超声波辅助提取芦笋总皂苷的工艺

采用Box-Behnken设计和响应面分析法,对芦笋总皂苷的超声辅助提取工艺进行优化。以提取温度、提取时间及超声功率为自变量,芦笋总皂苷得率为响应值,研究各自变量及其交互作用对超声波辅助提取法提取芦笋总皂苷得率的影响。结果表明：最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数95%、提取温度71℃、提取时间23min、超声功率70W、提取次数2次,在此条件下获得总皂苷的提取率为23.96mg/g。     

二次通用旋转设计优化绞股蓝皂苷的提取工艺参数

为获得绞股蓝皂苷提取的最佳工艺参数,采用二次通用旋转设计方法,以料液比、提取温度、提取时间为自变量,绞股蓝皂苷的得率为因变量,对影响绞股蓝总皂苷提取工艺的因素进行了优选.结果表明:3个因子对绞股蓝皂苷得率的影响大小依次为提取温度＞提取时间＞料液比,提取时间、提取温度对提取效果有极显著影响,料液比对提取效果有显著影响,且料液比和提取时间、提取时间和提取温度间交互作用显著.通过软件模拟优化后得到绞股蓝皂苷提取的最佳工艺参数为:料液比35(体积分数)、提取温度81℃、提取时间88min,绞股蓝皂苷的得率为8.12%.二次通用旋转设计优选绞股蓝皂苷的提取工艺,方法简单,预测性良好,对工业生产优化绞股蓝总皂苷的提取工艺提供了可行性依据.     

响应面法优化小花玄参总皂苷提取工艺研究

以小花玄参总皂苷得率为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法研究提取溶剂、萃取溶剂、微波功率、温度、时间和液固比等因素对小花玄参总皂苷提取的主效应和交互作用,并建立总皂苷得率与因素间的二次回归模型。结果表明:该回归模型极显著,预测性强;提取时间、提取温度及液固比是影响得率的主要因素;优化得到的最佳提取工艺条件:以70%乙醇溶液作提取剂,正丁醇作萃取剂,微波功率为450 W,提取温度为65℃,提取时间为11 min,液固比为22:1,在此条件下总皂苷得率为1.507%。     

微波辅助超声法提取刺梨总皂苷的工艺研究

以刺梨为原料,采用微波辅助超声法提取刺梨中的总皂苷。在单因素试验基础上,根据中心组合试验设计（CCD）原理,以总皂苷得率为考察指标,对提取工艺条件进行响应面试验设计优化。结果表明,微波辅助超声法提取刺梨总皂苷最佳工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数54%、液料比15∶1（mL∶g）、微波功率545 W、超声时间22 min。在此优化工艺条件下,刺梨总皂苷得率实际值为4.18%,与理论值之间的相对误差为0.7%,充分说明了试验所建立模型的稳定性和可靠性。     

微波辅助酶法提取绞股蓝皂苷工艺优化

为改善传统水提法提取得率低的问题,研究微波辅助酶法提取绞股蓝皂苷工艺。采用响应面法筛选酶法提取中复合酶的最佳配比,确定了复合酶最佳配比为果胶酶-半纤维素酶-纤维素酶质量比为4∶5∶5,再利用单因素试验结合Box-Behnken设计法优化提取工艺。结果表明：影响微波辅助酶法提取绞股蓝皂苷主要因素为复合酶添加量、酶解温度、酶解时间、微波时间,优化得到的最佳工艺参数为复合酶添加量1.8%、酶解温度52 ℃、酶解时间2 h、微波时间4 min,此工艺条件下绞股蓝皂苷得率为7.88%。该提取方法与传统水提法相比,产品得率增加了68%,且提取温度较低,工艺可操作性强。     

响应面法优化绞股蓝皂苷微波辅助-超声提取工艺

以绞股蓝为原料,采用微波超声双辅助提取皂苷。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面分析法优化提取工艺,建立二次多项数学模型。结果表明,绞股蓝皂苷微波超声双辅助提取的最优工艺参数为:微波功率400 W、超声时间60 min、乙醇浓度80%、超声温度为51℃、微波时间117 s、液料比28∶1(m L/g),此条件下绞股蓝皂苷提取率为7.05%,与预测值的相对误差约为0.57%,试验值与预测值相吻合。     

响应曲面法优化超声—微波协同提取百合渣中总皂苷工艺的研究

以宜兴百合淀粉生产过程中产生的副产物百合渣为原料,采用超声-微波协同提取工艺提取其中的总皂苷,通过乙醇浓度、液料比、微波功率、提取时间各单因素实验确定各因素对总皂苷得率的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,根据Box-Behnken实验原理,采用了四因素三水平的响应面分析法,以总皂苷的得率作为响应值,根据所得实验结果进行回归分析,优选出提取的最佳工艺为:乙醇浓度77%,液料比11∶1(mL/g),微波功率503W,提取时间139s,在此最佳条件下,测得总皂苷的得率为6.59‰。该工艺运用了超声与微波的协同效应,集取了超声与微波二者优势,具有提取时间短、效率高的优点。     

燕麦麸皮皂苷超声辅助提取工艺优化及其 抗氧化活性研究

目的优化燕麦麸皮皂苷超声辅助提取工艺并研究其体外抗氧化能力。方法在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面分析法考察乙醇的体积分数、超声功率、超声时间、浸提温度、浸提时间对皂苷提取得率的影响,得出最佳的提取条件,并对DPPH、羟自由基、ABTS和超氧阴离子自由基清除能力进行分析。结果最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数90%、超声功率284 W,超声时间11 min、浸提温度70℃、浸提时间180 min,提取得率为(3.17±0.1)g/100 g。燕麦麸皮皂苷清除DPPH、羟自由基、ABTS和超氧阴离子自由基的能力随浓度的增加呈递增趋势。在1.0~5.0mg/mL的范围内,最高清除率分别为:25.94%、85.07%、61.72%、22.60%。结论该工艺简单、合理、耗能低,燕麦皂苷的提取率高且具有一定的抗氧化能力,为其综合利用奠定了基础。     

正交试验法优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油工艺

以干燥的树莓籽为原料,正己烷为提取有机溶剂,优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳工艺。在微波温度、料液比、微波时间和微波功率4个单因素实验的基础上,采用正交试验法优化微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,在所考察的各个因素中,微波功率对树莓籽油的提取得率影响最大,其次是微波时间和微波温度,料液比对树莓籽油的得率影响最小。微波辅助提取树莓籽油的最佳提取工艺条件为A2B3C3D1,即浸提树莓籽油宜选用的条件为微波温度55℃,微波时间9min,料液比1∶16(g/m L),微波功率400W。在此最佳提取条件下,微波辅助提取树莓籽油得率为16.52%。     

水溶性绞股蓝皂苷和多糖提取工艺

以绞股蓝为原料,采用热水浸提、超声波强化、大孔树脂层析等方法,对绞股蓝中的主要活性成分皂苷和多耱进行综合提取、分离和纯化.通过正交试验对提取工艺条件进行优化,得出最佳工艺条件为超声波功率20W、作用时间15 min、85℃、pH9.绞股蓝皂苷的得率和纯度分别为3.06%和90.16%;绞股蓝多糖的得率和纯度分别为10.34%和81.52%.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.