免缝合防钻绒面料生产工艺探索

羽绒具有特殊的绒丝结构,蓬松性、保暖性极佳,因此人们在冬季,或者寒冷地带,羽绒制品为首选的防寒保暖服装,广受世界各地人们的喜爱。但由于羽绒制品存在面料钻绒的问题,一直影响其进一步发展。通过对钻绒机理及成因的研究,从工艺上探讨了防钻绒的几种保护措施,并在前人研究基础上开发出了一整套免缝防钻绒的生产工艺。     

羽绒服防钻绒性能仿生测试方法研究

本文探讨设计一种羽绒防钻绒性能仿生原理的试验方法,以羽绒服为主要试验对象,以织物表面钻绒根数、绗缝针迹钻绒根数和表面清洁度评价3个指标,作为羽绒制品钻绒性能评价表征指标。通过分析比较现行测试方法的局限性,研究新型仪器模拟人体运动规律,探讨了仿生测试的可行性以及具体实施方案,确保测试结果准确、直观、全面体现羽绒制品钻绒效果。     

聚碳氟烃纳米纤维膜在纺织品防钻绒应用的可行性

在羽绒制品中,防钻绒性能、透气性与耐水洗性能均满足检测标准要求的面料很少,导致羽绒面料品种单一,羽绒制品多样性也受到限制。通过在羽绒面料上复合一层由聚碳氟烃纳米纤维技术制成的防绒膜,研究面料覆膜前后防钻绒与透气性、覆膜面料水洗前后防钻绒与透气性的变化。结果表明:复合了碳氟烃聚合物纳米纤维材料制成的防绒膜,防钻绒性明显得到提升,透气性与耐水性能仍能满足检测标准的要求,有效解决了羽绒面料品种单一的问题。     

羽绒制品防钻绒性测试标准比较与分析

文章从钻绒机理切入,在分析了影响羽绒防钻绒性因素的基础上,比较分析了国内常用羽绒制品的测试标准,指出存在的不足,并提出合理的建议。     

浅析羽绒制品的防钻绒性试验方法

羽毛羽绒制品的钻绒问题一直是消费者投诉的焦点,同时也一直困扰着许多生产企业,科学有效的试验方法是研究羽绒制品防钻绒性的核心内容。从现有的产品标准入手,介绍了目前国内主要的防钻绒性试验方法,评述了不同试验方法的主要原理及操作方法等,比较了现有试验方法的主要区别和问题,并提出了改进建议。     

织物防钻绒性试验方法的分类与比较

羽毛羽绒制品的钻绒问题一直困扰着生产企业和消费者,科学有效的试验方法和测试设备是研究织物防钻绒性能的核心内容.文章从羽毛绒钻绒的机理人手,介绍了目前国内外主要的织物防钻绒性试验方法,根据所用的仪器设备将试验方法分为3类:转箱法、摩擦法与冲击法,并通过比较3类试验方法的测试原理、仪器设备、操作规程以及评价指标,评述了3类试验方法的优缺点,分析了织物防钻绒性试验方法存在的主要问题,并对涉及的技术指标提出了改进建议.     

织物防钻绒性测试仪的研制及技术创新

为解决目前市场上羽绒服钻绒现象并为确定考核指标提供依据,国家羽绒制品质量监督检验中心(成都)研制出一台新型的织物防钻绒性测试仪,并通过试验验证了该仪器的可行性及技术创新性。     

织物防钻绒性测试仪的研制及技术创新

为解决目前市场上羽绒服钻绒现象并为确定考核指标提供依据，国家羽绒制品质量监督检验中心（成都）研制出一台新型的织物防钻绒性测试仪，并通过试验验证了该仪器的可行性及技术创新性。     

羽绒服防钻绒性测试标准的探讨

通过对服装实际发生的钻绒性能进行分析,发现目前国内羽绒服防钻绒性测试方法主要针对的是羽绒服面料,对服装的缝制工艺并没有关注.提出了改进羽绒服防钻绒性的若干建议.     

无缝格状防羽绒面料一次成形生产实践

探讨一次成形织造技术在防羽绒面料生产中的应用。通过合理的产品尺寸设计、组织结构设计、织造工艺和后整理工艺,实现具有格状填充腔体的无缝防羽绒面料的织造,为家用羽绒制品的开发提供新思路。测试结果表明,所开发的无缝格状防羽绒面料具有一定的防钻绒效果,且透气性能良好。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.