用于雷达回波仿真的小型化微波光纤延迟线

针对高分辨率雷达回波信号仿真对带宽、线性度和延时性能的要求,设计了X波段雷达测试与校准应用的小型化微波光纤延迟线。分析了雷达回波模拟源对距离延迟单元的性能要求,根据系统指标,研制了用于宽带雷达信号线性电光转换的关键器件—直接调制分布反馈(DFB)激光器。基于光纤反射镜,设计与实现了一种小型化的反射式延迟线结构。最后,利用矢量网络分析仪对系统的微波传输性能进行了测试分析。结果表明:直接调制DFB激光器的-3dB模拟调制带宽高达21GHz。基于该激光器的微波光纤延迟线,针对X波段雷达测试应用可提供40、80、120μs不同延时的目标回波模拟,其带内幅度平坦度小于±0.5dB,相位非线性小于10°,同时线性动态范围大于60dB,满足雷达回波仿真与校准过程对于信号附加幅频误差和相频误差的要求。     

光纤激光器电源模块有限元热分析研究

电源模块作为光纤激光器的重要部件,其工作性能受温度影响很大。为解决电源模块过热和温度分布不均匀的问题,提高其热可靠性,采用有限元法对某型光纤激光器的电源模块进行了热仿真分析。试验测试数据与软件仿真结果具有高度的一致性,整体趋势吻合,最大误差不超过5%,验证了仿真模型的正确性和可行性。在此基础上提出了优化元件布局的散热改进方案,并进行了仿真计算。改进后最高温度降低了3.8 ℃,且整场温度分布更加均匀。结果表明,合理优化元件布局,可有效改善电源模块的散热状况。     

光纤激光器泵浦源有限元热分析

泵浦源是光纤激光器的重要部件。半导体激光器（LD）是光纤激光器最常用的泵浦源,温度对其工作的影响非常大。文中采用有限元法（FEM）分析了连续工作和间断工作两种模式下,作为泵浦源的半导体激光器的热特性。试验测试数据与软件仿真结果具有高度的一致性,整体趋势吻合,最大误差不超过5%,验证了仿真模型的正确性和可行性。在此基础上分析了4种工况下泵浦源的温度场和芯片温度变化特性,并进行了散热结构改进的初步研究,发现改变AIN基板和铜热沉的厚度可在一定程度上降低芯片的结温。     

一体化半导体激光器的ANSYS热仿真及结构设计

传统半导体激光器与驱动控制器多采用分离式设计,故半导体激光器系统的体积很难紧凑化,而一体化半导体激光器存在电路集成度高,发热严重等问题,因此,本文提出了对半导体激光器进行一体化、小型化设计的方法。为了保证所设计的半导体激光器运行时系统温度分布均匀,输出激光不受温度变化影响,在结构设计之前,利用ANSYS软件对元器件集成度较高的电路板等热源进行了热仿真,提高了集成后结构的可靠性。仿真结果显示,优化设计后的半导体激光器一体化结构满足激光器温度要求,系统温度分布均匀,能保证激光器稳定运行。设计的新型半导体激光器的整体结构尺寸仅为85mm×95mm×115mm,不仅实现了半导体激光器与驱动控制器的一体化与小型化集成,并且结构中留有准直光路设计空间,便于后期的应用研究。     

锥形光纤耦合特性仿真研究

针对目前加热拉锥法存在的不均匀加热问题,提出一种基于CO2激光器的环形均匀热源的锥形光纤加工方法,并设计了装置.用ZEMAX软件对光源与锥形光纤间耦合效率进行了仿真.仿真结果表明锥形光纤可明显提高耦合效率.     

分布反馈式光纤激光器动态特性的研究

为了探明分布反馈式(DFB)光纤激光器用于水声探测时,所测得的声压灵敏度高于静压条件下计算所得的声压灵敏度,且动态响应曲线不平坦的原因及其机理,对DFB光纤激光器的动态特性进行了研究。对两端固定并分别置于空气和水介质中的DFB光纤激光器的振动模态进行了数值仿真分析;设计加工了实验夹具,分别对其进行了实验研究。实验测得数据表明,两端固定的裸纤在发生振动时的第一阶固有频率与其夹持长度有关,且随着该长度的增大,固有频率降低;当夹持长度分别为50mm、55mm和60mm时,在空气和水介质中DFB光纤激光器振动的第一阶固有频率分别约为250Hz、200Hz、125Hz以及200Hz、160Hz、120Hz,实测数据与仿真分析吻合。可见当DFB光纤激光器受外界激励发生振动时,引起了激光器输出信号幅值的波动,导致其声压灵敏度出现起伏,第一阶固有频率对其具有很大的影响。     

激光测量技术的发展与应用

近年来,光电子技术的迅速发展,对于激光测量技术的发展与应用起了决定性的作用。首先是从半导体激光器开始的激光光源的小型化,随后是导入了光纤和微小光学元件的光学系统的小型化,光和图象检测器的高灵敏度与高速化,数据和图象处理装置的     

光纤传感测量中耦合系统的设计

根据光纤传感测量中光源的选取原则,将半导体激光器作为光纤传感器的光源并选取单模光纤作为尾纤,基于光学设计软件Zemax纯非序列光学系统,设计了一种半导体激光器与单模光纤的耦合系统。通过分析半导体激光器的光束特性及半导体激光器与单模光纤的耦合模场理论,由一个球透镜和一个准直透镜构成组合透镜耦合方式,达到提高耦合效率和容忍度的目的。设计时在非序列光学系统下进行了百万次光线追迹,仿真得到所设计系统的耦合效率为78%左右,而实验测试结果为69.11%,由此对误差产生的原因进行了分析。     

可编程微波光纤延迟线时延特性分析与测量

本文采用激光器、光调制器、可编程光纤延时阵列及光探测器等构成了新型的微波光纤延迟线系统,对系统的发射、传输和接收三个组成模块进行了理论分析,建立了各模块及系统的数学模型,对系统的传输特性和时延特性进行了仿真.结果表明,此类微波光纤延迟线可视为线性系统.并采用矢量网络分析仪对系统进行了实测,幅频特性和相频特性在合理频带范围内均接近于理想情况,群时延测量结果与理论计算一致,延时精度达到10 ps以内.     

基于GRIN镜头的小型OCT探头的数值分析

利用光学软件GLAD的数值仿真技术设计了用于光学相干层析技术成像的基于梯度折射率(GRIN)镜头的小型化探头.首先,简述了梯度折射率镜头的基本特性,讨论了基于梯度折射率镜头的光学探头的设计方法;然后,对由单模光纤、玻璃棒隔片和梯度折射率镜头构成的探头模型进行了仿真.结果显示,利用GLAD的数值仿真技术为小型化探头的设计...     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.