苕子蜜总酚酸和总黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性的研究

以市售5 个样本苕子蜜为研究对象,在测定其总酚酸及总黄酮含量的基础上,研究苕子蜜对DPPH 自由基的清除作用,并测定苕子蜜的还原力。结果表明：5 个样本苕子蜜总酚酸含量在9.323～21.982mg/100g 之间,总黄酮含量在0.842～2.295mg/100g 之间。各样本苕子蜜均有一定的抗氧化活性,呈现量效关系。总酚酸含量、还原能力与抗氧化能力三者成正相关,表明蜂蜜的抗氧化活性可能与其所含的总酚酸有关。总黄酮和总酚酸含量与还原能力、抗氧化能力之间无明显相关性。     

单花蜂蜜多酚类物质的抗氧化活性

以5种中国单花原蜜,不同产地的42个样本通过Amberlite XAD-2吸附树脂得到的多酚提取物为原料,采用分光光度法,测定总酚酸和总黄酮含量、还原能力、抗氧化活性(清除DPPH自由基、O2－ ·能力),评估蜂蜜多酚类物质抗氧化活性及蜂蜜品种、颜色和地域差异对清除自由基的影响。结果表明：样本总黄酮含量为(9.41±0.18)～(92.76±0.13)mg/kg;总酚酸含量为(9.10±0.05)～(149.57±0.14)mg/100g;深色枣花蜜抗氧化能力最强,对DPPH自由基、O2－ ·清除作用分别为EC50＝(0.042±0.014)g/mL和EC50＝(0.038±0.009)g/mL。提示蜂蜜的多酚类物质影响抗氧化活性,酚酸、黄酮含量与抗氧化能力呈现正相关系;色深原蜜的酚酸、黄酮含量高于色浅原蜜,抗氧化能力也强于浅色原蜜。     

不同酿酒高粱酚类物质含量测定及抗氧化活性比较

以6种酿酒高粱籽粒为研究对象,分别比较其游离态与结合态总酚、总黄酮、酚酸物质种类及含量,并对其抗氧化活性进行 分析。 结果表明,不同酿酒高粱品种游离态总酚、总黄酮;结合态总酚、总黄酮含量分别在135.47～274.38 mgGAE/100 g、94.60～ 148.31 mg/100 g;618.27～1 383.17 mgGAE/100 g、123.06～434.84 mg/100 g。 酿酒高粱籽粒中游离态酚酸以阿魏酸、丁香酸与没食 子酸为主,平均含量分别为611.19 μg/g、380.66 μg/g、359.34 μg/g;结合态酚酸以阿魏酸、丁香酸为主,平均含量为1 608.33 μg/g、 376.78 μg/g。 酿酒高粱籽粒中游离态与结合态总酚ABTS抗氧化能力值分别占总ABTS能力值14.6%与85.4%;酿酒高粱籽粒中游离 态与结合态总酚FRAP抗氧化能力值占总FRAP能力值14.3%与85.7%。 酿酒高粱籽粒具有丰富的酚类物质,良好的抗氧化活性,且品 种间有显著性的差异（P＜0.05）。     

神农架林区中蜂蜜理化指标及抗氧化活性分析

该研究以湖北神农架林区5个中蜂蜜样品为研究对象,对其理化指标和总酚酸、总黄酮含量进行测定,采用DPPH·和ABTS+自由基清除试验测定其抗氧化活性。试验结果表明,神农架林区5个中蜂蜜样品理化指标均符合GH/T 18796-2012《蜂蜜》,总黄酮含量为(9.95±0.04)mg/100 g^13.66±0.04mg/100 g;总酚酸含量为(20.69±0.03)mg/100 g^31.71±0.07mg/100 g;5个中蜂蜜样品均具有DPPH·和ABTS+自由基清除能力,IC50值分别在(39.14±0.16)mg/mL^106.63±0.38mg/mL和(48.48±0.22)mg/mL^127.07±1.41mg/mL之间。其中总酚酸含量与清除DPPH·和ABTS+自由基能力存在显著正相关,其相关系数分别为0.973、0.920。该研究首次报道了神农架林区中蜂蜜的理化性质及其抗氧化活性,为神农架林区中蜂蜜的开发利用提供了理论依据。     

木贼醇提物不同萃取部位总酚酸、黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性研究

目的:对木贼的乙醇提取物不同萃取部位进行总酚酸、黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性比较,以探知木贼抗氧化活性物质基础。方法:木贼经70%乙醇超声提取浓缩后,采用有机溶剂萃取法依次得到石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水相4个部位萃取物;利用紫外-分光光度法比较各萃取部位总黄酮、酚酸含量差异;以抗坏血酸为阳性对照,比较不同萃取部位还原能力、羟自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH·)、2,2'-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS+·)清除率的差异,评价各部位抗氧化能力强弱。结果:木贼各萃取物总黄酮含量在5.70~61.55 mg/g 范围内,总酚酸含量在4.07~19.10 mg/g 范围内,乙酸乙酯萃取物总黄酮与酚酸含量明显高于其他萃取物,其还原能力、羟自由基、DPPH·、ABTS+·清除率也明显高于正丁醇、石油醚和水相萃取物,乙酸乙酯萃取物对羟自由基、ABTS+·、DPPH·清除能力IC₅₀值分别为:(0.321±0.0026)、(0.213±0.0010)和(0.169±0.0014) mg/mL。结论:经各相溶剂萃取后木贼有效成分得到初步分离,乙酸乙酯相萃取部位总黄酮和酚酸相对含量及抗氧化活性明显强于总提物和其他萃取部位,且其抗氧化能力呈量效关系。实验发现木贼中黄酮和酚酸类成分与其抗氧化能力密切相关。     

12种常见蔬菜抗氧化活性的比较研究

分别采用FRAP法、DPPH法和β-胡萝卜素-亚油酸乳化液法比较了12种常见蔬菜的抗氧化活性,并测定了其总酚含量;分析了不同抗氧化活性指标同总酚含量以及不同抗氧化活性指标之间的相关关系.结果显示3种测定方法间存在一定的相关性;苋菜、藕、生姜和蘑菇具有较强的抗氧化能力,而竹笋、黄瓜和胡萝卜的抗氧化能力较弱.茄子仅有中等程度的FRAP值,却是清除DPPH自由基能力最强的蔬菜;洋葱在β-胡萝卜素-亚油乳化液法中表现出很强的活性,却是DPPH清除能力最弱的蔬菜.各种蔬菜中总酚含量相差很大,总酚含量最多的是苋菜,达到(163.71±4.47)mg/100 g,而最少的是黄瓜,仅(13.26±1.65)mg/100 g;3种抗氧化活性指标与总酚含量之间都存在一定的相关关系,但程度不一,FRAP值与总酚的相关度最大,即R2=0.8086.结论不同蔬菜的抗氧化能力有差异,且与测定方法有关.     

青钱柳叶活性成分的抗氧化活性及UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析

利用96孔板法测定青钱柳叶不同溶剂(水、70%乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷)提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性(DPPH自由基清除能力、还原能力、总抗氧化能力),考察酚类物质含量与抗氧化活性的相关性,并采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spetrometry,UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)分析提取物中主要活性成分。结果表明:不同提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性存在显著性差异且70%乙醇溶液提取物表现出最高的总酚(219.01 mg GAE/g)、总黄酮含量(7.23 mg CE/g)及最强的DPPH自由基清除能力(35.46 mg TE/g)和还原能力(1.89 mmol Fe SO_4/g);总酚、总黄酮含量与DPPH自由基清除能力、还原能力之间呈正相关,与总抗氧化能力呈显著负相关,表明多酚类物质是青钱柳中主要的抗氧化剂。UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS分析70%乙醇溶液提取物并初步鉴定出22种化合物,包括2种有机酸、4种酚酸、5种黄酮、8种三萜皂苷类和3种酯类,其中酚酸和黄酮类化合物是主要的抗氧化活性成分,有机酸、三萜皂苷及酯类化合物可能是潜在的抗氧化活性成分。     

我国不同产地绿豆抗氧化活性分析

目的:测定我国十四个产地的绿豆样品的总酚含量、总黄酮含量以及抗氧化能力,为我国部分绿豆品种品质评价体系提供科学依据.方法:分别采用福林一酚法、三氯化铝显色法测定绿豆样品的总酚含量、总黄酮含量,采用铁离子还原抗氧化法(FRAP值)、N,N-二苯基三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率法评价其抗氧化能力.结果:绿豆样品总酚含量为2.85～3.84mg没食子酸/g,总黄酮含量为1.99～2.53mg儿茶素/g,FRAP值为1.39～2.08mmol Fe2+/100g,DPPH为1.40～2.03mg抗坏血酸/g.样品总酚含量与FRAP值(r=0.84,P＜0.01)、总黄酮与DPPH(r=0,89,P＜0.01)相关关系显著.结论:不同产地绿豆总酚含量、总黄酮含量、FRAP值、DPPH存在显著差异.绿豆的抗氧化活性与其总酚含量、总黄酮含量显著正相关,与淀粉、蛋白质、粗纤维、灰分、脂肪含量没有显著的相关性.     

新疆野生苹果(Malus sieversii)的总多酚、总黄酮提取物的抗氧化活性研究

以采集于新疆不同地区的20个野生苹果品种为研究对象,福林酚法测总多酚,分光光度计法测定总黄酮,DPPH、ABTS、还原能力法测定总抗氧化能力,相关系数法分析各个指标之间的相关性。结果显示,不同品种的野生苹果的总多酚、总黄酮及抗氧化活性之间具有显著差异,其中,HDM-23的总多酚含量最高(4714.33μmol没食子酸/100g鲜果),XY-31的总黄酮含量最高(2452.84mg芦丁/100g鲜果)。总多酚、总黄酮及抗氧化活性之间呈极显著(p0.01)正相关,表明总多酚与总黄酮是野生苹果抗氧化活性的主要贡献物质。     

大果木姜子醇提物及不同萃取物体外抗氧化能力研究

探讨大果木姜子醇提物及不同萃取物中总黄酮及总酚酸的质量浓度与其抗氧化能力的量效关系.运用紫外-可见分光光度法测定大果木姜子不同萃取物中总黄酮和总酚酸质量浓度,并通过DPPH自由基法、FRAP法、羟基自由基法及ABTS+自由基法测定其体外抗氧化能力.结果 表明:乙酸乙酯萃取物通过清除DPPH自由基表现出较强的抗氧化活性,...     

澳洲坚果青皮不同极性溶剂分步提取物功能成分与抗氧化活性及其相关性分析

采用80%（体积分数,下同）乙醇超声提取澳洲坚果青皮,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇4 种不同极性溶剂对其提取物进行分步萃取,剩余为水溶解物,分别得到80%乙醇提取物、石油醚提取物、氯仿提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物与水溶解物6 种溶剂提取物,测定其总酚、黄酮、多糖等主要功能成分质量分数与抗氧化活性,并分析其相关性。结果表明：总酚和黄酮质量分数在澳洲坚果青皮乙酸乙酯提取物中均最高,分别为（40.36±0.48）%与（41.68±0.93）%,多糖质量分数在正丁醇提取物中最高,为（22.08±2.09）%。澳洲坚果青皮不同极性溶剂分步提取物具有较强的2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS）阳离子自由基清除能力与较高的还原力,对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基与超氧阴离子自由基拥有一定的清除能力。其中,乙酸乙酯提取物对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基的清除能力最强,还原力最高,其半抑制浓度（half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC50）分别为0.67、0.05、0.09 mg/mL。正丁醇提取物对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力最强,其IC50为0.08 mg/mL,相同质量浓度下优于芦丁。通过对各指标进行皮尔逊相关性分析得出,澳洲坚果青皮不同极性溶剂分步提取物对DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS阳离子自由基清除能力与还原力均与其总酚、黄酮、多糖质量分数呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01）,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力与其多糖质量分数呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01）。应用多元回归分析建立了澳洲坚果青皮不同极性溶剂分步提取物DPPH自由基清除能力（Y1）、超氧阴离子自由基清除能力（Y2）、ABTS阳离子自由基清除清除能力（Y3）、还原力（Y4）与其功能成分（总酚（X1）、黄酮（X2）、多糖（X3）与皂苷及其他成分（X4））质量分数之间的线性回归方程,分别为Y1＝7.634 4－0.071 0X1＋0.170 2X2＋0.227 6X3－0.013 3X4、Y2＝29.024 5－0.405 0X1＋0.320 0X2＋0.597 2X3、Y3＝40.305 6＋0.188 8X1＋0.030 4X4与Y4＝0.298 2＋0.004 5X2＋0.006 0X3。结论：研究为开发利用澳洲坚果青皮资源提供一定的技术依据。     

Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Chinese raisins produced in Xinjiang Province

Raisins of 9 grape genotypes from Xinjiang Province were evaluated for phenolic composition and dietary antioxidant potential by using several assays, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, cupric reducing antioxidant power (CUPRAC), nitrite scavenging capacity (NTSC), potassium ferricyanide reducing power (PFRAP), and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (HRSC). Desert king had the highest content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, oligo proanthocyanidin, and total flavanols. Significance analysis demonstrated that Desert king had the highest antioxidant capacity in DPPH, CUPRAC, NTSC, and PFRAP. In HRSC, red manaizi showed the highest antioxidant capacity. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid was the predominant phenolic compound in the majority of raisin samples.     

植物乳杆菌发酵对猕猴桃抗氧化物质含量及抗氧化活性的影响

该文研究了植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）发酵对猕猴桃果浆理化指标、抗氧化物质（总酚酸、总黄酮、维生素C）含量和抗氧化能力的影响,分析抗氧化物质与抗氧化能力之间的相关性,并采用液质联用（LC-MS）仪对其酚酸和黄酮的组成进行测定。结果表明,与发酵前相比,猕猴桃果浆中植物乳杆菌（L. plantarum）活菌数、总酸含量升高,pH值下降;发酵后猕猴桃果浆对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基和2,2'-联氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二胺盐（ABTS）自由基的清除能力分别提高了60.82%、26.72%;总酚酸和总黄酮的含量分别提高了62.89%、68.97%;DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除能力与总酚酸、总黄酮的含量呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）;植物乳杆菌发酵后的猕猴桃果浆中新生成了2,6-二羟基香豆素、芥子酸和原儿茶酸,咖啡酸则未检出。     

Comprehensive study on vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of various polyphenolics in scavenging a free radical and its structural relationship

Antioxidant capacity for a wide range of natural or synthetic polyphenolics was comprehensively evaluated by vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) assay using free blue/green ABTS radicals. The polyphenolics tested are grouped into the following categories: vitamins (beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin A, and vitamin C), phenolic acids (benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, cinnamic acid, and their derivatives), flavonoids (anthocyanidin, flavanol, chalcone, flavanone, flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and their derivatives), synthetic food additives (BHA, BHT, TBHQ, and PG), and other miscellaneous polyphenolics (ellagic acid, sesamol, eugenol, thymol, etc.). A positive linear relationship between VCEAC and the number of free OH groups around the flavonoid framework was found, whereas, for phenolic acids, the linear relationship was not as good as with the flavonoid aglycones. Groups of chemicals having comparable structures generally showed similar trends. Polyphenolics commonly showed a higher VCEAC compared to monophenolics. Compounds like gallic acid with 3 vicinal hydroxy substitutions on the aromatic ring in phenolic acids or like epigallocatechin with 3 vicinal hydroxy substitutions on the B ring in flavonoids showed the highest antioxidant capcity among the groups. In the flavonoids, 2 characteristic chemical structures were very important, the catechol moiety in the B ring and the 3-OH functional group in a chroman ring. Glycosylated flavonoids showed less potent antioxidant capacity than their aglycone alone. Synthetic antioxidant food additives (BHA, TBHQ, and BHT) conventionally used in the food industry were less effective antioxidants than ascorbic acid. Other naturally occurring polyphenolics tested followed the expected general trends of phenolic acids and flavonoids.     

Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activities of 11 Celery Cultivars

ABSTRACT:  Eleven cultivars of celery, belonging to 2 species, were collected and analyzed for their phenolic compound composition and antioxidant activities. Major phenolic acids identified in the extracts of these celeries were caffeic acid,  p -coumaric acid, and ferulic acid, while the identified flavonoids were apigenin, luteolin, and kaempferol. The contents of total phenolics were measured using a Folin–Ciocalteu assay and the total antioxidant capacity was estimated by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS·⁺) methods. Apigenin was the major flavonoid in these samples and the most abundant phenolic acid was  p- coumaric acid. Many of the investigated cultivars had high levels of phenolics and exhibited high antioxidant capacity. Among these 11 cultivars, Shengjie celery had the highest antioxidant activity whereas Tropica had the lowest. An extremely significant positive correlation between the antioxidant activity and the contents of total flavonoids, total phenolic acids, or total phenolics was observed in this study.     

马铃薯抗氧化活性成分研究

分析了宁夏地区种植的8种马铃薯总酚、总黄酮含量,并采用高效液相色谱法测定马铃薯中酚酸种类及其含量;通过体外抗氧化评价模型比较8种马铃薯对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基、DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基清除能力及FRAP铁还原能力。结果表明:黑美人总酚含量最高,为400.38 mg/100 g,夏波蒂总酚含量最低,为233.93mg/100g;费乌瑞它黄酮含量最高,为107.39mg/100g,庄薯3号黄酮含量最低,为33.17mg/100g;所有品种马铃薯的主要酚酸物质均为绿原酸,其中黑美人含量最高(91.46%);绿原酸含量与酚酸、黄酮含量呈极显著正相关性(P0.01);酚酸含量与ABTS自由基清除能力相关性最大;黄酮含量与羟基自由基清除能力呈极显著负相关(P0.01);绿原酸含量与ABTS自由基清除能力相关性最大。     

Polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of selected China wines

Thirty-seven China wines, produced from different geographical origins, were examined in this study. The antioxidant activity of wines was measured by different analytical methods: oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), reducing power, 2,2-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothialozine-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), hydroxyl radical-scavenger activity, superoxide radical-scavenger activity, lipid peroxidation and chelating capacity. Furthermore,total phenols, total flavonoids, total flavanols and total anthocyanins of wines were determined. As expected, the red wines had much higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity than rosé wines or white wines. Among the red wines, Cabernet Sauvignon and Muscat Hamburg, respectively, represented the wines with the highest and lowest phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity. Among the white wines, Italian Riesling had the lowest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Taken together, a close relationship between phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity, for all wines, was observed.     

Exploring the effect of microwave treatment on phenolic flavonoids,antioxidant capacity,and phenolic in vitro bioaccessibility of sorghum

The effect of microwave treatment on phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic in vitro bioaccessibility of white and red sorghum was evaluated. After microwave treatment for 40 s, the contents of free, bound, and total phenolics in white and red sorghum increased by 15.6–42.6, 4.0–23.4, and 19.7–66.0 mg gallic acid equivalents 100 g⁻¹ dry weight (DW), respectively, and the contents of free, bound, and total flavonoids increased by 9.4–11.2, 4.8–5.4, and 14.2–16.6 mg rutin equivalents 100 g⁻¹ DW, respectively. With increasing microwave treatment time, the contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids in white and red sorghum first increased and then decreased. Additionally, the changes in antioxidant capacity indicated a similar trend with phenolic contents for white and red sorghum. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion indicated that microwave treatment had no effect on the phenolic bioaccessibility of white and red sorghum but increased the release amount of phenolic acid and antioxidant capacity.     

The antioxidant capacity of red wine in relationship with its polyphenolic constituents

The “antioxidant power” of a food is an expression of its capability both to defend the human organism from the action of the free radicals and to prevent degenerative disorders deriving from persistent oxidative stress. Purpose of this study is to analyse the antioxidant capacity (measured by means of the crocin bleaching method) of several samples of Sicilian red wines and to evaluate their dependency on the vintage and on the grape variety. Finally, the correlation between the single flavonoids compounds and the antioxidant capacity has been investigated. The analyses show that the antioxidant properties of red wine appear to be unequally influenced by the vintages for the different cultivars and that the correlation between antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic contents is weak. The latter can be explained by the fact that the wine’s antioxidant properties are influenced differently by each polyphenolic molecule.