基子SNTP的多控制系统时钟同步方案的设计与应用

针对某化工典型生产装置内具有多控制系统的情况,以GPS接收器为时钟源为基准,设计了一种采用SNTP协议对多个控制系统的孤立时钟进行实时时钟同步的技术方案.该方案利用GPS天线接收卫星信号作为主时钟,由网络时间服务器计算得到基准系统时间,通过以太网端口向DCS、SIS、PLC等多个控制系统提供时钟同步服务.通过实际应用验证,表明该方案设置简单,运行稳定可靠,时间同步精度满足生产过程控制的要求,实现了多个控制系统之间的全局时钟同步.     

基于SNTP的多控制系统时钟同步方案的设计与应用

针对某化工典型生产装置内具有多控制系统的情况,以GPS接收器为时钟源为基准,设计了一种采用SNIP协议对多个控制系统的孤立时钟进行实时时钟同步的技术方案。该方案利用GPS天线接收卫星信号作为主时钟,由网络时间服务器计算得到基准系统时间,通过以太网端口向DCS、SIS、PLC等多个控制系统提供时钟同步服务。通过实际应用验证,表明该方案设置简单,运行稳定可靠,时间同步精度满足生产过程控制的要求,实现了多个控制系统之间的全局时钟同步。     

EtherCAT嵌入式主站的同步控制性能分析

随着机械制造自动化对同步要求不断提高,EtherCAT的应用越来越广泛。在重点研究EtherCAT分布时钟机制的基础上,提出了基于实时嵌入式系统μC/OS-III完成主站的方案。主站对从站的传输延时、初始偏移进行测量,多次读写从站寄存器,待从站同步误差满足阀值后发送同步激活信号,最终实现主站的同步控制技术。最后搭建一个测试系统,读取从站设备时钟漂移寄存器和同步信号SYNC0启动时间寄存器的值并进行分析,结果表明了EtherCAT嵌入式主站精度高、稳定性强的同步控制性能。     

空间相机集成测试系统的时钟同步

为实现空间相机地面集成测试系统中各专用设备精确时钟同步的要求,提出了一种以GPS卫星同步时钟为时钟源,将时间报文和脉冲信号相结合的综合对时方法。采用FPGA和VHDL设计了时间报文接收、脉冲对时、内部守时时钟及PCI本地控制逻辑等模块。利用Windows2000/XP下的WDM框架开发了PCI总线驱动程序,实现时统卡与专用设备之间时间信息的实时传输。设计了微秒级延时的秒脉冲作备用秒输入,解决了系统工作时因GPS卫星同步时钟意外断电引起时间信息中断的技术问题。示波器测试结果表明,专用设备之间的同步时间精度≤10μs;时间准确度≤10μs。半年运行测试验证表明,精确时钟同步系统稳定、可靠,满足空间相机集成测试系统的实时对时需要。     

基于GPS校准晶振的高精度时钟的设计

文章结合高精度晶振无随机误差和GPS秒时钟无累计误差的特点,采用GPS测量监控技术,对高精度晶体振荡器的输出频率进行精密测量和调节,使晶振的输出频率同步在GPS系统上,从而提供高精度的时钟信号。根据此方法研制了具有高性价比的高精度时钟发生装置,并成功的应用于通信系统中。     

基于NTP的装备管理信息系统时钟同步技术研究

为了解决装备管理信息系统中各分布式信息采集终端采集信息的时间差异问题,在对GPS授时原理和NTP网络协议进行分析的基础上,提出了基于GPS和NTP的装备管理信息系统的时钟同步技术方案,将GPS时钟作为系统的标准时间源,结合NTP协议对各信息采集终端进行时钟同步,从而实现了维持系统各信息时间一致性的目的.     

GPS在同步电压相角测量装置中的应用

本文首先分析了同步电压相角测量的重要性,对电压相角测量原理和母线电压相量测量方法进行了综合阐述。介绍了GPS的组成,论证了利用GPS的精确时间作为全电网的同步时钟在同步电压相角测量中的重要性。重点分析了基于GPS同步电压相角测量装置的组成和各部分的作用及实现电路,并给出了软件设计流程、部分重要程序。最后对装置进行了重点分析了基于GPS同步电压相角测量装置的组成和各部分的作用及实现电路。GPS同步电压相角测量装置可以同步、实时的测量不同点的电压相位,为电网的安全运行提供了必要参数,研究基于GPS的电压同步相角的测量有重要意义。     

基于GPS的电能计量装置时钟测试系统

研究阐述一种新型的可测试电能计量装置的时钟基频误差并采用GPS同步时间校准其实时时钟的系统的研制过程,并对系统的测量不确定度进行了分析与评定.在当前峰谷电价政策下,这种系统为电能计量管理尤其是分时电价的管理提供了一种安全、有效、准确、方便的技术手段,有效地解决了电力行业对计量装置的时钟进行准确测试的重点和难点;当然,该系统也可广泛用于其它计时精确的电子产品的时钟测试.     

网络式仪器总线同步协议的精确时间戳生成方法的研究

网络式仪器总线是一种基于M-LVDS技术的面向仪器应用的多主式仪器总线。由于仪器应用中对实时性的要求很高,基于IEEE-1588时间同步协议实现了网络式仪器总线的时间同步机制。为了获得更高的同步精度,设计了一种物理层时间标记的硬件电路。该电路采用移相时钟时间测量方法,用低速的时钟信号实现了高分辨率的时间标记电路。最后,采用Xilinx公司的Virtex5系列FPGA芯片研制了相应的测试平台。实验结果表明,在此测试平台上,网络式仪器总线的同步精度可达到10 ns。     

一种改进的高精度POS时间同步方法

结合现有时间同步方法及高精度POS的应用需求,提出了一种以GPS接收机输出的1PPS秒脉冲为基准,采用数字参数反馈方式,对惯性测量单元的数据采集脉冲周期进行实时修正的高精度POS时间同步方法,并给出了一种简易的POS时间同步精度测试方法.然后结合光纤陀螺POS实际系统进行了时间同步精度测试和对比实验.结果表明,所提出的时间同步方法能够克服时钟漂移并修正时间信号传输延迟,在保证工作可靠性的同时实现了在融合点上数据的高精度同步.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.