微型轴承套圈沟道银膜厚度的测量

采用泰勒圆度仪测量微型轴承套圈沟道银膜厚度。由于标准试件上银膜的存在,使坐标记录纸上产生轮廓曲线的突跳量,最大突跳量(格)乘以仪器放大倍率的格值(μm/格),即得银膜厚度值(μm)。附图2幅。     

沉积温度及膜厚对离子镀银膜结构及摩擦学性能的影响

采用离子镀在不锈钢和45钢基体表面低温沉积银薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和真空摩擦试验机对低温沉积银膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和摩擦学性能进行了研究.结果表明:银膜的择优取向度随着沉积时间的延长和基体温度的降低具有明显变化;在-147℃沉积6 min条件下制备的银膜为表层具有(200)择优取向及底层为(111)择优取向的双层结构;银膜在载荷较高时也有较好的摩擦学性能.     

银镜工艺

在光学和元器件制造工业中,往往需要在玻璃瓶(如杜氏瓶)的玻璃内壁淀积上一层均匀、反射的银膜。由于是在玻璃瓶的内壁上淀积银膜,用真空镀膜的方法难于实现,现介绍一种化学淀积工艺——银镜反应工艺。 首先将被反应的玻璃(板式瓶)进行净化处理。处理的程序为:用干净的流水将玻     

镀银膜轴承在油和脂润滑下的摩擦性能

试验研究镀银膜轴承在干摩擦、润滑油和润滑脂复合润滑下的摩擦性能。试验结果显示:在中低转速下,镀银膜轴承在银膜和液体润滑剂(油和脂)复合润滑下的摩擦因数仅相当于银膜干摩擦下摩擦因数的10%左右,且变化平稳;在高转速下,试验轴承在银膜和液体润滑剂复合润滑下的摩擦因数随转速增加而增加,且银膜与润滑脂复合润滑条件下的摩擦因数随转速增加得更快,但仍小于银膜干摩擦下的摩擦因数;镀银膜轴承在银膜和液体润滑剂(油和脂)的复合润滑下的磨损小于银膜干摩擦时的磨损;中低转速下,镀银膜轴承在液体润滑剂(油和脂)复合润滑下的摩擦磨损性能远优于银膜干摩擦时的摩擦磨损性能。     

铜表面超疏水和超亲油银膜的制备和性能

将铜片置于硝酸银溶液中,通过电交换反应制备了银膜,然后用12-羟基硬脂酸(HSA)进行修饰,在铜表面成功制备了HSA修饰的银膜,并对其形貌、亲水性、亲油性及水接触角的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明:制备的银膜具有微纳米二元结构的树枝晶;经HSA修饰后的银膜具备超疏水性和超亲油性,在水、无水乙醇、丙酮和正己烷中具有良好的稳定性,在空气中放置较长时间后接触角基本保持不变。     

反应烧结碳化硅表面改性的初步研究

应用电子束蒸发硅,霍尔离子源电离甲烷,并辅助沉积的方法在反应烧结碳化硅(RB SiC)基底上沉积了碳化硅(SiC:H)改性薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明制备的碳化硅改性薄膜为α相.通过控制沉积速率,制备了硬度为9.781～13.087GPa,弹性模量为89.344～123.413GPa的碳化硅改件薄膜.比较同样条件下镀制银膜的抛光良好微晶玻璃和经过精细抛光的改性 RB SiC,结果表明两者反射率相近;附着力实验表明,制备的薄膜和基底结合良好;在温度冲击实验下,制备的薄膜无龟裂和脱落.     

铌酸锶钡铁电薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度的关系

叙述了使用溶胶—凝胶法在 Si( 0 0 1 )基片上制备不同厚度的铁电铌酸锶钡薄膜的过程 ,使用 X射线衍射 ,扫描电子显微镜 ,拉曼散射光谱等方法研究薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度之间的关系 ,薄膜的厚度一直能够达到 5 μm。实验发现 ,随着厚度的增加 ,SBN60薄膜在 ( 0 0 1 )方向的优先取向性越来越好。在逐层生长的过程中 ,处于底层的膜层能够起到缓冲层的作用 ,以逐渐改善薄膜与基片之间的晶格失配 ,从而使得晶体的结晶取向性越来越好     

镀锡银钎料扩散过渡区生长建模及数值分析

采用温度梯度法对镀锡银钎料进行热扩散处理,形成了扩散过渡区。借助金相显微镜（OM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）对扩散过渡区的厚度、表界面形貌进行分析研究,发现热扩散处理加快了Sn原子的扩散速度,使得Sn原子在银钎料中的浓度升高,扩散过渡区的厚度增加。以Sn原子在镀锡银钎料扩散过渡区的浓度变化为研究对象,由Fick定律建立了扩散过渡区总厚度的数学模型,借助Arrehenius方程对其参数进行数值分析;利用MATLAB软件和扩散过渡区厚度的试验数据对所建模型进行求解,得到了200℃、220℃镀锡银钎料扩散过渡区Sn原子生长的本构方程。试验结果证实所建本构方程在一定程度上可定量表征镀锡银钎料扩散过渡区Sn原子的生长规律。     

铌酸锶钡铁电薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度的关系

叙述了使用溶胶-凝胶法在Si(001)基片上制备不同厚度的铁电铌酸锶钡薄膜的过程,使用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,拉曼散射光谱等方法研究薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度之间的关系,薄膜的厚度一直能够达到5μm.实验发现,随着厚度的增加,SBN60薄膜在(001)方向的优先取向性越来越好.在逐层生长的过程中,处于底层的膜层能够起到缓冲层的作用,以逐渐改善薄膜与基片之间的晶格失配,从而使得晶体的结晶取向性越来越好.     

铌酸锶钡铁电薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度的关系

叙述了使用溶胶-凝胶法在Si(001)基片上制备不同厚度的铁电铌酸锶钡薄膜的过程,使用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,拉曼散射光谱等方法研究薄膜的微结构与薄膜厚度之间的关系,薄膜的厚度一直能够达到5μm.实验发现,随着厚度的增加,SBN60薄膜在(001)方向的优先取向性越来越好.在逐层生长的过程中,处于底层的膜层能够起到缓冲层的作用,以逐渐改善薄膜与基片之间的晶格失配,从而使得晶体的结晶取向性越来越好.     

6.5～14μm红外长波通滤光片正面膜系的研制

采用了规整膜系作为6．5-14μm红外长波通滤光片正面膜系的初始膜系,针对规整膜系中存在较大通带波纹的现象,利用Macleod光学薄膜分析软件有选择地对部分膜层进行优化。根据优化后的膜系设计结果,采用热电阻真空蒸发镀膜工艺镀制。光谱测试表明,膜系在6．5～14μm工作波段的通带波纹平坦,平均透过率达到88．5％,在3～5．5μm截止范围内Tmax〈0．2％,并具有很好的截止带边缘陡度。该膜系具有工艺简单,膜厚监控易于操作的特点,适用于工业大规模生产。     

Optimum film thickness of thin metallic coatings on silicon substrates for low load sliding applications

The frictional behaviour of thin metallic films on silicon substrates sliding against 52100 steel balls is presented. The motivation of this work is to identify an optimum film thickness that will result in low friction under relatively low loads for various metallic films. Dry sliding friction experiments on silicon substrates with soft metallic coatings (silver, copper, tin and zinc) of various thickness (1–2000 nm) were conducted using a reciprocating pin-on-flat type apparatus under a controlled environment. A thermal vapour deposition technique was used to produce pure and smooth coatings. The morphology of the films was examined using an atomic force microscope, a non-contact optical profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. Following the sliding tests, the sliding tracks were examined by various surface characterization techniques and tools. The results indicate that the frictional characteristics of silicon are improved by coating the surface with a thin metallic film, and furthermore, an optimum film thickness can be identified for silver, copper and zinc coatings. In most cases ploughing marks could be found on the film which suggests that plastic deformation of the film is the dominant mode by which frictional energy dissipation occurred. Based on this observation, the frictional behaviour of thin metallic coatings under low loads is discussed and friction coefficients are correlated with an energy based friction model.     

中红外双通道滤波器的研制

针对中红外目标探测需求,采用多个截止带拼接的设计方法,结合TFCal膜系设计软件优化各个膜层厚度,得到了中红外双通道滤波器膜系。通过对膜系敏感层的分析,将总膜系分成两个膜系进行镀膜,成功制备出2.7~3.0μm和4.1~4.4μm双通道滤波器。得到的样品在2.7~3.0μm波段平均透过率为73%,在4.1~4.4μm波段平均透过率为81%。该方法提高了膜系设计效率,减少了膜层数和总厚度,可解决膜系过厚带来的开裂和脱膜等问题,节约了镀膜时间和成本。     

工艺参数和沉积方法对ZnS／YbF3薄膜缺陷的影响

研究了不同沉积方式和工艺参数对沉积在K 9基底上的单层ZnS、Y bF3薄膜和多层ZnS/Y bF3薄膜缺陷的影响,发现基底温度和蒸发速率等工艺参数对缺陷的产生有较大的影响,太高或太低的基底温度和蒸发速率都会导致缺陷增加,采用电子束蒸发和蒸发源形状不同的阻蒸蒸发方式,缺陷密度分布有较大的差异。通过比较不同蒸发方式和工艺参数所镀薄膜的缺陷密度,找到了现有工艺条件下缺陷密度最小的最佳蒸发方式和工艺参数。     

A Method for the Measurement of Hydrodynamic Oil Films Using Ultrasonic Reflection

The measurement of the thickness of an oil film in a lubricated component is essential information for performance monitoring and control. In this work, a new method for oil film thickness measurement, based on the reflection of ultrasound, is evaluated for use in fluid film journal bearing applications. An ultrasonic wave will be partially reflected when it strikes a thin layer between two solid media. The proportion of the wave reflected depends on the thickness of the layer and its acoustic properties. A simple quasi-static spring model shows how the reflection depends on the stiffness of the layer alone. This method has been first evaluated using flat plates separated by a film of oil, and then used in the measurement of oil films in a hydrodynamic journal bearing. A transducer is mounted on the outside of the journal and a pulse propagated through the shell. The pulse is reflected back at the oil film and received by the same transducer. The amplitude of the reflected wave is processed in the frequency domain. The spring model is then used to determine the oil film stiffness that can be readily converted to film thickness. Whilst the reflected amplitude of the wave is dependent on the frequency component, the measured film thickness is not; this indicates that the quasi-static assumption holds. Measurements of the lubricant film generated in a simple journal bearing have been taken over a range of loads and speeds. The results are compared with predictions from classical hydrodynamic lubrication theory. The technique has also been used to measure oil film thickness during transient loading events. The response time is rapid and film thickness variation due to step changes in load and oil feed pressure can be clearly observed.     

基于Au-Ag复合膜的光纤表面等离子体共振传感器理论仿真研究

为增强基于Ag膜光纤表面等离子体共振(SPR)传感器的抗氧化能力,可将Au膜镀于Ag膜表面。利用TFCalc软件对不同厚度Ag膜和Au-Ag复合膜的光纤SPR传感特性进行理论仿真研究。仿真结果表明:光纤SPR吸收峰显著依赖于Ag膜厚度,当Ag膜厚度由40nm逐渐增加到80nm时,共振吸收峰的半峰全宽逐渐减小,且共振波长随Ag膜厚度的增大而减小,共振波长变化范围较小,仅为7nm左右;Au膜的引入对共振吸收峰反射率影响不大,不同厚度Au-Ag复合膜的SPR共振波长随Au膜厚度的增大而增大。     

类金刚石薄膜厚度的测量

采用真空等离子休沉积法沉积了类金刚石膜,采用椭圆偏振光测量法测定了薄膜的厚度,在测量薄膜厚度的同时也可知道所沉积膜的均匀性情况。     

新型光干涉法纳米级润滑膜厚度测量仪

润滑膜厚度的测量是开展纳米量级薄膜润滑状态研究的关键问题。利用光干涉法相对光强原理研制出一种纳米级润滑膜厚度测量仪,在低速低载荷条件下对点接触纯滑动润滑接触中心区润滑膜厚度进行测量,并讨论接触中心区和润滑膜厚度与速度和载荷之间的关系。结果表明:已测量的膜厚值已达到纳米量级,在设定工况下润滑膜厚度随速度增大而增大,随载荷增大而减小;比较Hamrock-Dowson公式计算结果和实验结论证明,这种仪器能有效实现对纳米级润滑薄膜厚度的测量。     

Behavior of thin viscous boundary films in lubricated contacts between micro-textured surfaces

Thin film colorimetric interferometry was used to map changes in film thickness in the vicinity of micro-dents of various depths produced on rubbing surfaces. It has been shown in recent studies that shallow micro-features within concentrated contact can increase mean film thickness by supplying more lubricant to the contact; however, this beneficial effect can also be accompanied by a local film thickness reduction. Nevertheless, these observations were done with mineral base oils that exhibited no boundary films formation. In this study the behavior of micro-textured surfaces are observed using formulated lubricant containing polyalcylmethacrylate (PAMA), viscosity index improver with boundary film forming properties. Obtained results show that an enlarged film thickness due to the presence of viscous boundary films is formed within the whole contact and these boundary films minimize the local film thickness reduction caused by micro-dents and further increase the efficiency of surface texturing within non-conformal contacts. It can be suggested from the obtained results that joint action of both boundary film formation and surface texturing combines both contributions that can help to increase tribological performances in different stages of machine parts operation by increasing lubrication film thickness.     

基于LabVIEW的宽光谱膜厚监控系统的研制

介绍了一种基于LabV IEW的光学镀膜宽光谱综合监控系统。阐述了光学镀膜宽光谱监控的原理和高级图像编程语言(LabV IEW)在此系统中的应用;监控系统可以用于光学薄膜在线实时监控和光学薄膜的光谱特性检测。