Nd_8Fe_(82)Co_3Nb_1B_6合金晶化行为及磁性能研究

用DTA及XRD研究了Nd8Fe82Co3Nb1B6合金的晶化行为。结果表明,α-Fe软磁相和Nd2Fe14B硬磁相的表观激活能分别为309.8 kJ/mol和363.6 kJ/mol,且α-Fe相和Nd2Fe14B相晶化激活能整体均呈下降趋势。快淬合金经670℃/30 min退火处理后,其最佳磁性能为:Br=0.85 T,Hcj=152 kA/m,(BH)max=47.5 kJ/m3。     

工业生产条件下烧结温度对粉末冶金Fe-Cu-C合金组织和性能的影响

在实际工业生产条件下采用粉末冶金技术制备Fe-Cu-C合金,研究了烧结温度(1 060～1 160℃)对其密度、显微组织、物相组成、力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着烧结温度的升高,合金的密度先增大后降低,并在1 140℃时达到最大值(7.02 g·cm-3);随着烧结温度的升高,合金组织中颗粒的球化程度提高,孔隙的尺寸减小、数量降低,显微组织趋于稳定,铜相衍射峰消失,Fe4Cu3相衍射峰出现;合金的抗拉强度、硬度随烧结温度的变化趋势与密度的基本相同,且均在1 140℃时达到最大值,分别为460 MPa,185 HRB,拉伸断口均主要呈脆性断裂特征;工业生产条件下制备的合金的力学性能指标基本与在实验室条件下制备的相吻合。     

TiC含量和烧结工艺对AlN-TiC复相陶瓷烧结性能的影响

以AlN和TiC粉为原料,采用热压烧结工艺制备AlN-TiC复相陶瓷,研究了TiC含量、烧结工艺对复相陶瓷烧结性能的影响。结果表明:在烧结过程中复相陶瓷没有新相生成,由AlN和TiC两相组成;在1 900℃下烧结1h后,可以制备出致密的A1N-TiC复相陶瓷,其相对密度达到了99%以上,TiC的加入量对复相陶瓷的烧结性能无影响。     

三元碳化物Al_4SiC_4对无压烧结β-SiC的影响

采用物相分析、相对密度测试及显微形貌观察等研究了不同烧结温度下三元碳化物Al4SiC4作为烧结助剂对无压烧结β-SiC的物相组成、相对密度及显微结构的影响。结果表明:在烧结过程中,Al4SiC4在高温下会分解生成铝,铝原子进入β-SiC晶格中促进了β-SiC向α-SiC的转变;而随着烧结温度的升高,烧结体的相对密度增大;随Al4SiC4加入量的增多,烧结体的密度先升后降;在1 900℃下,Al4SiC4的加入量为5%(质量分数)时,烧结体的相对密度最大,结构最致密。     

热重分析仪TGA测定磁性材料的相转变

本文利用带有磁场的热重分析仪(M -TGA)对Fe3B合金中加入元素Nd造成的合金相转变和各相含量等进行研究。研究发现,在Fe3B合金中加入适量的稀土元素Nd将导致合金相组成由四角Fe3B(t-Fe3B)变为t-Fe3B和亚稳相Nd2 Fe2 3B3。与常规热分析仪器DTA相比,高灵敏的M -TGA可以更加清楚地观察到具有铁磁性转变的磁性材料相变过程     

放电等离子烧结工艺制备致密碳化硅陶瓷

以SiC微粉为原料,并添加质量分数为10%的Al2O3和Y2O3为烧结助剂,采用放电等离子烧(SPS)技术快速制备了SiC陶瓷,对烧结致密化过程、SPS烧结温度、烧结压力及烧结时间对致密化的影响进行了研究,并通过XRD和SEM等检测手段对SPS烧结得到烧结体的显微组织和物相组成进行了分析.结果表明:SiC的SPS烧结过程可分为放气膨胀区、气体溢出收缩区、烧结收缩区、烧结完成区四阶段,最佳的烧结参数为1600℃,50 MPa,5min,所得的烧结体致密度达99.09%.     

4D打印热塑性聚氨酯/钕铁硼磁性复合材料成形工艺与性能研究

传统的3D打印技术逐渐无法满足高端制造领域对构件的要求,材料-结构-功能一体化增材制造即4D打印技术将是新的发展方向。为此,选取热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/钕铁硼(NdFeB)磁性复合材料体系,采用激光选区烧结(Selective laser sintering,SLS)工艺成形具有不同Nd FeB含量的复合材料成形件,研究了复合粉末的粒度及其分布、微观形貌、成形前后化学基团演变,成形件晶体结构、力学性能及变形行为,结果表明Nd Fe B含量会影响复合材料成形件的力学性能和变形行为,增加Nd Fe B含量能够增大成形件在磁场中受到的作用力;当Nd Fe B含量在复合材料中质量分数为30%时,复合材料成形件拥有最佳的拉伸强度。本研究将TPU/NdFeB复合材料体系作为一种创新的4D打印材料,成形的磁性智能构件在磁场中发生变形,实现了磁场驱动的4D打印,对4D打印磁性智能构件的发展具有指导意义。     

放电等离子烧结温度对Fe-Si/MnZn(Fe2O4)2软磁复合材料组织与磁性能的影响

采用球磨法制备了Fe-Si/MnZn（Fe₂O₄）₂核壳结构粉末,并采用放电等离子烧结制备Fe-Si/MnZn（Fe₂O₄）₂软磁复合材料,研究了烧结温度（600～1 000℃）对该复合材料显微组织与磁性能的影响。结果表明：不同温度烧结Fe-Si/MnZn（Fe₂O₄）₂复合材料均由Fe-Si合金颗粒和颗粒间MnZn（Fe₂O₄）₂相组成;在600～700℃烧结时复合材料通过机械结合实现致密化,属于欠烧,800～900℃烧结可实现良好冶金结合,属于完全烧结,1 000℃烧结时颗粒间MnZn（Fe₂O₄）₂铁氧体层遭到破坏,属于过烧;复合材料磁性能随烧结温度升高而先提高后下降,在900℃烧结时磁性能最好,饱和磁化强度最高,为1 476 kA·m^-1     

以聚碳硅烷包覆B4C为原料温压-烧结原位制备SiC/B4C复相陶瓷

以聚碳硅烷(PCS)包覆B4C粉为原料,分别在300℃、50 MPa下温压成型和800MPa下冷等静压成型,而后将压坯置于氩气气氛保护下在1 200℃保温2 h,再在1 800～2 000℃下真空烧结3 h,原位反应制备出SiC/B4C复相陶瓷;研究了它的相对密度、物相组成和显微结构。结果表明：温压工艺比冷等静压工艺能...     

挤压-烧结法制备铁铬铝金属蜂窝的组织与性能

采用Fe25Cr5Al粉末与增塑剂的混合物，用增塑挤压-烧结法制备了铁铬铝金属蜂窝，确定了挤压、烧结工艺，对烧结蜂窝的宏观结构、微观组织和压缩性能进行了研究。结果表明：挤压料配比为62．5％～72．5％、挤压力为6～9．5MPa时，挤压蜂窝的表现密度为0．87～0．95g／cm^3；随烧结温度的提高和时间的延长，烧结蜂窝的孔密度及比表面积都提高，孔密度达到31～36个／cm^2，比表面积达到1．95～2．19mm^2／mm^3；烧结后蜂窝由α-Fe、Al-Cr、Al-Fe金属间化合物及Cr2O3、Al2O3组成；径向压缩为单一层状屈服，轴向压缩为多变形带屈服；随表现密度的提高，屈服强度提高，表观密度为0．76～0．94g／cm^3时，径向屈服强度为1．4～6．5MPa，表现密度为0．78～0．89g／cm^3时，轴向屈服强度为8．2～15．3MPa。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.