APEEMD及其在转子碰摩故障诊断中的应用

总体平均经验模态分解(ensemble empirical mode decomposition,简称EEMD)是抑制经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)模态混叠的有效方法,针对EEMD分解效果依赖于添加噪声的大小、筛分次数和总体平均次数等参数的选择及噪声残留大、分解不完备等问题,提出了自适应部分集成经验模态分解。该方法通过成对地向目标信号加入自适应噪声,并对每个内禀模态函数(intrinsic mode function,简称IMF)自动选择筛选次数,通过排列熵检测筛分出高频IMF,再对剩余信号进行EMD分解。将提出的方法应用于仿真和转子碰摩故障试验数据分析,结果表明提出的方法能够有效地应用于转子碰摩故障诊断,而且在分量的精确性、完备性和模态混叠的抑制等方面优于EEMD方法。     

基于傅里叶分解方法的航空发动机转子故障诊断

针对传统时频分析法无法提取转子故障特征信息的问题,提出了基于傅里叶分解方法(FDM)的转子碰摩故障诊断方法。构造了调频调幅仿真信号,对比FDM、集合经验模态分解(EEMD)、变分模态分解(VMD)的分解结果发现,FDM能够实现仿真信号的完备性分解,且时频分辨率高。利用FDM对采集到的转子试验器机匣单点-转子全周碰摩试验故障数据进行诊断,不同算法故障信号分解结果的周期功率谱密度估计和故障特征提取结果表明,该方法具有更高的诊断可靠性,可有效地解决转子故障诊断问题。     

变分模态分解在转子故障诊断中的应用

针对转子故障诊断问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)的信号处理方法。该方法在获取分解分量的过程中通过迭代搜寻变分模型最优解来确定每个分量的频率中心及带宽,从而能够自适应地实现信号的频域剖分及各分量的有效分离,对各单分量信号进行希尔伯特变换,即可得到瞬时的频率和幅值信息。对仿真信号和典型转子故障信号进行VMD方法和经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)方法的分析比较,以验证所提方法的有效性。仿真信号的分解结果表明,变分模态能够准确分离出信号中的固有模态分量且不存在模态混叠;转子故障实验信号的分析结果表明,所提方法能够有效提取出明显的故障特征,从而准确诊断出转子存在的故障。     

基于Teager-Huang变换的转子局部碰摩故障诊断

针对转子碰摩故障诊断问题,提出一种基于Teager-Huang变换的转子局部碰摩故障特征提取方法,该方法首先通过经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)将原始振动信号分解为若干个本征模态函数(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)分量,然后利用Teager量算子计算IMF分量的瞬时幅值和瞬时频率,得到故障信号的时频分布信息。通过转子局部碰摩故障诊断实例分析结果表明Teager-Huang变换方法比Hilbert-Huang变换方法能更好地追踪转子碰摩的发生,并能有效提取转子碰摩故障特征,验证了该方法的有效性。     

ABC-VMD和包络谱分析在齿轮故障诊断中的应用

针对齿轮箱故障的非线性、非稳定性特点,提出了一种参数优化变分模态分解(Variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)提取特征频率的方法。首先,利用人工蜂群算法(Artificial bee colony algorithm,简称ABC)对VMD分解的层数和惩罚因子进行自适应选择;其次,根据互信息法在VMD分解后得到的有限个本征模态函数(Intrinsic mode function,简称IMF)中选择最佳模态函数;最后,对该模态函数进行包络谱分析,有效提取齿轮故障特征频率。仿真与实验结果表明,与经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)以及基于粒子群优化算法(Particle swarm optimization,简称PSO)的变分模态分解方法相比较,ABC-VMD方法自适应性强,可以有效克服模态混叠、信号丢失及过度分解问题,能够准确诊断齿轮箱故障,同时避免PSO-VMD易陷入局部最优的缺点。     

基于VMD-MDE和ELM的柱塞泵微弱故障诊断

针对早期微弱故障信号易受噪声干扰、难以提取和识别的问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)多尺度散布熵(multiscale dispersion entropy,简称MDE)和极限学习机(extreme learning machine,简称ELM)的柱塞泵微弱故障诊断方法。首先,采集各状态的振动信号进行VMD分解,得到若干模态分量,根据各模态分量Hilbert包络谱中特征频率能量贡献率大小,提出以归一化特征能量占比(feature energy ratio,简称FER)为重构准则的变分模态分解特征能量重构法(variational mode decomposition feature-energyreconsitution,简称VMDF),对各模态分量进行信号重构;其次,计算重构信号的MDE,对各尺度散布熵进行分析,选择有效尺度散布熵作为特征向量;最后,将提取的特征向量输入ELM完成故障模式识别。柱塞泵不同程度滑靴端面磨损故障的实验结果表明,该方法不仅提高了模式识别效率,还可以更好地反映故障程度变化规律,具有较好的应用性。     

基于DS⁃VMD及相关峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断

为了自适应确定变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)的有关参数,减少轴承振动信号处理过程中对先验知识的依赖,提出了一种基于微分搜索(differential search,简称DS)的VMD参数自适应寻优算法,结合相关峭度指标实现轴承故障特征自适应提取。首先,采用DS算法对VMD的相关参数进行自适应寻优,并对信号进行VMD;其次,计算各本征模态函数(intrinsic mode functions,简称IMF)的相关峭度值,并利用该指标对各分量进行加权重构;然后,对重构信号进行包络谱分析以提取轴承故障特征;最后,将所提出方法与通过经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)方法及人为确定参数的传统VMD进行对比。仿真信号和实验数据分析表明:DS算法可有效确定VMD相关参数组合,且所提出方法可以更加准确、有效地识别出滚动轴承故障特征频率;与快速峭度图方法对比,所提出方法依然可以获得更好的结果。     

基于改进Hilbert-Huang变换的机械故障诊断

Hilbert-Huang变换(Hilbert-Huangtransform,HHT)通过经验模式分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)和Hilbert变换能够自适应地将复杂的非线性、非平稳信号刻画成Hilbert-Huang谱,突显信号的局部特征,具有良好的时频聚集能力,因此被广泛用于机械信号处理与故障诊断.然而,EMD存在的模式混淆问题使其难以获得准确的本征模式分量(Intrinsic mode function,IMF).此外,通常只有部分IMF包含故障敏感信息、表征故障特征.因此基于EMID和所有IMF的Hilbert-Huang谱的故障诊断精度有待提高.为此提出一种基于总体平均经验模式分解(Ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD)和敏感IMF的改进HHT.该方法利用EEMD获取无模式混淆的IMF,通过敏感度评估算法从EEMD所有的IMF中选择反应故障特征的敏感IMF,从而得到改进的Hilbert-Huang谱以更准确地诊断机械故障.通过仿真试验以及转子早期碰摩故障诊断的工程实例验证了改进HHT的有效性.     

机械转子动静碰摩故障的EMD分解Hilbert包络谱分析

为避免碰摩故障对旋转机械的影响,针对转子系统局部碰摩的特征,提出一种基于EMD分解Hilbert包络谱分析方法。该珐利用EMD方法分解含有碰摩故障的振动信号,提取出的IMF分量有明显的调幅特征,再对其中突出的IMF分量进行Hilbert包络谱分析提取出故障特征频率。与倒谱分析相比,得到的碰摩故障信息更加精确;与小波分析相比,能更容易提取出真实的故障特征。     

VMD和奇异差分谱在齿轮早期故障诊断中的应用

针对齿轮故障振动信号的多分量、多频率调制特性且早期故障振动信号信噪比低,故障特征微弱难以提取的问题,提出了基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)和奇异值差分谱的故障诊断方法。首先对采集到的齿轮故障振动信号进行VMD分解,得到一系列窄带本征模态分量(band-limited intrinsic mode functions,BLIMFS),由于噪声的干扰,从各个模态分量的频谱中很难对故障做出正确的判断;然后根据相关系数准则,选取与原始信号相关系数较大的分量构建Hankel矩阵并进行奇异值分解,求取奇异值差分谱,从差分谱中确定重构信号的有效阶次对信号进行降噪处理;最后对降噪处理后的信号进行Hilbert包络谱分析,即可从中准确地识别出齿轮的故障特征频率。仿真信号和齿轮箱齿轮故障模拟实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地降低噪声的影响,准确地提取到齿轮微弱的故障特征信息。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

基于多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化

针对传统的电力系统多目标粒子群优化算法采用权重系数法将多目标转化为单目标,从而忽视了各目标函数间的竞争关系这一问题,提出将非支配解提取法运用到电力系统多目标无功优化中,并设定了一套提取规则,以电力系统中的有功网损、电压偏差和电压稳定裕度为目标,使目标在充分竞争的情况下得出Pareto最优解,利用IEEE-14节点系统对多目标非支配解提取法的电力系统无功优化进行了仿真测试。研究结果表明,该算法一次运行可以得出多组非支配解,既有偏向单个目标的解也有兼顾所有目标的解,克服了权重系数法的盲目性和单一性,可使电力决策者根据实际问题选择最优解,具有较好的灵活性与多样性。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.