青霉P-1007产酸性蛋白酶的条件和酶学性质

对青霉（Penicillium）P-1007产酸性蛋白酶固体发酵条件优化和酶学性质进行了研究。结果表明：最佳固体发酵培养基为：麦麸15g，黄豆粉10g，葡萄糖3g，NaH2PO41．5g，CuSO41．5g，水35mL；最佳培养条件为起始pH7．0，温度40℃所产酸性蛋白酶的最佳反应pH5．5，温度50℃，50％保温Rh后其相对酶活在83％以上，pH5．5、60℃水浴2h后其相对酶活达60％。5mmol／L的MnCh、CuSO4均对该酶有激活作用，而其它金属盐类对该酶有不同程度的抑制作用。     

青霉(Penicillium)P-1007产酸性蛋白酶的条件和酶学性质

本文报道了青霉(Penicillium)P-1007产酸性蛋白酶固体发酵条件优化和酶学性质的研究结果。适合该菌株的最佳固体发酵培养基为:麦麸15g,黄豆粉10g,葡萄糖3g,NaH2PO41.5g,CuSO41.5g,水35mL,最佳起始pH7.0,最适温度40℃。该酸性蛋白酶的最佳反应pH为5.5,最佳反应温度为50℃。50℃条件下保温8h后其相对酶活在83%以上,pH值为5.5条件下60℃水浴2h后,测定其相对酶活可达60%。5×10-3mol/L的MnCL2、CuSO4均对该酶有激活作用,而其他金属盐类对该酶有不同程度的抑制作用。     

产酸性果胶酶菌株的筛选及固体发酵工艺条件和酶水解特性的研究

本研究从土壤中分离筛选到一株产酸性果胶酶的菌株WY9,经分子生物学鉴定,菌株WY9初步鉴定为棘孢曲霉(Aspergillus aculeatus)。该菌株的最适固体发酵工艺条件为:发酵基料为玉米胚芽粕,每克基料添加NH_4H_2PO_40.06g、Mg_SO_40.04g,发酵基料含水量为65%,pH值为3,发酵温度为30℃,发酵时间为84h,在此条件下酸性果胶酶酶活达2200U/g干曲。该酶水解果胶的最适温度为50℃,最适pH为3.5,在温度低于60℃和pH2.5～4.5之间具有良好的稳定性。     

中性蛋白酶芽孢杆菌BX-4产酶条件及部分酶学性质

采用稀释平板分离法从土壤中分离到一株产中性蛋白酶芽孢杆菌BX-4．通过单因素碳、氮源以及正交试验确定了最佳产酶培养基配方，同时还研究了起始pH值、金属离子、接种量对产酶的影响以及温度、pH值、金属离子以及表面活性剂对酶稳定性的影响；以最佳培养基为发酵培养基，于37℃、160r／min振荡培养48h，酶活达2519．35U／mL；该酶最适作用温度为55℃，最适作用PH值为7．5，在pH7．5缓冲体系中，55℃反应60min后仍有50％的酶活力，Ca^2＋和表面活性剂对酶有一定的激活作用，但激活作用不明显。     

耐热纤维素酶产生菌的筛选、鉴定及产酶条件优化

从温泉热源地区采集的大量泥土和水样中，筛选出一株在60℃生长的纤维素酶产生菌SH2。结合菌株的生理生化特性分析与Biolog微生物自动鉴定仪的鉴定结果，命名为热葡糖苷酶地芽孢杆菌（Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius）SH2，该菌株兼性好氧，在45～60℃能较好地生长。对菌体生长与产酶培养条件优化表明：初始pH值为5．5，碳、氮源分别为蔗糖和玉米浆时有利于产酶，经48h发酵后纤维素酶酶活达0．36IU／mL。纤维素酶反应条件研究表明，该纤维素酶的最适pH值为6．0，在pH4．0～10．0范围具有较强的耐受性；在45～65℃间酶活差异仅在5％之内，显示了很好的温度耐受性。     

青霉菌P1木聚糖酶固态发酵研究

研究了青霉菌P1菌株产木聚糖酶的时间曲线，氮源组成，添加物，发酵起始pH值，接种量及发酵温度对产酶的影响。该菌经28℃培养4天，酶活力可达1353．5Iu／g干培养基。酶的最适反应温度为50℃，最适PH为4．6。该酶在50℃以下时热稳定性较高。     

绿僵菌Ma83固态发酵几丁质酶和部分酶学性质的初步研究

研究了金龟子绿僵菌MetarhiziumanisopliaeMa83菌株产几丁质酶的固态发酵条件和粗酶液的酶学性质。研究结果显示 ,当以麸皮∶蚕蛹粉为 3∶1作为培养基 ,最适氮源为1%NaNO3,起始pH为 6 5 ,发酵温度为 31℃ ,接种量为 2mL液态种子时酶活力最高。此外 ,添加稻壳对Ma83产几丁质酶有促进作用。该菌株在生长 2d时 ,酶活力达 33 9U /g干培养基。酶的最适反应温度为 5 0℃ ,最适反应 pH为 6 0 ;不同温度保温 1h后 ,酶的半失活温度为 42℃。不同 pH值的缓冲溶液中 (2 5℃ )放置 1h后 ,酶在pH 5 0～ 6 0条件下稳定性最高     

克鲁维酵母固体发酵高产菊粉酶的研究

首次利用固体发酵对筛选得到的一株克鲁维酵母S120高产菊粉酶的发酵工艺进行了初步研究。结果表明：麸皮是菌株S120产酶的最适基质，10％菊芋粉和0．5％硫酸铵有助于产酶；优化培养条件为：在300ml三角瓶中装料量20．0g，含水量为66％（V／W），起始pH5．7，培养温度34℃，接种量3．9％（V／W），发酵72h，菊粉酶酶活为118．28U／g（干重）。菌株S120菊粉酶的合成属于延续合成型，在工业生产中具有应用前景。     

产右旋糖酐酶埃氏交替单胞菌的筛选、鉴定及酶活分析

从连云港港口海泥样本筛选到一株产右旋糖酐酶的埃氏交替单胞菌A.espejiana YSN412,对其所产的右旋糖酐酶AesDEX酶学性质进行了分析,对其产酶条件进行了摸索AesDEX最适反应温度为30℃,最适pH值为8在30 ℃下保温2.5h.残余相对酶活在95％以上,而在50℃下保温2.5h后只有14％的残余酶活力.该菌株产酶培养的最佳碳源和氮源,分别是纤维二糖和酵母粉,最适产酶培养温度为30℃,NaCl浓度为2％,初始pH为8时培养液酶活力最高.该菌株培养12h时培养液酶活力达到最高值9U/mL本实验筛选到的4.espejiana YSN412菌株产酶较为迅速,所产的右旋糖酐酶AesDEX酶活最适温度较低,在工业生产上具有潜在降低成本、提高生产效率的优势.     

一株高产果胶酶的真菌分离鉴定及酶学特性

以果胶为唯一碳源,对采集自湖南武冈市脐橙果园土样（pH 5.5～6.5）进行富集筛选,分离得到一株产果胶酶的菌株,编号为BM201。根据形态学观察、ITS rDNA及28S rDNA D1/D2序列同源性比对及系统进化分析对菌株进行多相鉴定,初步将该菌株鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）BM201。该菌株发酵产酶条件为30 ℃、160 r/min摇床发酵培养3 d,在该条件下获得的果胶酶酶活为421 U/L。该酶最适反应温度为50 ℃,在30～50 ℃条件下处理60 min,该酶的相对酶活在80%以上,表明该酶的热稳定性较好;该酶的最适作用pH值为5.0,在pH 4.0～7.0下处理60 min,该酶的相对酶活在50%以上,表明该酶在酸性条件下的稳定性较好。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.