集成运算放大器在汽车中的应用

集成运算放大器的典型应用是运算电路和电压比较器,这使得集成运算放大器在汽车中的应用非常广泛。本文主要介绍了减法运算电路构成的进气压力传感器,以及由电压比较器构成的汽车充电系统电压监视器电路。通过Multisim仿真软件搭建电路,并进行仿真,对集成运算放大器构成的运算电路和电压比较器有了一个全面的认识,加深了理论知识的理解和掌握。     

三相变频矩阵式电路运算形式

三相变频电路的矩阵计算是破解变频电路的难题之一,也为高等数学矩阵运算应用于电力电子拖动系统的重要体现,本文从矩阵运算的基本方法出发,借助于三相电路电压与电流的基本性质,运用矩阵方式进行了运算推论,在理清矩阵运算的同时,给出基本的表现形式,以引导研究者和学习者,进一步认识矩阵变频电路的特性.     

生化分析仪两种对数放大电路的设计

设计了两种用于生化分析仪器的对数放大电路,通过实验得出了对数放大电路的数学表达式。实验证明,两种电路都能很好地完成对数运算。但采用LOG102的对数放大电路具有更高的运算精度。     

高精度对数运算电路在激光光洁度检测仪中的应用

对数运算电路的输入与输出电压之间呈对数关系,根据这种关系可以设计出一种十分有用的非线性函数运算电路。本文就这种电路在激光光洁度检测仪中的应用进行了讨论,阐述了其原理、电路的比较、温度补偿,元件的选择及电路的调整,并给出了实用电路。图12,表1,参5。     

杂散电容对交流法微电容测量电路噪声特性影响的分析

对电容成像交流法微电容测量电路由杂散电容导致的测量噪声进行了研究.利用运算放大器的噪声模型,对运算放大器输入电压噪声、输人电流噪声以及周边电阻元件的热噪声通过杂散电容作用于交流法微电容测量电路输出的影响进行了理论分析,给出了测量电路输出中噪声峰峰值的理论计算公式并进行了实验验证.理论分析及实验结果表明:交流法微电容测量电路前级运算放大器输入电压噪声通过测量端与地之间的杂散电容形成的噪声是该微电容测量电路输出噪声的主要来源.最后给出了电容成像系统前级运算放大器选型的指导原则.     

对数模型在减小电桥桥源误差中的应用

通过研究对数运算电路独特的运算特性,设计出一种满足消除电桥参考电压影响的电路模型,为高精度电桥类传感器设计提供了一种独特的减小失调误差影响的手段.     

运算放大器应用电路

概述过去,作为模拟计算机的基本元件是用电子管或晶体管等独立元件组成的运算放大器,因为这种放大器成本高,故一般不太应用。随着单块集成技术的发展,性能高、成本低的集成式运算放大器试制成功后,在控制设备、仪表及其他领域里已广泛地使用着运算放大器。运算放大器可控制DC～10KHz左右的频率的信号,在模拟电路上几乎全部可以应用,因为分立电路,不需要复杂的偏电路,所以很容易使用。因为实际电路和计算电路非常一致,这样就可以简化电路的设计。采用运算放大器709型的μPC55A及741型的μPC151A的实际电路作以下介绍。     

流水线模数转换器中的宽带电流型运算放大器

针对高清视频信号处理对动态范围大,运算速度快的模数转换器(ADC)的要求,提出了一种流水线宽带电流型运算放大器。该运算放大器的主放大器采用套筒式增益提高结构,辅助运算放大器用电流型放大器替代。采用电流共模反馈电路调节主运算放大器的支路电流以稳定输出共模电平;采用TSMC 0.18μm CMOS工艺设计电路。实验结果显示:辅助运算放大器采用源极输入,减小了信号主通路上的寄生电容,提高了整个运算放大器的电路速度。运算放大器的增益为83.19dB,相位裕度为61.6°,单位增益带宽为1.6GHz,功耗为9.3mW;在满幅度阶跃输入的情况下,输出建立时间小于1.83ns。将该运算放大器用于高清视频信号的流水线ADC中,实现了170MS/s,10bit精度的模数转换。同传统的电压型运算放大器相比,该运算放大器响应速度更快,功耗更低,可满足处理视频信号的要求。     

传感器实用电路基础

第二讲 传感器电路中的 运算放大器 运算放大器具有增益高、共模抑制比高,输入阻抗高、输出阻抗低、电源电压变动适应范围宽、工作频率范围宽以及稳定性好等特点,它广泛地用于传感器电路中。以下对运算放大器的主要参数和在模拟运算中的应用作概要说明。     

基于电流信号加减运算的电流型CMOS电路设计

以传输电流开关理论为基础,分析了电流信号的相加与相减运算及其电路的实现方法,并利用该设计方法设计了模3加和2位二值全加器的电流型CMOS电路。设计结果表明利用电流信号相加和相减运算的设计方法可以使电路结构得到显著简化,计算机模拟表明该方法设计的电路具有正确的逻辑功能。该集成电路可应用在光学仪器的控制电路中。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.