法夫酵母低聚糖的结构分析

法夫酵母发酵生产的低聚糖经高效液相色谱分离纯化后经质谱和核磁共振分析,结果表明该低聚糖为相对分子质量504 000的β-D-呋喃果糖(2→6)-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖(2→1)-β-D-呋喃果糖,即新科斯糖.     

莱菔子化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的：研究莱菔子化学成分,探索生品莱菔子的物质基础。方法：采用大孔吸附树脂HP-20、聚苯乙烯型大孔吸附树脂（MCI gel）、ODS、硅胶及LiChroprep RP-18等色谱技术进行分离纯化,运用光谱学方法对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果：从莱菔子甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了16?个化合物：顺-13-二十二碳烯酸（1）、豆甾-4-烯-3-酮（2）、（22E,24R）-麦角甾-5,22-二烯-3β-醇（3）、豆甾-5-烯-3β-醇（4）、反-阿魏酸甲酯（5）、反-芥子酸甲酯（6）、β-豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、α-D-吡喃半乳糖基-（1-6）-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1-2）-β-D-呋喃果糖苷（8）、β-D-呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（9）、β-D-（3-芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-葡萄糖苷（10）、β-D-（3-芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（11）、β-D-（3,4-二芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（12）、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（13）、异鼠李素-3,4’-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷（14）、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（15）、3’-O-甲基-（－）-表儿茶素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（16）。结论：化合物2、3、7～10、13～16为首次在该植物中得到。     

6-O-乙酰基-2,3,4-三-O-异戊酰基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖的合成及热裂解

以α-D-甲基吡喃葡萄糖苷为原料,高产率、选择性地合成了6-O-叔丁基二苯基硅基-α-D-甲基吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),再经异戊酰化、脱TBDPS保护基、6-位乙酰化及α-位甲氧基乙酰化,然后再用乙酸肼处理得到目标产物6-O-乙酰基-2,3,4-三-O-异戊酰基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1).用1H NMR和HRMS谱对糖酯1的结构进行了表征.结果表明:①合成产物(1)为目标产物糖酯;②燃吸过程中糖酯1热裂解可向烟气中释放38.7μg/mg的异戊酸.     

超声条件下蔗糖-6-月桂酸单酯及蔗糖-6'-月桂酸单酯的合成、纯化与结构鉴定

采用薄层层析(TLC)和硅胶柱层析分离纯化了超声处理条件下合成的蔗糖月桂酸单酯,并对纯化后的组分采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)、红外光谱(IR)、质谱(MS)、核磁共振(1H-NMR、13C-NMR)进行了结构鉴定和表征TLC分离蔗糖月桂酸酯的理想条件:点样量4μL,以氯仿/甲醇/冰乙酸/水(V/V/V/V,75∶15∶7∶3)展开25min,然后用10％磷钼酸乙醇溶液喷雾,105℃显色10min 硅胶柱层析分离蔗糖月桂酸酯的较佳条件为:3g样品溶于10mL洗脱剂上,35mm×700mm硅胶(200～300目)层析柱,流动相为TLC展开剂配比,流速为40～50mL/h,每30min收集一份洗脱液 两种单酯组分分别为蔗糖-6-月桂酸酯和蔗糖-6’-月桂酸酯.     

色谱法监测β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的合成

用改进的Koenigs-knorr法立体选择性地合成了2,3,4,6-四乙酰基-香叶基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(GLY-A)和香叶基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(GLY-B)两种键合态香料前体.采用薄层色谱法(TLC)监控反应条件;硅胶柱层析色谱法(SGCC)分离并纯化产物;反向液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定样品纯度...     

七叶一枝花的化学成分研究

目的研究七叶一枝花Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara的化学成分。方法溶剂提取后,利用正相硅胶色谱,反向制备色谱,ODS柱色谱等手段对该植物的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇部位提取物进行分离与纯化,并通过核磁共振碳谱(~(13)C NMR),核磁共振氢谱(~~1H NMR)和电子轰击质谱(EI-MS)等波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层分离得到10个化合物,经分离鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),槲皮素(Ⅱ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅲ),豆甾醇(Ⅳ),偏诺皂苷元-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ),熊果酸(Ⅵ),薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(Ⅶ),葡萄糖(Ⅷ),薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ),山奈酚(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅱ,Ⅹ为种首发,化合物Ⅵ,Ⅷ为属首发。     

油菜蜂花粉中黄酮的分离纯化及结构鉴定

研究油菜蜂花粉黄酮的组成,采用乙醇提取,石油醚萃取脱脂和柱层析分离方法对油菜蜂花粉黄酮进行研究,得3个黄酮类化合物,经1 H-NMR、13 C-NMR,分别鉴定出3个黄酮类化合物化学结构为山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷和槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,与HPLC-MS检测结果一致。     

山香圆中三萜类化合物的研究

目的研究山香圆叶的化学成分。方法采用色谱技术分离、纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物结构。结果从山香圆叶分离出9个五环三萜化合物,分别为熊果酸(I),pomolic acid(II),corosolic acid(III),tormentic acid(IV),maslinic acid(V),tormentic acid-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(VI),arjunolic acid-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(VII),2α,3β,23,29-四羟基齐墩果烷-12-烯-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(VIII),2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏烷-12-烯-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯(IX)。结论化合物V-IX均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

两种Amadori衍生物的合成及其热降解产物研究

文章以D-果糖、L-苯丙氨酸和L-酪氨酸为原料合成两种Amadori衍生物:PDFD(二-O-异亚丙基-2,3:4,5-β-D-吡喃果糖基苯丙氨酸酯)和TDFD(二-O-异亚丙基-2,3:4,5-β-D-吡喃果糖基酪氨酸酯),用氢谱(1H NMR)、碳谱(13C NMR)以及高分辨质谱(HRMS)表征了物质的结构。采用热重(TG-DTG)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热裂解-气质(Py-GC/MS)联用技术研究了两种物质的热特性和热降解产物。结果表明,PDFD和TDFD最大质量损失率T_p值分别是273.3和340.5℃;两种物质均热降解产生大量的挥发性香味物质,如2-丁酮、苯甲醛、2-乙酰基呋喃、糠醛等,而且TDFD所需热降解温度较高且热降解产物含有酚类物质。对两种物质的热降解机理研究表明,保护糖环上的羟基在一定程度上可抑制吡喃糖环的降解,而氨基酸部分的降解几乎不受影响。该研究提供了一类基于Amadori化合物的香味前体物质,且为调控Amadori化合物热降解产物提供新思路。     

南山茶籽中4个多酚化合物的鉴定

为了综合开发利用油茶资源,对南山茶饼乙醇提取物的组分进行制备和鉴定。将经过乙酸乙酯萃取和硅胶柱层析分离纯化收集的XVII、XXVII、XXVIII和XXXIV4个组分进行HPLC制备,得到了5个纯度较高的化合物。化合物4的解析已另文报道,通过波谱分析确定4个化合物分别为:原儿茶酸(化合物1)、芹菜素-6-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(化合物2)、山奈酚3-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-3)-2,4-O-乙酰基-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1-6)-]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(化合物3)和山奈酚3-O-[α-L-鼠李糖-(1-3)-α-L-鼠李糖-(1-6)]-β-D-葡萄糖甙(化合物5)。对山茶属植物中提取到的化合物3和南山茶中分离到的化合物2和化合物5进行了详细解析,对这3个化合物的~1 H和~(13) C化学位移信号进行了全归属。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.