八角籽油成分和抗氧化性分析

文章主要通过索氏法和冷榨法提取八角籽油,并对比两种不同方式提取的八角籽油的理化特性、脂肪酸及脂肪伴随物。研究表明,两种提取方式对八角籽油脂肪酸的影响不显著,但对脂肪伴随物的影响较为显著。八角籽油中主要脂肪酸为亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量高达80%以上。八角籽油含有丰富的总酚、甾醇(菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、羊毛甾醇)和磷脂,并含有少量的角鲨烯和维生素E。β-谷甾醇占总甾醇的60%以上,在该油样中只检测到δ-生育酚,同时八角籽油的抗氧化能力优于其他常见植物油。八角籽油具有独特的八角茴香气味,因此八角籽油无论是作为新型调味油还是营养添加剂,都有很好的应用前景。     

苹果籽油中脂肪酸及植物甾醇成分分析

采用冷榨法制取苹果籽油,并对制取的苹果籽油进行脂肪酸和植物甾醇成分分析.结果表明:苹果籽油中的主要脂肪酸为亚油酸(48.38％),油酸(38.32％),棕榈酸(7.15％)和硬脂酸1.83％;植物甾醇为β-谷甾醇,豆甾醇和菜油甾醇.苹果籽油中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达86.92％,植物甾醇含量达384.7 mg/100 g,是一种具有开发价值的特种油脂.     

油茶籽油及茶叶籽油特征组分分析与比较

研究比较了油茶籽油和茶叶籽油的脂肪酸组成、三酰甘油组成、甾醇、生育酚、角鲨烯等特征组分。结果显示:油茶籽油主要脂肪酸为油酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸;其单不饱和脂肪酸占77.50%~84.44%;茶叶籽油主要脂肪酸为油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸;其饱和脂肪酸含量为18.86%~23.04%,单不饱和脂肪酸为56.53%~58.54%。2种油脂主要三酰甘油均为OOO、SLO、LOO,但相对比例各不相同;甾醇含量分别为1 099~2 298,499~927 mg/kg,主要组分为β-谷甾醇和Δ7-豆甾烯醇,占甾醇总量80%以上。油茶籽油和茶叶籽油中生育酚以α型为主,占总生育酚90%以上;前者角鲨烯含量为21~336 mg/kg,后者为108~198 mg/kg。研究可为油茶籽油和茶叶籽油的开发和应用提供基础数据支持。     

加工过程对苹果籽油中植物甾醇流向分布影响

采用GC-FIR法对苹果籽加工过程中的植物甾醇进行了成分分析。结果表明,苹果籽油中植物甾醇主要成分为菜油甾醇、豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇,其中以β-谷甾醇含量最高;压榨法制备的苹果籽油植物甾醇的含量(385mg/100g)高于索氏提取(288mg/100g)和超声提取法(318mg/100g);且随着苹果籽油精炼程度提高,油脂中的有益微量成分植物甾醇损失增大。     

云南11种油料作物油脂主要功能性成分评价

采用索氏抽提仪、气-质联用仪、高效液相色谱仪、紫外分光光度计对云南11种油料作物油脂中植物甾醇、角鲨烯、维生素E、类胡萝卜素和总酚含量进行测定分析。结果表明:植物油脂中的植物甾醇均以β-谷甾醇为主,β-谷甾醇含量最高的为菜籽油,总植物甾醇含量最高的也为菜籽油;橄榄油中角鲨烯的含量最高,达0.637%,明显优于其他植物油脂;红花籽油中维生素E含量最高,达19.90 mg/100 g(以α-生育酚计);花生油中类胡萝卜素含量最高,达18.10 mg/100 g;菜籽油中总酚含量最高,达247.91 mg/kg。通过主成分分析并对11种植物油脂的主要功能性成分综合得分进行排序,得分由高到低为菜籽油>橡胶籽油>花生油>红花籽油>橄榄油>大豆油>青刺果油>油茶籽油>油藤果油>核桃油>澳洲坚果油。因此,如果仅从脂溶性成分来看,菜籽油最优,橡胶籽油次之。     

冬瓜籽油的理化指标及营养成分的分析

对冬瓜籽油的理化性质、脂肪酸组成及营养成分进行分析。结果表明:冬瓜籽油酸价为4.96 mg/g,过氧化值为0.02 g/100 g,皂化值为195.97 mg/g,碘值为111.22 g/100 g;冬瓜籽油中包含12种脂肪酸,其中以亚油酸为主要脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量高达81.83%;冬瓜籽油还含有丰富的植物甾醇,其中菜油甾醇含量最高,为2 255.50 mg/kg,豆甾醇含量为980.76 mg/kg;冬瓜籽油中共检出3种生育酚,其中γ-生育酚含量最高(612.9 mg/kg),其次为α-生育三烯酚(90.6 mg/kg);冬瓜籽油中多酚类物质的含量为56.4 mg GAE/kg油。     

牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油化学组成分析与比较

牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油均属于亚麻酸型油脂。分析比较了牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成、甘油三酯组成、生育酚、角鲨烯以及甾醇等化学组成。结果表明:牡丹籽油主要脂肪酸为亚麻酸(45.41%~45.92%),其次为亚油酸和油酸,分别占23.72%~26.34%、20.32%~23.20%;亚麻籽油主要脂肪酸为亚麻酸(54.93%)、油酸(19.92%)以及亚油酸(16.26%);牡丹籽油占主要组分的甘油三酯均为LLLn+OLn Ln、LLL+OLLn与LLn Ln,其含量分别为21.37%~21.67%、14.88%~15.44%以及13.56%~14.98%;Ln Ln Ln(23.10%)、LLLn+OLn Ln(18.44%)与LLn Ln(13.41%)是亚麻籽油的主要甘油三酯;牡丹籽油及亚麻籽油均以γ-生育酚为主;牡丹籽油γ-生育酚含量为823.61~963.17 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油的仅为487.75 mg/kg;牡丹籽油角鲨烯含量为28.60~62.66 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油的仅为18.00 mg/kg。安徽及山东产凤丹牡丹籽油甾醇总量最高,超过了4 600 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油甾醇总量为3 269.49 mg/kg;牡丹籽油主要甾醇组分为谷甾醇,占甾醇总量的55.50%~62.17%,其次为Δ5-燕麦甾烯醇(25.28%~28.01%);同样,谷甾醇是亚麻籽油中含量最高的甾醇组分,占甾醇总量的52.59%,其次为24-亚甲基胆甾醇+芸薹甾醇以及Δ5-燕麦甾烯醇。     

不同地区茶叶籽油活性成分的比较分析

对浙江、云南、四川、江苏、湖南、湖北、福建、河南、贵州9个地区的茶叶籽油活性成分进行比较分析。结果表明,茶叶籽油中总酚含量以四川、贵州和云南最为突出,在900 mg/kg以上,其他地区差异不显著(400~660 mg/kg);VE含量以四川茶叶籽油最高,可达68.55 mg/100 g,而江苏茶叶籽油中生理活性最强的α-VE含量(31.94 mg/100 g)最多;角鲨烯、三萜类物质羽扇豆醇与4种甾醇类物质(菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、羊毛甾醇和谷甾醇)在所有地区茶叶籽油中均被检出;除湖南、湖北、福建外,其他几个地区茶叶籽油中都含有β-香树脂醇;此外,在所有地区的茶叶籽油中都检出1种类胡萝卜素——虾青素;四川和贵州的茶叶籽油中总甾醇含量最多,分别为5 710.4 mg/kg和5 539.3 mg/kg。综合分析,四川、贵州的茶叶籽油中活性成分含量最高,品质最好。     

葡萄籽油中植物甾醇的提取与鉴定

以4种酿酒葡萄(美乐、赤霞珠、龙眼、霞多丽)的种籽为原料,提取葡萄籽油,经皂化、萃取制得植物甾醇。采用GC-MS方法首次分析了葡萄籽油中植物甾醇的组成及含量,结果从葡萄籽油中检测到6种植物甾醇(菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、岩藻甾醇、豆甾烷醇、环木菠萝烯醇),其中白葡萄品种(龙眼、霞多丽)籽油中总甾醇含量高于红葡萄品种(龙眼、霞多丽)。在鉴定出的6种植物甾醇中,β-谷甾醇含量最高,其次是豆甾醇和菜油甾醇,岩藻甾醇含量最低。     

番茄籽油不皂化物成分分析与分离

采用GC-MS分析番茄籽油不皂化物成分,并通过薄层层析(TLC)对不皂化物进行初步分离。通过GC-MS从番茄籽油不皂化物中分离出42个峰,鉴定出29种物质,主要成分为β-谷甾醇、胆甾醇、豆甾醇、环菠萝烷醇、羊毛甾醇、γ-生育酚、(3β,5α)-胆甾-7-烯-3-醇、γ-谷甾醇、麦角甾醇、二十九烷、角鲨烯,其中β-谷甾醇含量最高,为15.68%;以正己烷与氯仿(7:3,V/V)为展开剂,通过TLC分离番茄籽油不皂化物,得到6条色带,利用紫外-可见光对分离物进行扫描,6种分离物最大吸收峰均不相同。     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）