高速旋转状态下齿轮轴系耦合的模态分析

提出了一种用ANSYS分析齿轮轴系耦合模态的新方法,以齿轮箱齿轮转动系统为研究对象,根据转子动力学基本理论和齿轮啮合原理,建立了高速工作状态下转动轴系的有限元动力学模型。模拟某齿轮箱转动轴系实际工况,采用ANSYS中MPC方法对齿轮接触进行解算,得到齿轮低阶固有频率和主振型,并通过与静止状态下分析得到的固有频率进行对比分析,运用此方法可以在传动系统设计时避开齿轮箱啮合工作频率,避免由机械共振造成的整机故障,并为齿轮箱系统故障诊断提供理论支持。     

基于LMS工作模态测试的齿轮箱性能分析

基于LMS测试分析系统,对某试验齿轮箱进行工作模态测试和分析;采用最小二乘复频域法对齿轮箱各阶模态进行参数识别,并对工作模态分析过程中额外输入峰进行了辨识,剔除了谐波引起的虚假模态;通过对测试结果进行分析及讨论,发现齿轮安装偏心导致齿轮啮合频率及其谐波的分布;根据各阶模态振型的特性,对齿轮箱运行状况进行评价,提出对该齿轮箱结构设计的改进措施.     

风电机组传动链的动力学仿真研究

针对风电机组传动链在工作转速范围内的扭转共振问题,基于GL2010标准,结合动力学仿真软件SIMPACK和有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立了某兆瓦级风电机组传动链的多柔体动力学仿真模型,并使用模态分析方法对传动链动力学仿真模型进行了频域响应分析,基于2D坎贝尔图和模态能量分布图,筛选出了传动链的潜在共振点,最终通过时域仿真分析,对相关部件的加速度进行了傅里叶变换,进一步验证了该潜在共振点是否是实际的危险共振点。研究结果表明,该机型风电机组传动链不存在危险的共振频率,在工作转速范围内能够安全稳定地运行;该方法可为风电机组的稳定性和可靠性设计提供依据。     

大兆瓦级风电齿轮箱耦合动态特性及结构噪声分析

风电齿轮箱是风电机组的重要组成部分,其动态性能的好坏直接影响整个机组的性能。建立了具有两级行星加一级平行轴齿轮传动的大兆瓦级风电齿轮箱齿轮-传动轴-轴承-箱体系统耦合非线性动力学有限元模型,采用Lanczos法对齿轮箱系统进行耦合模态分析。在综合考虑直斜齿轮时变啮合刚度、齿轮误差及齿轮啮合冲击等内部激励因素综合作用影响下,运用直接积分法对整个风电齿轮箱系统进行了动态响应求解,从而获得齿轮箱各点的振动位移、速度及加速度动态评价指标,并且对系统结构噪声进行了分析。研究结果可为大兆瓦级风电齿轮箱的动态性能优化提供参考。     

基于刚柔耦合的行星齿轮减速器减振降噪研究

针对某精密行星齿轮减速器的振动噪声问题,通过Romax Designer软件建立刚柔耦合动力学模型;并对减速器箱体进行模态分析,提取箱体的前六阶约束模态振型和固有频率,确定产生噪声的共振频率点;同时分析了齿轮传动误差、齿轮时变啮合刚度等激励的特性.提出通过齿轮修形降低减速器内部动态激励进而减小振动和噪声的方法,并使用L...     

Output-only modal analysis of wind turbine tower based on vibration response under emergency stop

The identification technique of output-only modal parameters is proposed for the large wind turbine tower under emergency stop. Compared with the response of regular operating conditions, the immediate tower structural response under emergency stop much more resembles a state of free vibration, which is more appropriate for the modal identification of the wind turbine tower. The vibration response is measured in the nacelle, which is easy to perform in the field modal test. The variational mode decomposition (VMD) is applied to decompose the vibration response into several band-limited intrinsic mode functions. The free responses of decomposed functions are extracted by applying the random decrement technique (RDT). Finally, the modal damping ratio and natural frequency are identified from each free modal response by using the Hilbert transform method. Simulations and a 1.5 MW wind turbine field modal test results verify the effectiveness of the proposed identification method. The main modal parameters of wind turbine, including weak modes, are effectively extracted by using output-only vibration responses under emergency stop. The modal parameter identification method is provided for the large wind turbine structure under the engineering condition.     

铣削系统动态特性的试验研究及有限元仿真分析

为了抑制铣削强迫振动的发生,研究了由主轴、刀柄和刀具组成的旋转系统的动态特性。以东昱精机CMV-850A型数控加工中心的旋转系统为研究对象,采用锤击法进行模态分析,利用LMS Test.lab软件拟合模态数据,得到该系统的频响函数及固有频率。在ABAQUS软件中进行动力学仿真分析,比较两种方法获得的系统固有频率和动态响应,验证所建立的动力学仿真模型的准确性。研究表明,拟合的频响函数是可信的,建立的有限元模型能准确模拟铣削系统的动态特性。     

步兵战车车体结构有限元模型修正

针对某型步兵战车整车刚柔耦合发射动力学中柔性车体有限元模型精度低的问题,基于模态试验数据,应用支持向量机响应面模型修正理论对车体结构有限元模型进行了修正。应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对车体结构进行模态分析,提取前6阶模态的固有频率和振型。为验证模型,设计了模态试验方案,实测了车体结构的模态信息。基于有限元模型数据与实测数据的相对误差,采用支持向量机响应面模型修正方法对车体结构弹性模量和密度进行修正。模型确认结果和动力学模型应用结果表明,修正后的车体有限元模型精度有了大幅度提高,能更加真实地反映车体的结构特征,为射击精度分析提供了准确的模型基础。     

带轴锥齿轮超声研齿振动系统的设计与试验

为了满足带轴锥齿轮超声研磨加工的谐振频率要求,利用波动理论对不同结构的3种带轴锥齿轮的超声变幅系统进行谐振设计,建立了统一的谐振频率方程,并对位移放大系数和最大应力进行了比较。运用有限元方法,对由复合变幅杆和换能器组成的超声激励-变幅振动系统进行了模态分析和谐响应分析。最后对超声振动系统进行了阻抗分析和频率测试。试验结果表明：实际超声振动系统的谐振频率为23.269kHz,与设计频率误差约1.17%,试验结果与有限元分析和理论分析结果基本吻合,验证了理论设计的准确性。     

An acoustic–structural interaction modelling for the evaluation of a gearbox-radiated noise

Gearbox power transmissions are widely used in the automotive industry. They have a complex vibro-acoustic behaviour that is influenced by the various acoustic–structural interaction mechanisms. This paper concentrates on modelling these systems using a three-dimensional finite-element (FE) approach for the structure combined with a Rayleigh integral (RI) method for the acoustic radiation process. A modal analysis method is used to evaluate the elasto-acoustic modal characteristics for the coupled system. Effect of the fluid inside the gearbox on the vibration response is discussed. The combined use of this FE/RI model enables evaluation of the acoustic response. A case study of a simplified gearbox internally excited with gear mesh stiffness fluctuation is presented. Vibratory analysis allows concluding that the vibro-acoustic coupling between elastic housing, air-cavity and free acoustic field have not to be neglected.     

侵彻过程弹体结构响应频率特性的分析方法

为了研究侵彻过程中弹体结构响应的频率特性,通过建立弹体的有限元模型,利用弹体结构模态分析求解得到弹体的固有频率和振型,并对弹体进行谐响应分析,得到弹体在侵彻阻力作用下达到共振时的频率.针对侵彻加速度信号是非平稳时变信号,采用总体经验模态分解算法对实测的侵彻信号进行分解,找到与谐响应分析获得的共振频率相对应的分量,从而估计出弹体结构响应的对应频率.通过对实测的侵彻4层混凝土靶板的加速度信号分析,分解出的第3阶固有模态函数分量频率与谐响应分析所得弹体结构响应共振频率的相对误差为4·2％,该分量为弹体结构响应加速度信号,从而得到该实验弹在侵彻过程中弹体结构响应的频率.     

基于ANSYS的某型航空发动机涡轮叶片的振动特性分析

以某型航空发动机的高压涡轮叶片为研究对象,采用Solidworks软件建立其三维实体模型,基于有限元分析软件ANSYS对其进行振动特性分析,得出叶片的振动频率特性和前六阶振动模态特性。仿真结果对涡轮叶片的设计和改进具有一定的指导意义。     

Operational mode-shape normalisation with a structural modification for small and light structures

When dealing with small and light structures, difficulties occur when measuring the modal parameters. The resonant frequencies are usually relatively high and therefore a wide frequency range is needed for the measurement. Furthermore, the mass that is added to the structure by the sensors causes structural modifications. To overcome these difficulties, an improved method using an operational modal analysis instead of an experimental modal analysis is proposed in this study. It is derived from the sensitivity-based operational mode-shape normalisation with a consideration of the mode-shape variation. The measurement of the excitation force is not needed, because the operational modal analysis is used and only two simultaneous response measurements at an unknown excitation are required. The proposed method includes the cancellation of the added mass, resulting in mode shapes and resonant frequencies of the unmodified structure. The numerical and experimental results on small and light structures are compared with the results of the experimental modal analysis. The comparison shows that the proposed approach allows measurements over a wide frequency range and increases the accuracy of the results compared to the sensitivity-based operational mode-shape normalisation and also compared to the particular experimental modal analysis method that was used in this study. The advantages of the proposed method can be seen whenever the mass that is added to the structure by the accelerometer is not negligible and therefore a variation of the mode shapes occurs.     

弧齿锥齿轮箱动态特性分析及辐射噪声预估

以升船机同步系统用弧齿锥齿轮箱为研究对象,综合考虑锥齿轮副刚度激励、误差激励和啮合冲击激励等内部动态激励,建立了包含弧齿锥齿轮副、传动轴、轴承和箱体等的齿轮系统动力有限元模型,采用ANSYS对齿轮系统进行动态响应分析,得到齿轮箱的振动位移、振动速度及振动加速度;以箱体表面节点振动位移为边界激励条件,在SYSNOISE中建立箱体声学边界元模型,采用直接边界元法进行辐射噪声预估,得出箱体表面的声压云图及场点的辐射噪声。结果表明:齿轮箱动态响应及辐射噪声的峰值频率均出现在啮合频率及其倍频处。     

基于SolidWorks的变速箱变速机构模态分析

以某农用车变速箱为研究对象,采用SolidWorks软件建立变速箱变速机构的三维模型,运用Simulation模块通过有限元方法对变速机构进行模态分析,得到变速机构在各阶频率下的模态形式,为变速机构的工程反求和优化设计提供参考.     

Multi-objective genetic algorithms based structural optimization and experimental investigation of the planet carrier in wind turbine gearbox

To improve the dynamic performance and reduce the weight of the planet carrier in wind turbine gearbox, a multi-objective optimization method, which is driven by the maximum deformation, the maximum stress and the minimum mass of the studied part, is proposed by combining the response surface method and genetic algorithms in this paper. Firstly, the design points’ distribution for the design variables of the planet carrier is established with the central composite design (CCD) method. Then, based on the computing results of finite element analysis (FEA), the response surface analysis is conducted to find out the proper sets of design variable values. And a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is applied to determine the direction of optimization. As well, this method is applied to design and optimize the planet carrier in a 1.5 MW wind turbine gearbox, the results of which are validated by an experimental modal test. Compared with the original design, the mass and the stress of the optimized planet carrier are respectively reduced by 9.3% and 40%. Consequently, the cost of planet carrier is greatly reduced and its stability is also improved.     

不同P-Y数据对于海上风电机组结构频率影响分析

海上风电机组的载荷计算工作首先需要解决整机频率计算问题,以保证整机运行在合理的安全频率范围内.针对这一问题,以Aeroflex和Bladed两款仿真软件为仿真平台对整机频率进行了仿真计算,建立了基于东海大桥海上风机为研究对象的仿真模型.在分别考虑0.8倍的p-Y数据,1.2倍的P-Y数据以及海底桩基冲刷等情况下,仿真计算了不同海洋桩基环境整机模态频率.将两款仿真软件的模拟分析结果进行横向比较,研究发现两款仿真软件前几阶模态分析结果比较接近,基本吻合,验证了该海上风电机组模型构建准确以及前几阶基础模态分析的准确性.同时模拟分析的研究结果表明,不同桩基情况土壤P-Y值整体倍率小范围改变对于整机基础频率的影响变化不大.     

机夹式球头铣刀有限元及试验模态分析

针对加工过程中机夹式球头铣刀振动控制和铣削稳定性优化等问题,基于通用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了机夹式球头铣刀的有限元模型,对其模态特性进行有限元分析,给出了前6阶固有频率和振型;同时采用锤击激振法对球头铣刀进行了模态试验,应用模态参数识别的新技术PolyMAX方法对试验结果进行了处理,获得了模态参数识别稳态图,拾取了可能的模态频率,并将所得试验结果与有限元模态分析结果作了比较,计算了仿真值与试验值之间的误差,分析了出现误差的主要原因。研究结果表明,有限元模态分析结果与模态试验结果相吻合,模态频率误差在13%以内,较好地反映了结构的物理特性,同时验证了有限元模型的合理性,分析结果为球头铣刀振动控制和铣削稳定性研究提供了依据。     

基于灵敏度分析的刀形天线有限元模型修正

准确可靠的有限元模型是结构动态特性分析、设计改进的基础,文中利用模态试验得到的模态参数对某刀形天线进行有限元模型修正.首先建立天线结构的参数化模型,然后通过灵敏度分析选择合适的设计参数作为后续优化对象,利用计算与试验的模态频率之间的相对误差构造加权的优化目标函数,最后应用1阶优化方法修正结构的有限元模型.修正后有限元模型的模态频率最大相对误差降低至10%以内,模态置信度(MAC)均大于0.8.该修正模型可用于后续的动力学分析.     

挖掘机式冲击器工作装置的谐响应分析

参考30 t级机型建立挖掘机式冲击器两种典型工况姿态的三维模型,将模型导入ANSYS Workbench中建立较高网格精度的有限元模型。对工作装置进行模态分析获得两种工况的频率和振型,然后采用模态叠加法进行谐响应分析获得两种工况工作装置关键部位沿X、Y和Z向的在频域的位移响应曲线。为了解挖掘机式冲击器工作装置关键部位的幅频特性,挖掘机和冲击器的频率匹配提供一定的依据。