离散型车间生产过程实时监控系统研究

为了解决离散型车间监控手段落后导致车间管理人员难以实时准确掌握车间生产过程情况的问题,在分析基本车间生产过程模型和数据类型的基础上,设计开发了一个面向生产过程的实时监控系统。通过建立系统的体系结构和功能结构,完成了对生产执行过程、物料、设备、质量和人员5个方面的监控和管理,提高了车间生产过程的监控水平,保证了车间信息的全面性和生产全过程可视化,有助于车间管理人员及时发现生产过程中的浪费现象并进行改善,实现了对车间生产过程的有效控制和整体优化。     

基于软构件的柔性制造执行系统平台的研究

为解决车间生产管理软件通用性和可移植性差的弊端，基于制造执行系统理论和车间生产业务的构件化设计思想，采用通用对象请求代理结构和多代理技术，提出了适用于制造行业的车间制造执行系统平台的体系结构，各个企业可以根据自身生产特点，以柔性制造执行系统平台为基础构建特定的车间生产系统，实现快速重组车间生产业务过程的目的，以适应企业敏捷化生产的需要，增强车间生产管理软件的可扩充性，可重构件和可移植性。     

模具加工过程的面向对象分析及其动态车间作业计划建模

模具的生产属于单件订货型生产，其车间级的生产管理一直是模具企业管理的难点。车间作业计划是解决这一难点的有效措施之一。通过采用面向对象的方法，对模具企业生产过程中与车间作业计划有关的对象进行了详细地分析和描述，以此为基础，进一步分析一模具企业车间作业计划中的优化目标和约束，建立了相应的动态车间作业计划模型，为模具企业编制切实可行的车间作业计划奠定了基础。     

基于物联网技术的数字化车间制造数据采集与管理

针对离散型生产车间生产过程中对零件的实时状态、生产过程数据追溯的需要,提出了将超高频RFID、二维码等物联技术融入到车间MES系统中的解决方案。根据离散制造车间的生产过程,开发了车间生产过程数据采集与管理系统,对零件制造过程进行跟踪和管理。通过系统接口实现制造执行系统与PDM系统的数据、业务集成及车间制造过程的数字化和可视化,实现了MES层对零件生产数据的采集与反馈,提高了车间的生产效率和管理水平。     

车间生产过程数字孪生系统构建及应用

数字孪生可以真实地反映物理世界,车间生产过程数字孪生可以使生产过程透明化,利用孪生数据可以优化生产。为此,在数字孪生的理论背景下,建立了车间生产过程数字孪生系统体系架构,并对系统实现的3项关键技术——车间生产过程关键要素数字孪生建模与实现、基于OPC统一架构的车间生产过程物理实体数据获取以及车间生产运行实时映射进行了详细阐述。最后,对车间实际生产线进行了数字孪生的实现,验证了所提方案的正确性和有效性,为车间生产过程数字孪生的实现提供了技术解决方案。     

面向制造过程的车间实时监控系统设计

针对某企业机械加工车间的生产特点和在车间监控方面存在的问题,在分析目前车间监控现状及离散企业车间数据类型的基础上,对制造过程车间实时监控系统进行了设计。通过对监控系统功能和业务流程设计以及采用多种采集方式相结合的形式,保证车间制造过程信息的全面性、实时性和准确性。通过此系统可以实现对现场生产过程中各种生产状态信息的采集与管理,并能够使制造过程实时数据直接到达生产监测和管理环节,有助于加强车间监控力度和改善车间生产的混乱无序性。     

锻造用芯棒结构的改进

新疆第三机床厂二分厂是以锻造为主的加工车间，所生产的产品主要面向新疆克拉玛依油田。其中，为油田提供的中空桶形锻件毛坯（见图1），直径为330～429mm（10～13寸），壁厚50～60mm，需求量大，加工费时费力。     

面向大弹制造的车间管理信息模型和系统设计

车间是企业的物化中心，在生产过程中起着重要的作用。在深入了解大弹制造企业的车间生产特点和管理特点的基础上，建立了大弹制造车间的活动模型和业务模型，并结合计算机网络技术（JSP、JDBC和JavaBean）和数据库技术（SQL Server2000）设计了车间管理系统的数据库／应用服务器／Web服务器／客户端浏览器4层的体系结构，最后给出了系统的详细设计。     

基于RFID离散制造业车间生产过程控制系统研究与开发

针对当前离散制造车间生产过程控制的实时性、可靠性差的问题,提出了一种基于射频识别技术的离散制造车间生产过程控制系统解决方案。面向离散制造企业车间层的生产过程控制系统强调制造过程数据的实时采集、生产作业计划的可执行性和有效性。开发了基于RFID的离散制造业生产过程控制系统,经仿真实验平台验证表明：所设计的过程控制系统切实有效,为实现离散制造车间的准时生产奠定了基础。     

工艺规划和生产计划与控制集成过程中的资源决策

为了得到合理的工艺计划和车间生产计划调度结果，分析了计算机辅助工艺规划和生产计划与控制系统基于非线性工艺规划的并行集成原理，研究了二者集成过程中出现的资源选择问题。在资源决策过程中，首先确定加工某类零件需要的机床加工能力，然后根据车间计划系统反馈的加工资源实际情况确定车间中满足加工能力的机床，最后根据机床实时状态，计算车间每一个可用机床的优先指标。应用BP神经网络以及相关算法实现了二者集成过程中的资源决策。结果表明：利用BP神经网络以及相关算法可以有效地进行CAPP／PPC并行集成过程中的资源决策。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...