连续变温法测定多晶纯铝晶界内耗峰

采用可连续变温测量的多功能内耗仪在离散振动频率分别为0.2,0.3,1.0,2.0和3.0 Hz的条件下测定了多晶纯铝在25℃450℃升降温过程中的内耗峰值温度和相对动力学模量,并根据Arrhenius关系式计算了升降温过程中的扩散激活能和内耗行为特征。结果表明:多晶纯铝在受迫振动时,其升温和降温的内耗品质因子倒数曲线上均出现一个内耗峰,随着离散振动频率的增大,内耗峰峰位向高温方向移动,说明该内耗峰具有弛豫性;该内耗峰是晶界内耗峰,其机制为铝原子在铝/铝晶界的自扩散,其激活能为(2.24±0.03)×10-19J,指数前因子0τ为10-14s。     

宏观石墨颗粒对工业纯铝阻尼性能的影响

运用空气加压渗流技术制备了宏观石墨颗粒增强的工业纯铝金属基复合材料,在25～400℃温度范围和频率为0.5,1.0和3.0 Hz条件下在多功能内耗仪上测量了不同材料的内耗和相对动力学模量;用透射电子显微镜对材料的显微组织进行了观察;依据内耗测量和微观分析讨论了宏观石墨颗粒对工业纯铝阻尼行为的影响.结果表明:复合材料的阻尼性能随着宏观石墨颗粒体积分数的增加而增大,阻尼性能比致密工业纯铝提高了2～3倍.     

稀土Ce对2090铝锂合金晶界内耗的影响

运用低频内耗技术研究了稀土元素Ｃｅ在２０９０铝锂合金中的行为，结果表明，微量固溶的Ｃｅ可提高合金晶界激活能，从而改善金晶界强度；稀土元素Ｃｅ可减小合金热循环模量软化倾向，有利于合金高温性能的提高。     

泡沫铝材料的阻尼机制

采用空气加压渗流工艺制备了孔直径为0.8~1.4 mm、孔体积分数高达76%的宏观孔开孔泡沫铝材料,采用多功能内耗仪测试了泡沫铝在不同温度、不同频率和不同振幅下的内耗谱特征,研究了泡沫铝的阻尼性能,分析了其阻尼机制。结果表明:泡沫铝主要有三种阻尼机制,一是孔周围的应力集中和模式转换,二是孔洞/金属基体界面处由于动力学模量相差很大而使机械能转化为热能,三是孔洞发生不均匀的膨胀或畸变使外加应变能耗散为热能。     

宏观孔对锌铝共析合金阻尼行为的影响

采用空气加压渗流技术制备了含宏观孔的锌铝共析合金,在25～400℃、低频率和低应变振幅条件下用多功能内耗仪测试了该合金的内耗和相对动力学模量,研究了宏观孔对其阻尼行为的影响。结果表明:宏观孔的引入提高了锌铝合金的阻尼性能,与致密锌铝合金相比提高了2～4倍;合金的阻尼性能随着宏观孔的减小、宏观孔孔隙率的增加、频率的减小和应变振幅的增加而增大。     

低密度TiB_2/铝基复合材料的显微组织与内耗性能

为了获得具有良好显微组织和内耗性能的TiB2增强铝基复合材料,采用K2TiF6和KBF4混合盐放热反应(LSM)法制备了TiB2/铝基复合材料,采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪等对所制备的复合材料进行了表征,并对其内耗性能进行了研究.结果表明:采用LSM法制备的TiB2/g基复合材料密度低于3.5 g·cm-3,原位生成的TiB2增强相细小且分布均匀,复合材料具备较好的内耗性能(内耗值为6.65×10-3左右),是一种低密度高内耗的复合材料.     

多孔Ni-Ti合金低频内耗行为的实验研究

利用LMR-1型低频力学驰豫谱测量系统,以强迫振动方式在0℃～200℃温度范围内对多孔Ni-Ti形状记忆合金进行了内耗性能测试研究.结果表明:马氏体正逆相变温度内耗表现上有峰值出现,认为是相变过程中运动或静止的界面在外加交变应力作用下驰豫造成的,为设计多孔Ni-Ti合金在耗能减振方面的应用提供依据.     

淬火温度对铜铝锰形状记忆合金两个内耗峰的影响

利用倒扭摆内耗仪研究了淬火温度对Cu-11.9Al-2.5Mn形状记忆合金升温过程中两个内耗峰的影响.结果表明：高温峰源于逆马氏体相变,低温峰则由孪晶畴的细化所引起.低温峰在淬火温度为700℃时有一最小值之后随淬火温度的升高而升高,因为在较高温度淬火可产生较大尺寸的孪晶,从而有利于孪晶畴界的移动.高温峰开始随温度升高而增大,在700℃淬火时达到最高值,淬火温度更高时反而降低,这与高温淬火引入的缺陷密度有关.     

SiC颗粒增强镁-锌-锆基复合材料的阻尼性能

采用热压烧结法制备了三种不同成分的SiC颗粒增强镁-锌-锆基复合材料,使用LMR-1型低频力学弛豫谱测试系统研究了铸态镁-锌-锆合金及热压烧结SiCp/镁-锌-锆基复合材料的阻尼性能随频率和温度的变化关系.结果表明:SiC颗粒的加入使复合材料的阻尼性能比基体合金有显著提高;另外随着合金中锌含量的增加,复合材料的内耗值不断下降;在频率为3×10-3～7Hz范围内,基体合金及复合材料的内耗值均随着频率的增加先快速减小随后又逐渐增大;在本试验条件下SiCp/Mg-0.93%Zn-0.70%Zr基复合材料的内耗值最大,该复合材料在50～100℃的温度范围内出现弛豫内耗峰.     

孔结构对多孔铝吸声性能的影响

利用驻波管法测量了不同孔结构的多孔铝在声波频率为１２５－４０００Ｈｚ时的空气声吸收系数。结果表明,它与多孔铝结构有密切关系,即随孔径的减小和试样厚度的增加而增大,当孔隙率达到某一临界值时可获得最佳吸声效果。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.