基于Zn_2SiO_4:Mn的成像器件紫外增强薄膜制备及表征

在CCD、CMOS等硅基光电成像器件的光敏面镀下变频薄膜将紫外波段的光变为可见波段的光,可实现CCD、CMOS等硅基光电成像器件的紫外响应.考虑Zn2SiO4∶Mn粒子直径小,稳定性好,荧光量子效率高等优点,本文用"旋涂法"在石英基底上生成Zn2SiO4∶Mn紫外增强薄膜,并对其透射光谱、吸收光谱、激发光谱与发射光谱等光学性质进行分析.实验测得薄膜在300 nm以下透过率极低并具有很强的吸收,在300 nm以上透过率很高且吸收很弱;激发峰在260 nm,发射峰在525 nm,可以实现将紫外光转化为可见光.分析了Zn2SiO4∶Mn薄膜的均匀性、厚度、稳定性等物理性质对其变频性能的影响.实验结果表明,利用Zn2SiO4∶Mn薄膜可以有效增强CCD等光电器件的紫外响应,实现光电器件的紫外探测.     

增强光电图像传感器紫外探测薄膜的制备

传统的CCD、COMS等光电成像器件并不响应紫外光,在CCD、CMOS传感器光敏面镀上"紫外-可见"变频薄膜是增强其紫外响应的一种非常有效的方法.Zn2SiO4: Mn由于粒子直径小,稳定性好,荧光量子效率高等优点,在增强光电器件紫外响应领域有着很广泛的应用前景.实验用"旋涂法"在石英基底上生成Zn2SiO4: Mn紫外增强薄膜,并对其透射光谱、吸收光谱、激发光谱与发射光谱等光学性质进行测量分析.实验测得薄膜在300 nm以下透过率极低,在300 nm以上透过率很高且平稳;对300 nm以下的光具有很强的吸收,对300 nm以上的光吸收很弱且很平稳;激发峰在265 nm,发射峰在525 nm,即能将紫外光转化为可见光.实验结果表明Zn2SiO4: Mn薄膜是一种适用于增强CCD等图像传感器紫外响应的紫外增强薄膜.     

空间紫外遥感仪器漫反射板真空紫外辐照特性研究

漫反射板漫反射率值的变化将直接影响空间紫外遥感仪器在轨辐射定标结果及探测结果。基于空间紫外辐照环境,构建了漫反射板真空紫外辐照特性研究装置,利用该装置对空间紫外遥感仪器AL+MgF2漫反射板的真空紫外辐照特性进行了研究。实验结果表明,真空紫外辐照加速了漫反射板漫反射率值的衰减;漫反射板在160-300nm整个波段出现衰减现象;衰减程度随辐照时间的增加不断增大;各波长处的衰减呈线性规律变化,衰减速率随波长的不同而不同。对可能引起衰减的原因进行了初步分析。     

基于Zn2SiO4:Mn的硅基成像器件紫外响应增强薄膜制备及其表征

为了增强CCD、COMS等硅基光电成像器件的紫外响应,在其光敏面镀上“紫外—可见”变频薄膜将紫外光变为可见光,以实现CCD、COMS等硅基光电成像器件的紫外响应。 Zn2SiO4:Mn由于粒子直径小,稳定性好,荧光量子效率高等优点,在增强光电器件紫外响应领域有着很广泛的应用前景。现用“旋涂法”法在石英基底上生成 Zn2SiO4:Mn紫外增强薄膜,并对其透射光谱、吸收光谱、激发光谱与发射光谱等光学性质进行测量分析。实验测得薄膜在300nm以下透过率极低,在300nm以上透过率很高且平稳;对300nm以下的光具有很强的吸收,对300nm以上的光吸收很弱且很平稳;激发峰在265nm,发射峰在525nm,即能将紫外光转化为可见光。同时分析了Zn2SiO4:Mn 薄膜的均匀性、厚度、稳定性等物理性质对其变频性能的影响,可知Zn2SiO4:Mn 薄膜是一种可用于增强CCD等光电器件紫外响应的紫外增强薄膜。     

空间紫外遥感仪器漫反射板的真空紫外辐照特性

由于漫反射板漫反射率值的变化将直接影响空间紫外遥感仪器在轨辐射定标结果,因此,对各种影响因素进行了研究.基于空间紫外辐照环境构建了漫反射板真空紫外辐照特性研究装置,利用该装置对宅间紫外遥感仪器Al MgF2漫反射板的真空紫外辐照特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,真空紫外辐照加速了漫反射板漫反射率值的衰减,漫反射板在160～300 nm整个波段出现衰减现象;衰减程度随辐照时间的增加不断增大;各波长处的衰减呈线性规律变化,衰减速率随波长的不同而不同.文中对可能引起衰减的原因进行了初步分析.     

氟化镁窗口氘灯的真空辐射衰减特性

针对真空环境下使用氟化镁窗口氘灯时,氘灯表面易受污染,导致氘灯的紫外-真空紫外辐射强度逐渐衰减的问题,对紫外-真空紫外波段辐射传递标准光源氘灯的真空辐射衰减机理进行了分析.在此基础上,研制了液氮制冷屏装置来抑制氘灯衰减.建立了氘灯真空辐射特性测试系统,利用该系统对液氮制冷屏装置的有效性进行了考察.测试结果显示,在160～300 nm波段,氘灯平均衰减率可由原来的7%/h下降为1%/h,表明液氮制冷屏装置能有效地抑制氟化镁窗口氘灯在真空环境下的辐射衰减.     

长春光机所深紫外光学薄膜技术研究进展

综述了深紫外光学薄膜技术在中科院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所的研究进展。为满足高性能深紫外光学系统对薄膜光学元件的需求,在以下方面开展了系统研究:定制了两台深紫外光学薄膜专用沉积设备,分别用于高性能深紫外光学薄膜的热蒸发与离子束溅射沉积工艺,实现了φ410mm光学元件的镀膜;通过优化薄膜沉积工艺,双面镀膜样品在193nm处典型透过率为98.5%～99%;对影响光学元件面形精度的因素进行了考察,可实现的膜厚均匀性为0.1%(rms),能够满足高质量深紫外光学系统的容差要求;采用X射线衍射方法对薄膜应力进行了测量,并采用有限元方法分析了应力对元件面形的影响;针对影响薄膜实用性能的因素,提出了针对性的解决方法,采用紫外辐照方法恢复了环境污染引起的透过率下降,发展了基于晶振监控法的膜厚精确控制方法。基于这些研究的阶段性成果,明确了下一步的研究方向。     

氟化镁窗口氘灯真空辐射衰减特性研究

对氟化镁材料窗口、紫外-真空紫外波段辐射传递标准光源氘灯的真空辐射衰减机理进行了分析。在此基础上，研制了液氮制冷屏装置来抑制氘灯衰减。建立了氘灯真空辐射特性测试研究系统，利用该系统对液氮制冷屏装置的有效性进行了考察。测试结果表明，在160-300nm波段，氘灯平均衰减率可由原来的7%/h下降为1%/h。液氮制冷屏装置能十分有效的抑制氟化镁窗口氘灯在真空环境下的辐射衰减。     

地外太阳紫外光谱测量

介绍了我国自主研制的用于地外太阳紫外光谱测量的FY-3紫外臭氧垂直探测仪,利用该仪器成功获得了地外太阳紫外光谱数据。该紫外臭氧垂直探测仪是一台结构紧凑,工作波段为160～400nm的紫外-真空紫外光谱辐射仪。报导了该探测仪的组成和工作原理,描述了它的3种工作模式,即大气模式、太阳模式和标准灯模式。介绍了太阳模式下该探测仪的光谱辐照度定标,受光源性能所限,光谱辐照度定标分160～300nm和250～400nm两个波段进行。最后,给出了利用紫外臭氧垂直探测仪获得的太阳紫外光谱和数据处理结果。结果表明,利用该探测仪在轨获得的160～400nm太阳连续光谱和250～340nm间12个特征波长的太阳分立光谱与美国SBUV/2获得的测量数据的一致性在±5%以内。     

非晶SiO_xN_y薄膜的发光特性研究

采用双离子束溅射沉积法制备SiOxNy复合非晶薄膜,傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)及X射线衍射谱(XPS)测试表明,薄膜成分由Si、O、N元素组成,在室温下可观察到样品有波长为400nm(紫光)、470nm(蓝光)的光致发光。根据测试结果分析研究SiOxNy薄膜的可能发光机理:波长为470nm处发光峰来自于硅基薄膜中中性氧空位缺陷(O2≡Si-Si≡O2),是由于氧原子配位的二价硅的单态-单态之间的跃迁所致,其发光强度随退火温度的升高而变化,800℃时最大,高于800℃时慢慢减弱;波长为400nm发光峰的发射与薄膜中的Si、O、N元素所形成的结构有关,它可能来自于Si、O、N元素结构所形成的发光中心,该峰位的强度随退火温度的升高而增强。     

In situ monitoring of photostriction in chalcogenide glass film using fiber Bragg grating sensors

The reversible photostriction (photomechanical strain) in Ge₃₅S₆₅ chalcogenide thin film deposited by a solvent casting method has been monitored using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. The shift in Bragg wavelength is used as a probing parameter to quantitatively measure the photoinduced strain arising because of structural modifications in these films under illumination. Exposure to band gap light (405?nm) and above band gap light (302 and 254?nm) leads to a reversible photostriction effect of the order of 100?µε. The present study shows that FBG sensors can be used to effectively measure the optomechanical actuation in chalcogenide films caused by the reversible photostriction effect in the visible and ultraviolet wavelength region.     

数字电影滤光反射镜光谱设计

为了满足数字电影光学系统色温要求及提高光源能量利用效率,降低设计及光学薄膜镀制难度,计算了色温变化小、光源利用效率高的可见光高反射光谱波段。根据椭球滤光反射镜的工作原理及滤光薄膜的光谱特性,结合氙灯光源光谱及人眼的视觉函数,分析了可见光不同光谱波段对系统光效率及色度坐标的影响。获得了可见光波段光效利用率高,色度参数变化小的波段范围,解决了数字电影反光镜滤光薄膜可见光高反射波段初始设计问题。由滤光薄膜设计及镀制结果得到,405～690nm波长范围可作为数字电影滤光反射镜薄膜高反射区域,相比与氙灯光源光谱,x、y色度偏差不超过0.001,理论反射光光效率达99%以上。     

磁控溅射法制备的五氧化二钒薄膜光电特性

利用射频磁控溅射方法,选取溅射时间为15,25,30和45min,在蓝宝石衬底上沉积了V2O5薄膜。研究了其他实验参量不变,溅射时间不同对薄膜结构、薄膜厚度、表面形貌、电学及光学性能的影响。实验结果表明,制备出的薄膜为单一组分的V2O5薄膜,其在(001)面有明显的择优取向。随着溅身时间的增加,结晶性能逐渐变强,晶粒尺寸也逐渐变大,而表面粗糙度值会逐渐降低;在晶体结构完整的基础上,随着溅射时间的增加,相变温度和经历的温度范围会逐渐增加,电学突变性能会降低。测试了薄膜在中红外波段的高低温透过率,结果显示:当膜厚为350nm,波长为5μm时,薄膜的透过率从25℃时的81%变为300℃的7%,变化幅度可达74%;所有薄膜相变前后透过率的比值均为9~13,表现出了非常突出的光学开关特性。     

Autofluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of Platymonas subcordiformis irradiated by diode laser based on LSCM

Autofluorescence spectra and optical imaging of Platymonas subcordiformis after irradiation of diode laser were observed via laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). With 488 nm Ar(+) laser excitation, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of a cup-shaped chloroplast of the irradiation group increased about 10% compared with the control group. The fluorescence spectra were similar between irradiation group and control group with a maximum fluorescence band around 682 nm, whereas the former has a higher intensity. Image of a small circular substance with stronger two-photon autofluorescence (TPA) was obtained when using two-photon excitation wavelength of 800 nm in single-channel mode. Further analysis by the 800 nm excitation based on two independent-channels mode showed an emission band of the small circular substance around 376-505 nm, which corresponded to the eyespot of P. subcordiformis. In lambda scanning mode, with two-photon wavelength of 800 nm excitation, six fluorescence peaks that are located at 465, 520, 560, 617, 660 and 680 nm were observed; the fluorescence intensity of the irradiation group was higher than that of the control group, especially at 520, 560 and 617 nm. As a conclusion, diode laser irradiation can promote chloroplast growth of P. subcordiformis cells in the form of expanding area and the increasing content of protein, phospholipids and chlorophyll. LSCM, especially TPA imaging based on femtosecond laser excitation, provides a nondestructive, real-time and accurate method to study changes of living algal cells under laser irradiation and other environmental factors.     

介质多层膜热处理分析

由薄膜压缩应力产生模型和薄膜总应力的组成出发,分析了要改变薄膜的本征应力热处理必须有足够的能量即激活能。当热处理能量低于激活能时,只能改变薄膜热应力,与处理时间无关。热应力与处理温度有线性关系,建立了波长变化量与温度变化量间的关系模型。当热处理能量高于激活能时,本征应力改变,进而波长的改变与时间有关。实验结果表明,从200~300℃的各1,2,5 h保温处理下,波长从1.4 nm线性地增大到4.15 nm,波长变化与处理时间无关。在350℃分别进行1,2,5 h的处理情况下,波长的改变量分别为4.75 nm,5.07 nm,5.7 nm。保温时间短的,波长增量也小。400℃各种处理时,波长的改变基本上与350℃的处理结果类似。充分说明了在较低温度处理时,薄膜应力只有热应力的改变;较高温度处理时,本征应力才会改变。     

High-resolution confocal microscopy using synchrotron radiation

A confocal scanning light microscope coupled to the Daresbury Synchrotron Radiation Source is described. The broad spectrum of synchrotron radiation and the application of achromatic quartz/CaF₂ optics allows for confocal imaging over the wavelength range 200–700 nm. This includes UV light, which is particularly suitable for high-resolution imaging. The results of test measurements using 290-nm light indicate that a lateral resolution better than 100 nm is obtained. An additional advantage of the white synchrotron radiation is that the excitation wavelength can be chosen to match the absorption band of any fluorescent dye. The availability of UV light for confocal microscopy enables studies of naturally occurring fluorophores. The potential applications of the microscope are illustrated by the real-time imaging of hormone traffic using the naturally occurring oestrogen coumestrol. (The IUPAC name for coumestrol is 3,9-dihydroxy-6H-benzofuro[3,2-c][1]benzopyran-6-one ( Chem. Abstr. Reg. No . 479-13-0). The trivial name will be used throughout this paper.)     

应用L-MBE方法制备ZnO薄膜的结构和光学特性

用激光分子束外延(Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy,L-MBE)设备在p型Si(111)衬底上制备了不同衬底温度和不同氧压的ZnO薄膜,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)分别对薄膜的结构和形貌进行了分析,用He-Cd激光(325nm)激发的光致发光测试系统对薄膜进行了荧光光谱分析。研究发现,在衬底温度为400℃,氧压1Pa左右所制备的ZnO薄膜表面比较均匀致密,晶粒生长较充分,有较高的结晶质量和发光强度。ZnO薄膜的近带边发射与薄膜的结晶质量和化学配比均有关系。     

Controlled Synthesis and Optical Properties of Pure Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by laser ablation of a gold metallic disc at wavelengths of 532 nm and 355 nm with 7 ns pulse duration in the pure water. The colloidal gold nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrometry. The presence of a surface plasmon resonance peak around ～ 524 nm indicates the formation of gold nanoparticles. The formation efficiencies of gold nanoparticles in colloids were found to increase when ablating the gold metallic disc with a laser having a longer wavelength. The size distributions of the gold nanoparticles thus produced were measured by transmission electron microscopy. A reduction in mean diameter of the particles was observed with a decrease in the laser wavelength under the irradiation at a high fluence of 25 mJ/pulse. The fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that these gold nanoparticles are fluorescent, showing a strong blue emission intensity at 458 nm.     

Multiphoton confocal microscopy using a femtosecond Cr:forsterite laser

With its output wavelength covering the infrared penetrating window of most biological tissues at 1,200-1,250 nm, the femtosecond Cr:forsterite laser shows high potential to serve as an excellent excitation source for the multiphoton fluorescence microscope. Its high output power, short optical pulse width, high stability, and low dispersion in fibers make it a perfect replacement for the currently widely used Ti:sapphire laser. In this paper, we study the capability of using a femtosecond Cr:forsterite laser in multiphoton scanning microscopy. We have performed the multiphoton excited photoluminescence spectrum measurement on several commonly used bioprobes using the 1,230 nm femtosecond pulses from a Cr:forsterite laser. Efficient fluorescence can be easily observed in these bioprobes through two-photon or three-photon excitation processes. These results will assist in the selection of dichroic beam splitter and band pass filters in a multiphoton microscopic system. We have also performed the autofluorescence spectrum measurement from chlorophylls in live leaves of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana excited by 1,230 nm femtosecond pulses from the Cr:forsterite laser. Bright luminescence from chlorophyll, centered at 673 and 728 nm, respectively, can be easily observed. Taking advantage of the bright two-photon photoluminescence from chlorophyll, we demonstrated the two-photon scanning paradermal and cross-sectional images of palisade mesophyll cells in live leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana.     

Photoluminescence imaging of phosphor particles using near-field optical microscope with UV light excitation

We have developed fibre probes suitable for 325 nm UV light excitation and a photoluminescence near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) and demonstrated the photoluminescence imaging of phosphor BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇:Eu²⁺ (BAM) particles. The probe was fabricated by a two-step-etching method that we developed. The probe had a large taper angle at the top of the probe and a small taper angle at the root. The NSOM image was different from the topographical structure but roughly reflected the corresponding features of the particles. The inhomogeneity of the photoluminescence intensity between BAM particles was observed in the NSOM image. The photoluminescence intensity with various bandpass filters showed differences between the individual particles, which means that they have different spectra.