用FAST法设计功能组合式儿童自行车

通过产品设计中FAST法——功能系统技术法的阐述,对儿童自行车的功能组合设计进行了合理应用。首先,通过骑车时黑箱子模型的信息输出,建立了FAST功能树,得到了一系列儿童自行车的可能设计因素;然后,围绕功能组合、人机关系等建立了儿童自行车的形态矩阵;最后,对一款可扭摆的自行车进行了详细设计,通过建模、渲染得到了逼真的效果图,并分析了该方案的人机关系。从而得出结论,通过儿童自行车的功能组合式创新,验证了FAST法在产品设计中的合理应用;并阐明儿童娱乐代步工具的需求性已不再停留于自行车的概念,而要考虑其功能叠加、组合、转化的方式,以对未来多功能、集成化的儿童娱乐代步工具设计作铺垫。     

基于FAST法的手推式轮椅改进设计与分析

阐述了FAST法——功能系统技术法在手推式轮椅设计中的合理化应用.通过建立轮椅的FAST功能树,得到了一系列手推式轮椅的可能设计因素,按照FAST功能树中子功能的列表,主要围绕功能整合、人机关系,建立了手推式轮椅的形态矩阵.并对一款安全稳定的轮椅进行了详细设计,从功能特征、人机尺寸的角度进行了分析.从而验证了FAST法在产品设计中的合理应用.     

融合A-Kano与FAST的童车创新设计方法

为促进国内童车发展，改善产品同质化的现象，提出一种融合A-Kano与FAST的产品创新设计方法。以用户核心需求为导向，通过市场调研与用户访谈获取需求，采用A-Kano模型获取用户需求类别，以建立功能需求层级塔；运用FAST法将用户需求转化为产品功能，建立FAST功能树，得到儿童滑板车涉及的设计因素；依据功能树建立造型矩阵，通过设计分析得出最佳方案；以儿童滑板车为例进行应用，以验证其可行性。A-Kano和FAST结合能形成一种需求—功能—造型的设计过程，实现从需求分析到功能设计的精准映射，强化需求与功能间的联系，从而有效提升用户对产品的使用体验，为产品创新设计提供新思路。     

基于FAST法及KANO模型的产品设计方法研究

为优化产品设计流程,验证FAST法和KANO模型在产品设计中的可行性。通过对KANO模型应用于用户需求的分析研究,将KANO模型应用于婴儿车体功能设计的前期用户需求分析中。通过设置问卷调查来搜集用户需求信息,然后将用户需求进行分类建立KANO二维功能属性模型。采用FAST法来建立功能树来弥补KANO模型在用户使用场景分析和产品机械结构方面的不足之处。以婴儿手推车的功能设计为例来检验该方法在产品设计中的有效性。结果表明:运用该产品设计方法可以有效地挖掘用户的真实需求,优化了产品设计流程,使得设计出来的产品更加符合用户的期望。     

基于功能系统技术FAST法的车体设计与分析

通过产品的FAST(Function Analysis System Technique)法分析,对现代家庭多功能组合车体进行合理的分析与应用。首先,根据用户需求和现有自行车的功能,采用FAST法创建自行车的功能树;然后,从功能树中选定目标功能的可能范围,确定功能需求与工程度量;最后,基于目标功能设计了一款功能组合式自行车,并对其进行系统的人机关系和机械结构分析。基于以上创新设计过程,得出结论,印证FAST法在设计中的有效性和合理性,并阐述家庭多功能组合式车体的前景与创新展望。     

造型驱动的产品设计方法研究

造型并非只是产品外观的美化，而是涉及产品内部构造、布局，整体结构形态和外表色彩、肌理及装饰等一系列环节，是产品物质功能和精神功能的结合点。笔者研究了造型驱动的产品设计方法及模型，提出了在保证产品功能需求的前提下，用造型来协调产品内部机构和外部形象，使物化的技术设计与人化的工业设计有机地统一于产品设计中，使产品物质功能融于产品整体造型形象美中的产品设计思想，促进了产品设计观念的更新，有利于产品的创新设计。     

山地消防车辆仿生造型设计

为满足山地消防车辆功能和用户使用的需求,将蝼蛄造型运用到山地消防车辆仿生设计中。以仿生设计相关理论为基础,对蝼蛄的形态特征进行了分析,结合山地消防车辆的主要功能需求和特征,对其进行了功能模块划分及形态分析,提出山地消防车辆造型仿生设计的要点,对其功能、结构、形态进行了创新设计,给出了设计方案,为相关产品设计研究提供参考。     

FAST法在家用智能固体有机废弃物处理机概念设计中的应用

针对现有废弃物处理机带来的资源浪费和二次污染问题,从改进废弃物处理机的功能结构入手,应用产品设计中功能系统技术法进行废弃物处理机概念设计。通过用户需求分析,建立了废弃物处理机的黑箱模型和FAST功能树,分析并得到废弃物处理机的可能设计因素;围绕功能整合和人机关系建立了废弃物处理机的形态矩阵,进而生成产品概念;提出解决产品功能结构中存在的问题,形成新的概念设计方案,并分析了方案在功能、结构及人机关系上的合理性,验证了FAST法在新产品开发设计中应用的可行性,为产品概念设计提供全过程模型。     

基于功能分解的数控刀具相似性设计的研究与实现

研究了数控刀具的设计特点,以产品设计功能树表达其基于功能分解的设计过程,采用辅助面切割法进行几何表的造型,以适应不同的功能需求,然后按照功能分解的反方向对几何体表进行拼合完成刀具的造型过程。     

基于功能分解的数控刀具相似性设计的研究与实现

研究了数控刀具的设计特点 ,以产品设计功能树表达其基于功能分解的设计过程 ;采用辅助面切割法进行几何体素的造型 ,以适应不同的功能需求 ,然后按照功能分解的反方向对几何体素进行拼合完成刀具的造型过程。此外还采用编码匹配查找的方法实现数控刀具的相似设计 ,从而大大提高了数控刀具的设计效率和设计质量     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.