Vibration control of a frame structure using electro-rheological fluid mounts

A squeeze-mode electro-rheological (ER) mount has been designed, manufactured, and applied to the vibration control of a frame structure subjected to external excitations. After verifying that the damping force of the ER mount can be controlled by controlling the applied voltage, a frame structure system supported by spring mounts and the proposed ER mounts has been assembled. The governing equation of the structural system is derived in the modal coordinate and is rewritten as a state-space control model. An optimal controller, which consists of the velocity feedback signal of the frame structure and the force feedback signal transmitted from the exciting point to the mount position, is formulated in order to attenuate the imposed excitations. The controller has been optimized experimentally and control responses such as the acceleration of the frame structure and the transmitted force at each mount position are presented in both time and frequency domains.     

Optimal control of structural vibrations using a mixed-mode magnetorheological fluid mount

In this work, a mixed-mode magnetorheological (MR) mount is proposed and applied to the vibration control of a flexible beam structure subjected to external disturbances. On the basis of non-dimensional Bingham number, an appropriate size of the MR mount is designed and manufactured. After experimentally evaluating the field-dependent damping force of the MR mount, a structural system consisting of a flexible beam and vibrating rigid mass is established. The governing equation of motion of the system is derived and expressed as a state space control model. A linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is then designed in order to attenuate the vibration of the structural system. The controller is empirically realized and control responses such as acceleration and displacement of the structural system are evaluated and presented in frequency domain.     

Vibration and noise control of structural systems using squeeze mode ER mounts

This paper presents vibration and noise control of flexible structures using squeeze mode electro-rheological mounts. After verifying that the damping force of the ER mount can be controlled by the intensity of the electric fild, two different types of ER squeeze mounts have been devised. Firstly, a small size ER mount to support 3 kg is manufactured and applied to the frame structure to control the vibration. An optimal controller which consists of the velocity and the transmitted force feedback signals is designed and implemented to attenuate both the vibration and the transmitted forces. Secondly, a large size of ER mount to support 200 kg is devised and applied to the shell structure to reduce the radiated noise. Dynamic modeling and controller design are undertaken in order to evaluate noise control performance as well as isolation performance of the transmitted force. The radiated noise from the cylindrical shell is calculated by SYSNOISE using forces which are transmitted to the cylindrical shell through two-stage mounting system.     

基于磁流变技术的发动机隔振控制

悬置阻尼和刚度可调对发动机在宽频范围内实现积极隔振具有重要意义.在建立发动机3自由度隔振模型基础上,提出用可调阻尼的磁流变阻尼器和可调刚度的磁流变弹性体构成磁流变并联悬置系统,以降低发动机对基座的垂向传递力和抑制横向动反力矩为目标,设计出用仿人智能思想在线修改参数的垂直隔振模糊自适应控制器,并对各磁流变并联悬置的刚度和阻尼进行协调控制.用Matlab对发动机整机隔振进行仿真,搭建出发动机隔振台架试验系统,在宽频激励条件下对不同悬置的隔振效果进行对比研究.仿真表明基于磁流变并联悬置的发动机隔振控制具有明显的优势,台架试验结果表明相对于橡胶和液压悬置,磁流变液悬置能在较宽频范围把力和力矩的绝对传递率降低到约30%以内,可提高乘坐舒适性.     

空气弹簧液压悬置动特性及隔振特性研究

研究了具有可变刚度阻尼的发动机空气弹簧液压悬置的动特性和隔振特性。针对影响发动机空气弹簧液压悬置动特性的关键参数上液室等效体积刚度,采用理论和试验方法研究了上液室等效体积刚度的等效值,基于该等效值建立了空气弹簧液压悬置的理论模型,对空气腔开闭两种工况进行了空气弹簧液压悬置动特性的仿真和试验研究。搭建了发动机空气弹簧液压悬置系统试验台架,研究了台架各种激励频率下的空气弹簧液压悬置的隔振特性。结果表明:本研究采用的上液室等效体积刚度进行空气弹簧进行建模是正确、可行的,提高了空气弹簧建模效率和准确性;空气弹簧液压悬置在空气腔开启和关闭两种状态下,峰值动刚度增大幅值达78.5%,峰值阻尼角增大幅值达250%。台架试验表明:当台架激励频率小于25Hz时,悬置采用大刚度大阻尼;当台架激励频率大于等于25 Hz时,悬置采用小刚度小阻尼;悬置隔振率提升明显,不同频率下提升幅值达10%～67%。     

Vibration control of a flexible structure using a hybrid mount

This paper presents vibration control of a flexible beam structure using a hybrid mount which consists of elastic rubber and piezoelectric stack actuator. After identifying stiffness and damping properties of the rubber and piezoelectric elements, a mechanical model of the hybrid mount is established. The mount model is then incorporated with the beam structure, and the governing equation of motion is obtained in a state space. A sliding mode controller is designed in order to actively attenuate the vibration of the beam structure subjected to high-frequency and small magnitude excitations. The controller is experimentally realized and measured control responses such as acceleration of the beam structure and force transmission through the hybrid mount are evaluated and presented in both frequency and time domains.     

车辆发动机悬架系统现状与进展

理想的发动机悬架系统应隔离发动机工作转速范围内由发动机干扰力所引起的发动机振动，并阻止由冲击而激起的发动机弹跳，这意味着发动机悬架的动态刚度和阻尼是与频率和振幅有关的，改善依赖于频率和振幅特性的动态刚度与阻尼是发动机悬架系统发展的关键所在。传统的弹性悬架不能满足所有的要求，它仅能在静偏转和隔振之间进行折衷，特别在低频域，被动的液压悬架能比弹性悬架提供更好的特性，通常半主动技术，由于其可调性而被用来进一步改善液压悬架的特性，为了隔振、低频时主动发动机悬架系统非常硬，而在高频域内被调整的非常软，主动的发动机悬架已被认为是发动机悬架的新一代，发动机悬架系统的优化是相当可取的，但发动机悬架的优化工作出现一些局限性，文中综述国内，外发动机悬架技术的现状与进展。     

发动机半主动控制液力悬置动特性仿真研究

发动机悬置是隔离发动机振动向驾驶室和基础传递的隔振元件,其设计的优劣直接影响汽车的乘坐舒适性.笔者基于流体力学理论,研究发动机液力悬置惯性通道内阻尼力,对液力悬置建立力学模型和数学模型,进行动特性仿真,从流体力学的角度分析液力悬置的结构参数和液力参数对其动态特性的影响.进行液力悬置的台架试验,确定较可行的惯性通道半主动控制式液力悬置的控制律,从而在较宽的频带内,达到良好的隔振效果.     

Vibration characteristics of hollow cantilevered beams containing an electro-rheological fluid

Electro-rheological (ER) fluids undergo a phase change when subjected to an external electric field, and this phase change typically manifests itself as a many-order-of-magnitude change in the rheological behavior. This phenomenon permits the global stiffness and energy-dissipation properties of the beam structures to be tuned in order to synthesize the desired vibration characteristics. This paper reports on a proof-of-concept experimental investigation focused on evaluating the vibration properties of hollow cantilevered beams filled with an ER fluid and, consequently, deriving an empirical model for predicting field-dependent vibration characteristics. A hydrous-based ER fluid consisting of corn starch and silicone oil is employed. From the observation of modal characteristics, the beams are considered to be uniform viscoelastic materials and are modeled as a viscously-damped harmonic oscillator. Natural frequency, damping ratio and elastic modulus are evaluated with respect to the electric field and compared among three different beams: two types of different volume fraction of ER fluid and one type of different particle concentration of ER fluid by weight. Transient and forced vibration responses are examined in the time domain to demonstrate the validity of the proposed empirical model.     

发动机半主动液力悬置动特性研究与开发

发动机悬置是隔离发动机振动向驾驶室和基础传递的隔振元件,其设计的优劣直接影响汽车的乘坐舒适性.基于流体力学理论,研究发动机液力悬置惯性通道内阻尼力,对液力悬置建立了力学模型和数学模型,进行了动特性仿真,从流体力学的角度分析了液力悬置的结构参数对其动态特性的影响.进行了液力悬置的台架试验,确定了惯性通道半主动控制式液力悬置的控制律.由此设计开发了通道可调的惯性通道式液力悬置,从而在较宽频带内有效的达到了减振的目的.     

车辆动力总成悬置系统参数识别

精确识别车辆动力总成不平衡力以及惯性参数,是对车辆发动机振动进行主动隔离的基础.根据发动机不平衡力只与发动机内部结构以及转速相关的特性,提出一种利用磁流变减振器阻尼参数的可控性,通过测试不同阻尼环境下的各悬置加速度和支座反力,进而识别发动机惯性参数以及不平衡力的新方法.该方法在应用于车辆动力总成悬置系统参数识别时,对比...     

磁流变液悬置用于发动机隔振模糊控制

设计了一种基于圆盘挤压模式磁流变悬置,利用试验方法得出了不同激励频率条件下磁流变悬置的循环耗散功与励磁电流的关系.利用磁流变悬置,建立了发动机振动半主动控制的研究模型.提出了一种模糊控制方法,利用转速、加速度和动态拉压力传感器,借助美国国家仪器公司的数据采集和实时控制器,构建了发动机隔振模糊控制试验系统,并开展了怠速和常用工况条件下的发动机振动隔离控制试验研究.研究结果表明,与橡胶悬置相比,基于磁流变悬置的模糊控制系统,能够降低发动机动态激振力传递到支承,并且低转速条件下的振动隔离效果优于高转速条件下的.     

Expressions for coefficients of electrorheological fluid dampers

Useful expressions are developed for the damping coefficient of two types of viscous dampers that contain electrorheological (ER) fluids. The damping action in the first type occurs in flow between stationary parallel plates; the second type has annular flow between two stationary concentric cylinders. For ER fluid control, an electric field is applied across the gap in which the fluid flow occurs. The solution for the concentric cylinder damper is based on a thin gap approximation. These solutions may facilitate solving mechanical systems problems, using ER fluids, and demonstrate the controllability of ER dampers.     

燃料电池车电机悬置系统的减振设计分析

首先对燃料电池车电机悬置系统进行初步设计,得出各支点的刚度和阻尼参数;然后对燃料电池车电机悬置系统的刚度和阻尼进行优化设计;在优化设计中,通过改变悬置系统的刚度和阻尼,达到了减小电机质心三个自由度上峰值的效果,可以验证优化是有效的,思路方法是合理的。     

Optimal design of nonlinear hydraulic engine mount

This paper shows that the performance of a nonlinear fluid engine mount can be improved by an optimal design process The property of a hydraulic mount with inertia track and decouplen differs according to the disturbance frequency range. Since the excitation amplitude is large at low excitation frequency range and is small at high excitation frequency range, mathematical model of the mount can be divided into two linear models One is a low frequency model and the other is a high frequency model The combination of the two models is very useful in the analysis of the mount and is used for the first time in the optimization of an engine mount in this paper Normally, the design of a fluid mount is based on a trial and error approach in industry because there are many design parameters In this study, a nonlinear mount was optimized to minimize the transmissibilities of the mount at the notch and the resonance frequencies for low and high-frequency models by a popular optimization technique of sequential quadratic programming (SQP) supported by MATLAB^(r) subroutine. The results show that the performance of the mount can be greatly improved for the low and high frequencies ranges by the optimization method     

键合图理论在发动机电流变液力悬置中的应用

针对发动机宽频振动的特性,设计开发了一种电流变液力悬置。对键合图理论和电流变液力悬置结构进行了介绍,结合悬置的力学模型,建立了电流变液力悬置的键合图模型,并对模型分析得到状态方程。利用Adams 软件进行仿真分析,比较得出电流变液力悬置比普通液力悬置的隔振性能的优越之处。     

双活塞液压自由活塞发动机原理样机的研制及其压缩比

液压自由活塞发动机是将内燃机和液压泵集成为一体,以液体为工作介质,利用油液的压力能实现动力非刚性传输的一种特种发动机。提出一种特殊结构的液压自由活塞发动机设计方案,并据此研制了双活塞液压自由活塞发动机原理样机。由于压缩比对自由活塞发动机的性能具有重要影响,所以从结构设计、安装方式与行程控制等不同层面,对双活塞液压自由活塞发动机原理样机压缩比进行了详细而系统的研究。研究结果为液压自由活塞发动机的结构设计、控制及安装方式的选择皆有指导意义。     

Minimization of IC engine rubber mount displacement using genetic algorithm

Though many computationally expensive internal combustion engine vibration models are available, simple and computationally efficient tools are required for preliminary design work. The unbalanced forces of rotating and reciprocating parts are the primary sources for the engine vibrations which in turn reduce the durability and reliability of consumer and commercial automotives. So, a significant vibration isolation is needed for both engine and interface between the engine mounts, and it could be obtained with the help of rotating balancing disks attached at both ends of the crank shaft. The masses of the balancing disks and their lead angles influence the effectiveness of vibration isolation that can be measured by the engine mount displacement caused due to engine vibrations. The optimized masses of balancing disks and their lead angles minimize the engine mount displacements that ensure the effective vibration isolation. In this paper, the genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the masses of the balancing disks and their lead angles with an objective of minimizing the engine mount displacements.     

MODELING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SPEED GOVERNOR FOR THE HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE ENGINE

A speed control analysis for an in-line gasoline fueled internal combustion (IC) engine is presented for the purpose of alleviation of high frequency oscillations in engine revolutions.A dynamic cylinder-by-cylinder model is proposed,base on slider-crank mechanism,which is extended to develop a digital governor providing a high fidelity estimation of rotary speed oscillation for hybrid vehicle engines.A modified PID controller that P and I gain is placed in feedback path is also described for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) engine speed regulation.By comparison between measured and estimated signals,it is demonstrated that a good agreement has been achieved and the governor behaves an excellent damping speed ripple.     

MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A PASSIVE HYDRAULIC ENGINE MOUNT WITH INERTIA AND DIRECT-DECOUPLER

To investigate the dynamic characteristics and damping theory of the passive hydraulic engine mount （PHEM）, numerical prediction is performed through lumped parameter model. System parameters, including volume compliance of the decoupler chamber, effective piston area, fluid inertia and resistance of inertia track and direct-decoupler, are identified by means of experiments and finite element method （FEM）. Dynamic behaviors are tested with elastomer test system for purpose of validating PHEM. With incorporation of inertia track and direct-decoupler, PHEM behaves effective and efficient vibration isolation in range of both low and high frequencies. The comparison of the numerical results with the experimental observations shows that the present PHEM achieves fairly good performance for the engine vibration isolation.