移动机器人里程计非系统误差不确定性分析方法

移动机器人里程计非系统误差建模是研究移动机器人定位问题的基础。现有的移动机器人里程计非系统误差建模方法多数针对某一种驱动类型移动机器人设计,运动过程中缺乏对里程计累计误差的实时反馈补偿功能,经过长距离运动过程定位精度大幅度降低。基于此,针对同步驱动和差动驱动轮式移动机器人平台提出一种通用的里程计非系统误差建模方法。在假设机器人运动路径近似弧线基础上,依据里程计误差传播规律推导非系统误差与里程计过程输入量之间的近似函数关系,进而对移动机器人位姿跟踪过程中产生的里程计累计误差给予实时反馈补偿。里程计非系统误差建模前后定位过程的对比试验表明,这种非系统误差实时补偿方法有效地减少了移动机器人导航过程中产生的里程计累计误差,提高了定位精度。     

基于遗传算法的零件加工系统误差建模

系统误差补偿是提高零件加工精度的重要途径，其中系统误差的建模是关键。分析了几种常见的建模方法在系统误差建模中的不足，提出了基于遗传算法的加工系统误差建模方法，它是一个广义的多项式回归建模方法——多项式幂次为变参。通过实例分析及与其它几种方法的比较，说明了所提方法的有效性，并指出了它对不等间隔误差序列建模的适用性。     

双口网络S参数测量误差校正分析及应用

采用误差分析及校正模型,讨论用数值分析的方法去除系统误差,降低随机误差的思路,其目的是消除标量网络分析仪在测量过程中的系统误差,提高测量精度。理论计算和实际测量结果表明,测量精度明显提高。该误差分析理论及误差测量方法在标量网络分析仪中得到应用,提高了仪器的性能。     

立式动平衡机系统误差分析及消除方法研究

本文详细分析了系统各环节产生的系统误差，并提出了用加重法除工装引起的系统误差，用软件补偿的方法去除工件偏心引起的系统误差。     

基于UMBmark和EKF的差速移动机器人传感器系统误差标定方法

移动机器人在工程化应用之前需要对传感器的系统误差进行标定。传感器系统误差包括里程计系统误差和激光雷达安装误差。论文首先采用UMBmark方法离线标定里程计系统误差并进行了实验验证,然后使用EKF在线标定激光雷达的安装误差,并在Matlab中验证了EKF标定激光雷达的安装误差能收敛到误差真值。实验结果表明论文研究的标定方法可有效提高移动机器人的航迹推算精度。     

系统误差检验的基本原则及其消除或减弱的方法

阐述了在测量过程中产生系统误差的原因、减小系统误差需要考虑的问题;讨论了定值系统误差及变值系统误差的检验方法.利用修正的方法讨论了恒定系统误差的检查和处理,阐述了在测量中利用零示法、交换法、微差法、替代法等测量方法从测量技术上消除或减弱系统误差的影响.     

浅析系统误差的产生与消除办法

介绍系统误差的概念,产生系统误差的几个方面,以及在测量过程中怎样消除系统误差而不使它带进测量结果的几种方法。     

智能仪表系统误差的自动校准技术

本文介绍了几种智能仪表中克服系统误差的自动校准方法,这些方法可以有效的消除或减弱系统误差对测量结果的影响。     

“角度基准”中系统误差的修正杨进堂(中国科学院长春光学精密机械研究所

“圆光栅用于角度基准的研究”（角度基准）为国家提供了一台光、机、电、计算机相结合的仪器，它加工装调精细，又采用了许多高新技术，为高精度测角奠定了坚实基础。使用计算机误差修正技术，又进一步提高了仪器的测角精度。本文在分析了分度基准和细分器产生系统误差的根源之后，分别介绍了两种系统误差的测量与修正     

串并联电阻减小伏安法测量电阻系统误差的方法

通过在电路中串联或并联一个附加电阻，分别经过两次测量，就可达到减小“伏安法”测电阻时因电压表，电流表内阻带来的系统误差。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.