电磁轨道炮电枢接触界面温度场仿真研究

电磁轨道炮的电枢与轨道界面热特性影响枢轨接触状况和其系统发射性能.对轨道炮枢轨界面的摩擦因数和界面间的接触电阻特性进行分析;建立由焦耳热和摩擦热引起的瞬态温度场仿真模型,并进行有限元求解;依据试验回收电枢的接触表面状况,对电枢接触面经历的温度分布及变化特性进行分析.结果表明:从电枢头部至尾部,焦耳热分布呈现梯度分布,聚集在尾部局部的热量对电枢损伤严重;摩擦热只分布在接触界面的薄层区域内,随着电枢的滑动和磨损,摩擦热耗散在铝熔层上,因而对电枢热性能影响较小.     

基于ANSYS的电磁轨道炮C型固体电枢有限元分析

电磁轨道炮发射技术在军事领域有着广阔的应用前景。电枢作为电磁轨道炮的关键部件之一,其结构尺寸直接影响到电磁轨道炮的发射性能。依据麦克斯韦方程组,推导出一般形式的电磁场偏微分方程,即轨道炮磁场数值计算的公式。利用ANSYS分析软件,建立有限元分析模型,对电磁轨道炮发射系统进行数值模拟,对电枢受力进行分析,寻找电枢电流密度分布规律。研究成果可以降低研究成本,缩短研究周期,对电磁轨道炮C型固体电枢的研究与设计有重要参考意义。     

电磁发射装置轨道及壁板的物性参数选择对其力学性能的影响

通过将方口径电磁轨道发射装置的发射轨道和壁板简化为有限长双层弹性基础梁,结合双层梁的力学平衡方程和"广义克雷洛夫函数",导出了轨道(上梁)及壁板(下梁)在电磁力和电枢对轨道接触力的作用下的挠度解析表达式。结合算例,讨论了在工作状态下,轨道和壁板的材料性能参数、几何参数等,对其变形和应力状态带来的影响。研究结果可供方口径电磁轨道发射装置的参数选择、优化设计及动力分析打下基础,且可供航空、航天、船舶工程、土木工程中的相关设计计算参考。     

电磁发射装置轨道及壁板的物性参数选择对其力学性能的影响

通过将方口径电磁轨道发射装置的发射轨道和壁板简化为有限长双层弹性基础梁,结合双层梁的力学平衡方程和"广义克雷洛夫函数",导出了轨道(上梁)及壁板(下梁)在电磁力和电枢对轨道接触力的作用下的挠度解析表达式。结合算例,讨论了在工作状态下,轨道和壁板的材料性能参数、几何参数等,对其变形和应力状态带来的影响。研究结果可供方口径电磁轨道发射装置的参数选择、优化设计及动力分析打下基础,且可供航空、航天、船舶工程、土木工程中的相关设计计算参考。     

电磁轨道发射过程中电枢与导轨的力学特性

通过计算电枢移动过程中电枢附近的磁场分布以及通过电枢的电流密度分布,可以得到电枢上各点的洛仑兹力,积分后可得整个电枢受到的推力.同时考虑电流通过电枢时的电磁热效应产生的膨胀量及导轨与电枢间的摩擦,可以得到电枢在导轨内运动过程中的受力、速度变化.在此基础上利用Ansys软件建立发射状态时的三维计算模型,结合之前理论分析来定义边界条件、接触条件以及电枢推力曲线.通过具体算例,分析导轨与电枢间接触应力分布随电枢移动的变化,讨论相关物理量与材料性质、接触条件等的关系,从而为电磁轨道发射装置的强度设计提供依据.     

有碴轨道起道过程有限元分析

清筛机作为常用的铁路养护机械,在清筛有碴轨道时需要将轨道提高并与道碴分离,而整个起道过程会出现提轨高度不足、钢轨变形不确定和钢轨应力变化不明确等问题。以60kg/m的无限平直钢轨在RM-80型清筛机起道过程为研究对象,运用有限元分析软件Workbench对有碴轨道起道过程进行分析,得出起道力与钢轨等效应力和钢轨形变的变化规律,并与实际测量值验证,得出模型分析与实测基本吻合。进而得出U74型钢轨的最大起道力不能超过131.89k N,而其余类型的钢轨的最大起道力则达到140k N。为清筛机清筛不同钢轨类型的有碴轨道提出了理论依据。     

增强型电磁轨道炮电磁结构耦合有限元分析及结构优化设计

以增强型电磁轨道炮为研究对象,利用Ansoft Maxwell和ANSYS Workbench软件建立了轨道炮的电磁结构耦合有限元模型,通过Ansoft Maxwell电磁场有限元分析得到了电枢和导轨的电磁力分布情况,把电磁力作为载荷导入ANSYS Workbench中,对轨道炮的主体结构进行了动力学分析,得到结构的等效应力和变形分布情况。基于正交试验优化方法,对轨道炮的结构关键设计参数进行了优化设计,使优化后结构的强度和刚度满足实际需求。     

高铁用嵌入式轨道结构系统刚度设计与研究

利用有限元软件ANSYS建立了详细的嵌入式轨道有限元模型,分析了影响嵌入式轨道整体刚度的因素及其具体范围.得到了轨道槽内各个部件对嵌入式轨道整体刚度的贡献量,结构部件参数对嵌入式轨道整体刚度的影响曲线以及在满足轨道刚度要求下的槽内部件的建议参数.研究结果表明:浮轨式扣件对轨道整体横向刚度的贡献较大,高分子浇注料对轨道整体垂向和横向刚度的影响相当,降噪块对轨道整体横向刚度的贡献略大于垂向,轨垫主要是在垂向整体刚度方面起决定作用.为了使高铁用嵌入式轨道与扣件式轨道刚度一致,建议:高分子材料弹性模量取为15 MPa;降噪块弹性模量取为20 MPa;轨下垫板的弹性模量取为2.4 MPa;浮轨式扣件在间距1 m的情况下,横向刚度取为50 kN/mm.     

基于轨道根数的低轨卫星轨道预测算法

光电设备因太阳夹角变化、轨道遮挡等原因无法对卫星进行自动跟踪时,需要对卫星轨道进行预测。本文针对利用卫星轨道根数进行轨道预报时难以同时满足实时性和精度要求的问题,提出了一种新的基于轨道根数的卫星轨道预测方法。分析了卫星轨道的运行规律,根据低轨卫星的运行特点,利用椭圆曲线对卫星轨道进行预测,并对卫星轨道的轨道方程进行了近似处理。通过引入一些冗余变量简化了卫星轨道解算模型,在保证计算实时性的前提下,大大提高了轨道预测精度。实验显示:采用线性外推方法对卫星轨道进行预测时,预测5s后,轨道预测的偏差会增大到10″,而采用本文提出的基于轨道根数的卫星轨道预测算法,预测50s后的最大预测偏差均不超过2″,极大地提高了卫星轨道预测精度,实现了光电设备在无法对卫星进行自动跟踪时,能够对卫星进行"盲跟踪"。     

铁路起重机回转小车轨道制造技术研究及应用

铁路起重机型号、规格逐渐向大型、重型结构方向发展,小车的体积和质量也随之变大。在保证小车结构、起升速度、回转运行速度、吊装载荷不变的情况下,为实现系统运行平稳、提高精度的要求,对相关结构制造提出了更高要求。回转轨道及反滚轮轨道作为回转小车系统的核心部件,是保证小车系统在复杂工装下能平稳运行的关键。其中,回转轨道的耐磨性能和尺寸精度以及回转轨道和反滚轮轨道组合精度要求高,文中通过下料、制造、安装技术与材料的选择方面以及焊接技术方面的优化改进,采取有效的控制措施,并结合具体项目中的实践论证,提高了轨道尺寸精度、轨道硬度,延长了轨道使用寿命,整体制造水平得到了提升,质量得到了改善。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.