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基于高速数控前瞻控制技术的误差补偿算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为减少高速数控切削加工时大误差量补偿产生的有害机械振动,提出基于前瞻控制技术的误差补偿新方法.该方法的实现基于以下步骤:针对误差补偿器对中断服务程序单元位置控制的影响,建立具有前瞻控制功能的控制系统硬件框架与相应软件结构,将误差补偿器从中断服务程序单元位置控制环节去除;为获得误差补偿所需要的速度值,阐述前瞻控制速度规划算法的具体实现;根据误差数据段与插补数据段的位置关系,将误差数据进行分类;根据分类,结合前瞻控制算法所确定的速度规划曲线,误差数据在加工时通过指令解析器与插补数据在一个或多个插补周期内线性融合,从而实现误差的补偿. 相似文献
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本文通过对机床数控中逐点比较法等常用插补方法的误差分析,提出了一种既考虑速度条件,同时又考虑偏差条件的插补方法──半步偏差法。文中导出了该插补方法的极为简洁的递推计算公式。 相似文献
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为满足高速高精数控加工,保障机床加工性能与稳定性,提出一种误差补偿优化方法。基于微积分思想与等比例分配原则,通过多项式计算对理想插补过程与实际插补过程的误差开展分析原因,讨论了当前系统加减速过程中误差产生的原因,发现误差主要存在于插补过程中产生的弓高误差,构建了误差分配数学模型,将插补过程产生的弓高误差累和,根据速度变化规律平均分配在插补的整个过程中。MATLAB仿真结果表明,加入误差补偿优化后能有效实现速度的平滑过渡,同时减小了实际插补过程产生的位移误差,使得拟合曲线更加符合理想情况,保证了加工的稳定性和加工精度,且相比传统方法,优化后的算法复杂度更低,对分析机床加减速性能的研究有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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为实现数控加工中进给速度的平滑过渡,减少速度急剧变化时对机床的冲击,提出了一种参数曲线的实时前瞻插补算法。该算法根据加工弓高误差要求自适应地调整进给速度,同时找出速度敏感点。通过把前瞻距离分成两部分的方法,分析速度敏感点,找出最佳的加减速控制点,避免相邻速度敏感点间加减速过程的互相干涉,提早进行加减速控制,防止速度的急剧变化,从而在满足加工精度的同时也满足了机床的加减速性能。通过RT-Linux软数控下的实例,表明该算法能够适应曲线的各种变化,验证了其可行性。 相似文献
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为提高五轴非均匀有理B样条的插补精度,减轻段间转接时对机床的机械冲击,提出了一种速度前瞻控制处理方法.采用曲率圆逼近的方法建立了插补误差计算模型,并推导出满足插补误差要求的最小曲率半径与进给速度间的关系.采用数值分析方法预先计算出减速点的参数值,对样条插补进行了加减速前瞻规划处理.实时插补时对样条曲线上曲率半径较小的地方进行减速处理,以提高插补曲线的逼近精度.实例证明,该方法能有效降低插补误差和段间转接时的加速度,具有良好的实时性,可以应用到实际的数控系统中. 相似文献
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《计算机集成制造系统》2015,(9)
为解决由直线、圆弧与参数曲线形成的多类型曲线段混合插补过程中的进给速度前瞻规划问题,提出一种连续多类型曲线段进给速度前瞻规划算法。该算法以预读的加工路径作为进给速度规划单元,通过曲线段划分生成连续多类型曲线段;根据插补几何误差与机床动力学参数建立段间衔接点进给速度约束;使用三次多项式型进给速度曲线,利用解析法精确计算各曲线段在曲线长度约束下的进给速度参数,以充分发挥机床的动力学性能;使用回溯重规划策略进行全局规划,实现段间速度连续性;通过进给速度规划残差补偿策略降低残余长度、提高终点精度。实例分析表明,该算法能显著提高终点精度、生成平滑的进给速度曲线、降低加工时间。通过加工实验验证了该算法有效、可行,并能充分发挥机床的动力学性能。 相似文献
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由于非球面零件本身的特殊性和复杂性,较球面零件加工更加困难。基于自主研发的切线法数控成形非球面机床,分析加工零件表面精度的影响因素。采用单因素法分别对砂轮参数、冷却液影响因素进行分析,着重分析砂轮磨损和磨轮转速误差。严格控制加工过程中所产生的误差,避免由于过多误差影响最终零件的面形精度和表面粗糙度,优化工艺流程。 相似文献
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基于时间序列理论的误差预测补偿技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了机械加工精度控制模型及传统的误差补偿方法的局限性,尝试把时间序列预测理论应用于数控加工系统,构成了一种新型的误差预测补偿方法。基本思想是直接用已加工出的零件型面误差统计数据建立误差预测模型,得到加工下一零件时各轴不同时刻位置补偿量的预测值,达到提高复杂型面数控加工精度的目的。 相似文献
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Taik-Min Lee Eung-ki Lee Min-yang Yang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2007,31(11-12):1191-1197
With the rapid development of the information/image system and aero-space industries, high quality optic aspheric surface lenses play an increasingly important role for completion of the functionalities. Aspheric lenses are non-spherical surfaces having rotation symmetry about the lens axis. The aspheric lens has various shapes according to its application and often requires tens nanometer order form accuracy since surface roughness and form accuracy play essential roles in the functional performance of the optical products. Interpolation of the aspherical surface path must precisely meet the allowable tolerance. Linear interpolation of the aspheric surface path for CNC machining generates an enormous amount of NC code to satisfy the extremely small tolerance, and produces scallops on the machined surface due to the acceleration and deceleration of the tool during every linear motion. Alternatively, interpolations with bi-arcs are used. In this paper, in order to minimize the error induced by the cutting tool path and to shorten the calculation time of interpolation, a precise -arc interpolation method is proposed. The developed algorithm of bi-arc interpolation meets the given tolerance precisely. This is guaranteed by an analytical proof and error maps. Another advantage is its ability to calculate about five times faster than the existing arc interpolation, since iterative calculations for the maximum error can be omitted. The developed algorithm has been used for the precise aspheric machining. 相似文献
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Li-Bing Zhang You-Peng You Xue-Feng Yang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2013,64(1-4):335-348
The advanced manufacture technology requires that multi-axis coordinated motion computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools have the capability of high smoothness and high precision. At present, the study of the motion smoothness mainly concentrates on the acceleration and deceleration control method and the look-ahead process of velocity planning in the interpolation stage. The control strategy of the contouring error mainly focuses on tracking error control, cross-coupling control, and optimal control. In order to improve the motion smoothness and contouring precision for multi-axis high-speed CNC machine tools, a multi-axis modified generalized predictive control approach was presented in this paper. In the control strategy, the estimation models of tracking error, contouring error, velocity error, and acceleration error were structured separately. A new improved quadratic performance index was proposed to guarantee the minimum of these errors. Generalize predictive control was also introduced, a multi-axis generalized predictive control model was deduced for motion smoothness and machining precision for multi-axis coordinated motion CNC system, and an approved multi-axis generalized predictive controller based on the model was designed in this paper. The proposed predicted control approach was evaluated by simulation and experiment of circular, noncircular, and space line trajectories, respectively. These simulative and experimental results demonstrated that the proposed control strategy can significantly improve the motion smoothness and contouring precision. Therefore, the new position control method can be used for the servo control system of multi-axis coordinated motion CNC system, which increases motion smoothness and machining precision of CNC machine tools. 相似文献
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Geometric error compensation software system for CNC machine tools based on NC program reconstructing 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
Gangwei Cui Yong Lu Jianguang Li Dong Gao Yingxue Yao 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2012,63(1-4):169-180
It has been proved that error compensation is an effective approach to improve machining accuracy of a machine tool cost efficiently. In this paper, the framework of an error compensation software system, which can realize software error compensation via numerical control (NC) programs reconstructing, is investigated. And the algorithms relating to error prediction are discussed in detail, such as positioning movement error compensation, linear interpolation movement, and circular interpolation movement error compensation. To realize the error compensation, NC program is reconstructed according to the predicted errors during virtual machining before it is fed to the actual machining. Two controlled machining experiments were carried out. The results show that error compensation methods via reconstructing NC programs can improve the movement accuracy of a computer numerical control CNC machine tool obviously. 相似文献
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为提高数控机床热误差补偿模型在实际工程应用中的补偿精度和稳健性,研究了热误差补偿建模时机床最佳转速状态的选择方法。首先,以Leaderway V-450数控加工中心主轴Z向为研究对象,控制机床主轴在空转状态下,以图谱和恒定转速两种方式进行了多批次实验。然后,采用模糊聚类结合灰色关联度选择温度敏感点并建立多元线性回归模型。最后,分析不同转速类型下模型的预测效果并对同种转速类型下模型预测效果进行相对评价,从而给出热误差补偿建模时机床最佳转速状态的选择方法。实验结果表明,根据国际标准中不同主轴转速类型建立的热误差补偿模型,对于机床热误差预测效果存在较大差异。根据实际工程应用选择的最佳转速状态建立的补偿模型有较好的预测效果。 相似文献
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于栋梁 《机械制造与自动化》2022,51(1):56-60
为修正五轴数控机床加工误差,提高五轴数控机床加工质量,提出一种新的五轴数控机床加工误差动态修正方法.构建五轴数控机床加工误差计算模型,获取五轴数控机床加工的刀心方位、刀轴方位轮廓误差;锁定误差方位后,通过五轴数控机床误差的动态实时补偿方法,实现五轴数控机床加工误差动态修正.研究结果表明:所提方法可实现全方位、高效率的五... 相似文献
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为提高零件的数控加工精度,分析了影响数控加工精度的主要因素,并对高精数控加工的误差补偿方法进行了综合的论述,给出了一种软件误差补偿方法及补偿程序,通过该补偿方法进行补偿后,满足了高精数控加工的要求. 相似文献