气相色谱-质谱联用测定白酒中的氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯

建立一种测定白酒中的氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯的气相色谱-质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)方法。GC-MS条件为：色谱柱HP-55%苯甲基硅氧烷(30.0m×0.25mm,0.25μm),进样1μL(分流比50:1),柱温170℃,质谱离子源温度230℃,四极杆温度150℃,全扫描方式的质量扫描范围m/z 30～500,溶剂延迟3min。样品采用氨基固相小柱萃取净化、氮吹浓缩定容。结果表明：氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯在2～30μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9923和0.9811,平均回收率为76.10%和75.43%,RSD为4.48%和4.00%。该方法可应用于白酒检测。     

超高效液相飞行串联质谱检测改善睡眠类保健食品中22种非法添加化学物质方法的研究

目的建立超高效液相飞行串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS)快速检测改善睡眠类保健食品中22种违法添加化学物质的方法。方法样品经甲醇提取后,采用超高效液相色谱/质谱测定法,以ACQUITYTM UPLC HSS T3(50 mm×1.8 mm×1.7μm)为分析柱,0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离(ESI),正、负离子模式进行质谱数据采集,对改善睡眠类保健食品中22种违法添加化学物质进行筛选分析。结果建立了快速分离检测保健食品中22种非法添加物质的测定方法,22种违法添加化学物质的色谱图分离度良好,检测限均低于1 ng,质谱分辨率符合鉴别要求。结论该方法专属性强、灵敏度高,快捷,可作为改善睡眠类违法添加药物的有效检测方法。     

超高效液相飞行串联质谱检测改善睡眠类保健 食品中22种非法添加化学物质方法的研究

摘要：目的　建立UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS快速检测改善睡眠类保健食品中22 种违法添加化学物质的方法。方法　样品经甲醇提取后,采用超高效液相色谱/质谱测定法,以ACQUITYTM UPLC HSS T3（50 mm×1.8 mm×1.7μm）为分析柱,0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离( ESI),正、负离子模式进行质谱数据采集,对改善睡眠类保健食品中22 种违法添加化学物质进行筛选分析。结果 建立了快速分离检测保健食品中22 种非法添加物质的测定方法,22 种违法添加化学物质的色谱图分离度良好,检测限均低于1 ng,质谱分辨率符合鉴别要求。结论　该方法专属性强、灵敏度高,快捷, 可作为改善睡眠类违法添加药物的有效检测方法。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法分析冠心膏中挥发性成分

目的气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)鉴定分析冠心膏中挥发性成分,并比较不同提取方法所得成分的差异。方法 GC-MS条件:Thermo TG-5MS石英毛细管柱(0.25 mm×30 m,0.25μm);初始温度60℃(1 min),10℃/min升至100℃,保持30 min,7℃/min升温速率升至150℃,保持20 min,2℃/min的升温速率升至190℃,保持3 min,再以20℃/min的升温速率升至230℃,保持5 min;载气为氦气;柱流量1.0 ml/min;分流比1:1;进样口温度250℃;EI电离源70 eV;离子源温度300℃;扫描范围m/z 50～500。结果冠心膏挥发油提取法所得样品中共分离出34个峰,鉴定出19个成分,占总挥发性成分相对含量的93.4%;超声提取法所得样品中共分离出27个峰,鉴定出16个成分,占总挥发性成分相对含量的29.2%。结论两种测定方法所得冠心膏样品中挥发性成分基本一致,但所鉴定出的挥发性成分占总挥发性成分相对含量差异较大,表明使用挥发油提取法可建立更全面的冠心膏挥发性成分GC-MS信息,为冠心膏气相色谱指纹图谱的研究及其质量控制提供了依据。     

液相色谱-离子阱质谱法同时测定减肥类保健食品中非法添加的12种化学药物

目的 建立减肥类保健食品中12种非法添加化学药物的高效液相色谱-离子阱质谱联用 分析方法,并对56批抽检样品进行检测。方法 样品经甲醇超声提取后,经SHISEIDO CAPCELL-PAK C18色谱柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）分离,以乙酸铵溶液-甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱。采用ESI离子源,正离子扫描模式,对样品中非法添加的12种化合物进行定性检测。结果 该法能够同时完成对保健食品中12种非法添加化学药物的检测,方法检出限为0.1~0.5 ng/mL。采用该法对56批抽检样品进行检验,其中13批检出西布曲明和N-单去甲基西布曲明,4批检出奥利司他,阳性检出率为30%。结论 该法专属性好、灵敏度高、简便快速,可用于减肥类保健食品中非法添加化学药物的快速筛查。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法快速筛查保健品中136种非法添加降血压药物

摘要: 目的 建立一种无需标准品即可快速检测保健品中136种非法添加降血压药物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱分析方法。方法 样品经甲醇溶液适当稀释,超声处理后,经 Waters Acquity BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离,以0.1% (V:V)甲酸水溶液-乙腈作为流动相, 进行梯度洗脱。加热电喷雾离子源正负离子同时采集,一级母离子全扫描和数据依赖的二级子离子扫描模式检测,将采集的样品质谱信息与自建立的136种非法添加降血压药物质谱信息库通过分子离子精准质量数比对、同位素分布比对进行初筛,初筛出的阳性化合物通过二级碎片离子解析进行进一步确证。结果 该方法能够在没有标准品的情况下,在20 min内对保健食品中136种非法添加降压药物同时进行精准筛查,14种降压药物的添加回收实验表明实际样品的检出限在2.0~3.0 ?g/kg,采用本方法对市售实际样品进行检验, 1款声称具有降血脂的保健食品中有坎地沙坦酯检出。结论 该方法通量高、速度快、成本低,可用于保健食品中非法添加降血压药物的快速筛查。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法快速检测中成药和保健食品中非法添加的12种减肥类药物

目的建立高效液相色谱-离子阱质谱联用法测定保健食品中非法添加的12种化学减肥药物(去甲伪麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱、甲基麻黄碱、咖啡因、安非他明、甲基安非他明、氯卡色林、芬氟拉明、酚酞、比沙可啶、氟西汀、布美他尼)的分析方法。方法采用资生堂CAPCELL-PAK C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm, 5μm),梯度洗脱:流动相A为含0.1%冰乙酸的0.02 mol/L乙酸铵溶液,流动相B为甲醇,流速:0.5 mL/min;扫描方式为正离子扫描;通过与对照品色谱图和质谱图的对比,对样品中非法添加的化学药物进行定性鉴别。结果本法检测上述12种化学物质,各化合物色谱峰之间分离度良好,方法的检出限为0.2～0.5 ng/mL。33批样品中,2批检测出酚酞。结论该方法灵敏、选择性强、快速,可用于中药材和保健食品中非法添加的减肥化学药品的定性检测。     

保健食品中非法添加药物的广谱筛查和确证

采用液相色谱仪—二极管阵列检测器-离子阱-飞行时间串联质谱仪(LCMS-DAD-IT-TOF)建立减肥类非法添加药物高分辨质谱数据库。样品经乙腈超声提取,提取液经QuEChERS吸附剂净化,以ZORBAX Eclipse AAA色谱柱(150mm×4.6 mm,4.5μm)分离,乙腈和0.1%乙酸为流动相梯度洗脱。筛查限为0.10~0.75 mg/kg,平均回收率在49.4%~88.1%;相对标准偏差为5.0~14.8%。该方法通过紫外光谱确定非法添加药物特征吸收波长,结合滥用药物高分辨质谱数据库,通过精确质量数的检索匹配对非法添加药物实现快速筛查,并使用保留时间、同位素丰度和多级特征碎片离子进行确证。根据多级碎片离子,推导出裂解途径。具有简便、快速、高效、准确等优点。在缺乏标准品或对照品的情况下,即可得到准确可靠的结论。适用于保健食品中非法添加药物的有效快速筛查。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定辅助改善记忆类保健食品中非法添加的17种化学药物

目的建立辅助改善记忆类保健食品不同剂型中(口服液、丸剂、软胶囊)17种非法添加化学药物的高效液相色谱测定方法。方法 3种不同剂型的保健食品样品以50%甲醇水为提取溶剂进行超声提取,提取后采用C18-SPE柱净化,通过Thermo AccliaimTMMixed-Mode WCX-1色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)分离,以100 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠水溶液和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器定性、外标法定量。结果在相应浓度范围内,17种化学药物线性关系良好,r0.99,加标回收率为85%~120%,检出限为10~40μg/ml,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.8%~4.8%。结论该方法操作简便、准确、快速,能实现3种剂型中17种非法添加化学物的同时分析,可用于辅助改善记忆类保健食品中非法添加化学药品的定性筛查和定量检测。     

液质联用法检测降血糖类保健食品中非法添加的13种化学药物

建立同时检测保健食品中非法添加的13 种化学降糖药物的液相色谱串联质谱分析方法并用于实际检测。保健食品样品经甲醇超声提取后,以色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,5 μm)进行分离,甲醇和10 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1 %甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱;采用电喷雾电离源正离子(electrospray ionization positive,ESI+),多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式进行检测。13 种化学降糖药物线性相关系数均大于0.999,定量限(limits of quantitation,LOQ)为45.7 μg/kg^79.6 μg/kg,回收率为78.6 %~112.1 %,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSD)为 0.6 %~3.5 %。从11种样品中检测出5种样品含非法添加化学药物,且均为复合添加。2种样品添加二甲双胍,5种样品添加苯乙双胍,2种样品添加罗格列酮,1种样品添加甲苯磺丁脲,1种样品添加吡格列酮,5种样品添加格列本脲。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.