保健酒中萘普生免疫学检测方法的建立

萘普生是疗效显著但有一定副作用的非甾体抗炎药物,近期频繁发现不法生产者在抗风湿保健酒中添加萘普生增加治疗效果,这种现象对消费者健康构成威胁。为了究建立快速检测萘普生的免疫学方法, 本文以活泼酯法将萘普生分别连接到BSA制备免疫抗原,连接到OVA上制备检测抗原。用免疫抗原免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,配合检测抗原经条件优化建立竞争抑制酶联免疫吸附检测方法。实验结果表明,检测体系IC50值为23.0 ng/mL,最低检测限为3.1 ng/mL,检测保健酒中萘普生加标回收率在87.3~102.1%,变异系数小于8.9%,与8种相关药物交叉反应率都小于0.05%。且与用ELISA方法与HPLC检测市售保健酒,1例阳性和19例阴性结果全部吻合。因此,本文所建立的免疫学检测萘普生的实验方法,具有高灵敏度和特异性,能够满足保健酒萘普生快速筛选的需要。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定卤菜中的蒂巴因

建立一种快速、高效测定卤菜中的蒂巴因的固相萃取-高效液相色谱方法。样品前处理采用乙腈-水溶剂提取,经固相萃取柱净化后检测。以乙腈-0.01%三乙胺水溶液(70∶30, V/V)作为流动相,用荧光检测器检测,外标法峰面积定量。结果表明,蒂巴因在0.5～50.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2为0.999 9,检出限为0.20μg/kg,定量限为0.60μg/kg,在1.0, 10.0和50.0μg/kg三个添加水平进行加标回收试验(n=5),加标回收率达到91.5%～94.2%。该方法具有前处理简单、净化效果好、灵敏度高和检测速度快的优点,适用于卤菜样品中蒂巴因的分离和定量检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测保健食品中25种非甾体类抗炎药

目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)分析保健食品中25种非法添加非甾体类抗炎药的分析方法。方法 保健食品固体试样经甲醇超声提取, 液体试样经水-甲醇萃取来提取, 经液相色谱柱分离后, 在多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下测进行25种非甾体类抗炎药含量的测定, 外标法定量。结果 25种非甾体抗炎药在1~500 ng/mL范围内呈现良好线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.99, 方法检出限为1.5~2.0 μg/kg, 定量限为5.0~6.0 μg/kg, 6.0、12.0和60.0 μg/kg 3个水平平均加标回收率为80.0%~108.2%, 相对标准偏差为6.4%~9.9% (n=6)。结论 该方法针对保健食品基质, 对固体和液体样品分别采取超声萃取和液液直接萃取的提取方式, 操作简便、节约成本、专属性强且灵敏度、回收率高, 满足保健食品中非甾体类抗炎药的检测。     

高效液相色谱同时测定葡萄酒中合成色素

建立高效液相色谱法同时测定葡萄酒中柠檬黄、苋菜红和胭脂红3种人工合成色素的方法。样品经固相萃取后,采用Eclipse XDB-C18(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm i.d)反相色谱柱分离,以0.03 mol/L乙酸铵-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温45℃,流速0.8 m L/min,进样量10μL,采用二极管阵列检测器进行检测。检测波长分别为230、425、515 nm。以目标物的色谱保留时间进行定性,以色谱峰的峰面积用标准曲线外标法进行定量。在优化的色谱条件下,3种色素的线性范围为0~100(μg/m L),相关系数均大于0.999。以S/N=3确定各检出限,柠檬黄、苋菜红和胭脂红的检出限分别为0.53、0.64、0.80μg/L,定量限为1.77μg/L~2.67μg/L(S/N=10)。各目标物的加标回收率为89.30%~103.93%,相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=6)。方法准确、快速、灵敏,适用于葡萄酒中非法添加合成色素的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测火锅底料中罂粟壳

研究建立火锅底料中非法添加罂粟壳的液相色谱-串联质谱测定法。采用水提取,乙腈和无水醋酸钠萃取罂粟壳中的生物碱分,液质联用进行检测,采用色谱柱SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK CR1∶4(5μm,2.0×150 mm)色谱分离,流动相为乙酸铵:乙腈(50∶50),0.5%甲酸为A相,乙腈为流动相B相。该方法的检出限为1 ng/mL,方法定量下限吗啡为37μg/kg,可待因、罂粟碱、蒂巴因和那可丁为1μg/kg,线性范围为1 ng/m～40 ng/mL,加标回收率64.2%～101.1%。该方法测定火锅底料罂粟碱中吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因5种生物碱的含量快速、准确,适合于火锅调味料食品中罂粟壳的检测。     

超高效液相色谱法测定米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量

目的建立超高效液相色谱法测定米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量。方法使用超高效液相色谱法进行测定,色谱条件为:色谱柱:Waters C_(18)(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相:水-甲醇(90:10,V:V),流速:0.3 m L/min,检测波长:275 nm,柱温:30℃。结果偶氮甲酰胺的色谱峰形对称,并能与其他物质完全分离;在14.98~149.8 ng范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9991(n=6);方法检出限为0.5μg/g,方法定量限为1.6μg/g,平均加标回收率为98.0%,相对标准偏差3.5%(n=3)。结论该方法前处理简单、快速,定量准确,灵敏度高,可用于检测米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量。     

液液萃取-气质联用法测定食用植物油中的敌草快含量

建立了食用植物油中敌草快含量的液液萃取-气质联用测定方法。样品以水为提取溶剂,用硼氢化钠还原,正己烷萃取还原产物,气相色谱串联质谱法测定。结果表明:采用m/z 108作为定量离子,在0.20~10μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(Y=266.5X-3 326.98,r=0.999 7);在不同添加水平下,菜籽油、大豆油、玉米油的加标回收率在90.6%~93.8%之间,相对标准偏差为0.25%~3.01%。该方法简便准确,可用于食用植物油中敌草快含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法检测运动食品中的丙二醛

建立一种快速、有效的高效液相色谱法测定运动食品中丙二醛的方法。样品经三氯乙酸混合提取液提取后,与TBA在90℃温度下衍生20 min。以乙酸铵(20 mmol/L)-乙腈(30∶70,V/V)作为流动相,用荧光检测器检测,外标法峰面积定量。结果表明,丙二醛标液在0.1~4.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r~2为0.999 2,检出限为0.02 mg/kg,定量限为0.06 mg/kg。加标回收率的添加浓度为1.0,5.0和10.0 mg/kg,加标回收率达到90.4%~93.1%(n=5)。通过模拟样品酸败的过程,与过氧化值相比,丙二醛值更能反应样品的氧化程度。     

运动营养品中肌酸的检测

建立一种快速、有效的高效液相色谱法测定运动营养品中肌酸的方法。样品经乙腈提取液提取后,用WAX小柱对目标物进行富集净化。以水-甲醇(V∶V,90∶10)作为流动相,二极管阵列检测器在200 nm的波长下检测,外标法定量目标化合物。结果表明,肌酸标液在1.0~50.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r2为0.999 6,检出限为0.14 mg/kg,定量限为0.47 mg/kg。加标试验中,添加10,50.0和100.0 mg/kg等3个梯度的标准溶液,加标回收率达到91.7%~93.5%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~3.2%(n=6)。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法和高效液相色谱法测定蜂蜜中氯虫苯甲酰胺残留量

目的建立通过一次样品前处理,可供高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)和高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)2种仪器检测蜂蜜中氯虫苯甲酰胺残留量的方法。方法试样经1%乙酸水溶解,乙酸乙酯萃取,氮吹浓缩,乙腈-水(1:1,V:V)复溶,供仪器检测,外标法定量。结果高效液相色谱-串联质谱法在1.25~50.00μg/L范围内线性相关性良好,相关系数r²为0.9996;在1、2、5μg/kg质量浓度水平下的加标回收率为90.5%~105.9%,相对标准偏差为2.9%~4.6%(n=6);检出限为0.5μg/kg,定量限为1.0μg/kg。高效液相色谱法在25~1000μg/L范围内线性相关性良好,相关系数r2为0.9995;在20.0、50.0、100.0μg/kg质量浓度水平下的加标回收率为94.6%~104.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.9%(n=6);检出限为10μg/kg,定量限为20μg/kg。结论本方法快速、准确、灵敏,适用于蜂蜜中氯虫苯甲酰胺残留量的测定。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.