连翘精油抑菌及抗氧化作用研究

利用超临界CO2萃取法提取连翘精油,研究测定了连翘精油对各种供试菌种的抑菌圈直径,加热处理及pH值对连翘精油抑菌效果的影响,同时研究了连翘精油的抗氧化效果.结果表明:连翘精油对各供试菌种的抑菌圈直径在12.5～26.0 mm之间,对G 和G-细菌、霉菌和酵母均有很强的抑制作用;连翘精油的抑菌效果随pH值的降低而增强;121℃加热处理15 min对连翘精油的抑菌效果无明显影响;连翘精油还具有一定的抗氧化性能.     

肉桂精油抑菌及抗氧化作用的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取法提取内桂精油,研究测定内桂精油对各种供试菌种的抑菌圈直径.加热处理及pH值对精油抑菌效果的影响,同时研究肉桂精油的抗氧化效果.结果表明:内桂精油对各供试菌种的抑菌圈直径在20.6mm～49.6 mm之间,对细菌、霉菌和酵母均有很强的抑制作用;肉桂精油的抑菌效果随pH值的降低而增强;121℃/15 min加热处理对内桂精油的抑菌效果无明显影响;内桂精油还具有一定的抗氧化性能.     

山苍子精油抑菌及抗氧化作用的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取法从山苍子中提取精油,用滤纸片法测定山苍子精油对常见细菌、霉菌及酵母的抑菌圈大小,同时研究了pH值及加热处理对山苍子精油抑菌效果的影响,并以过氧化值为指标,测定了山苍子精油对猪油的抗氧化效果。结果表明:山苍子精油对枯草杆菌和白葡萄球菌的抑菌圈处于10～15mm之间,属于中度敏感;对大肠杆菌、黑曲霉、青霉和酵母的抑菌圈达15mm以上,属最敏感;山苍子精油的抑菌效果在pH值5以下强烈,pH值6以上随pH值增大有所减弱;经80、100、121℃加热处理15min对其抑菌效果无明显影响;山苍子精油具有一定的氧化作用,但其抗氧化能力弱于TBHQ。     

香辛料精油复配抑菌效果研究

研究香辛料精油复配的抑菌效果。利用丁香、肉桂、豆蔻、孜然、茴香5种香辛料分别对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、啤酒酵母、黑曲霉菌单一精油的抑菌试验;丁香、肉桂及二者复配3种精油验对4种菌的抑菌试验;复配精油在不同温度、pH下对大肠杆菌和黑曲霉菌的抑菌稳定性试验,得出丁香精油抑制细菌、肉桂精油抑制真菌的能力较强,均高于其他几种香辛料精油的抑菌能力;复配精油对大肠杆菌、黑曲霉的抑菌效果明显;且复配精油在不同温度和pH下抑菌性较为稳定,为复配精油作为抑菌剂在食品中的应用提供参考。     

肉桂丁香精油复合抑菌效果及在香肠中的应用

研究肉桂、丁香及其复配精油的抑菌效果及在香肠中的应用。做了3种精油组合对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、酿酒酵母的抑菌试验,精油作用时间对抑菌效果的影响试验,精油添加在香肠中对菌落总数、pH的影响试验。结果显示:肉桂、丁香精油按1∶1复配抑菌效果较好,作用时间增长,抑菌效果明显,添加精油后的香肠与普通香肠比,菌落总数和pH均较低。为复配精油作为食品抑菌剂提供了理论依据。     

肉桂精油抑茵活性研究

利用滤纸片液相和气相扩散法进行体外抑菌试验,测定肉桂精油对6种供试菌的抑菌圈直径和最小抑菌浓度,以及加热处理和pH值对精油抑菌效果的影响.结果表明:肉桂精油对各供试茵的抑茵圈直径在19.6～43.5mm,对细菌、霉菌和酵母均有很强的抑制作用,对霉菌的抑菌作用高于酵母菌和细菌;气相也具有较强的抑茵作用;120℃加热处理20min对内桂精油的抑菌效果无明显影响;在pH值偏酸或偏碱时内桂精油的抑菌效果增强.     

肉桂-山苍子复合植物精油对发霉花生黑曲霉BQM菌的抑菌效果

花生果在不良的贮藏条件下极易发生霉变,从而降低其食用品质。为了寻找安全有效的花生防霉方法,研究了提自肉桂、山苍子、丁香、香茅及百里香的5种植物精油对分离自发霉花生的优势霉菌的抑菌效果。首先,从发霉的花生中分离纯化得到1株优势霉菌BQM,通过形态学特征,并结合18S rRNA基因序列分析,对其进行鉴定。然后,通过抑菌圈试验评价5种植物精油对菌株BQM的单一及复合抑菌效果,筛选出抑菌效果最佳的精油组合和复合精油的最佳比例。最后,通过扫描电镜观察复合精油对霉菌BQM菌丝结构的影响。试验结果表明：经鉴定,从发霉的花生上分离到的优势霉菌菌株BQM属于黑曲霉。肉桂-山苍子复合精油对黑曲霉BQM的抑菌效果最好,最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.125 μL/mL,复合精油最佳体积配比为V肉桂精油 ∶ V山苍子精油=3 ∶ 5。扫描电镜结果表明,经肉桂-山苍子复合精油处理的黑曲霉BQM菌丝体损伤严重,发生皱缩、干瘪、凹陷等变形现象,说明该精油可用于花生防霉处理。     

植物复合精油对5种稻谷霉变优势菌株抑菌作用研究

为了研究天然植物精油(百里香、丁香、肉桂)对霉变稻谷的抑菌效果,以5种稻谷霉变优势菌株为受试菌,以霉菌抑菌圈直径大小和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为指标,通过混料设计方法建立复合精油抑菌模型,结合方差分析得到抑菌效果最佳的植物精油配比。研究结果表明,单一精油抑菌活性对亮白曲霉（A. candidus）,杂色曲霉（A. versicolor）和聚多曲霉（A. sydowii）为肉桂精油>丁香精油>百里香精油;对稻黑孢霉（N. oryzae）为肉桂精油=丁香精油>百里精香油;对布罗克青霉菌（P. brocae）为丁香精油=百里香精油<肉桂精油。当肉桂精油:丁香精油:百里香精油的体积比为55.2%︰26.9%︰17.9%时,3种植物精油对5种菌株抑制效果最佳,复合抑制值大于90.9%。     

湘西永顺产山苍子精油成分分析与抑菌活性研究

研究湘西永顺产山苍子精油的成分分析及其抑菌活性。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取山苍子,利用气相色谱-质谱法分析山苍子精油的化学成分,选取大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白曲霉、青霉4种菌种为代表菌种,通过平板计数、最低抑菌浓度、不同热处理以及不同pH值来探讨山苍子精油的抑菌活性。结果表明:湘西永顺产山苍子精油的主要成分柠檬醛质量分数为74. 07%。其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白曲霉、青霉4种菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1.88、0.94、0.94、0.47μL/mL。山苍子精油能抑制细菌和霉菌的生长。当热处理温度在40～100℃区间时,温度升高导致山苍子精油的抑菌活性下降;当pH值在3.5～7.5的范围内,pH值越小山苍子精油的抑菌效果越好。湘西永顺产山苍子精油成分分析为其开发利用提供了技术参数,通过对其抑菌活性的研究,为研发山苍子精油防腐保鲜剂提供参考,拓展其在我国生鲜食品防腐保鲜中的应用。     

三种植物精油对霉菌的抑制效果测定及其在大米储藏中应用研究

天然植物精油具有良好的抑菌能力,在粮食天然保鲜剂的开发应用中具有良好的前景。采用水蒸气蒸馏的方法从天然植物丁香、肉桂、小茴香中提取精油,并将它们对大米2种主要霉菌的菌丝生长抑制率、最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度进行测定。结果表明:肉桂精油效果最好,0.03%时抑菌率达100%,最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度均为0.02%。同时也对3种植物精油在大米储藏中的应用进行了初步研究。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.