基于数据库技术的CAD参数化设计关键技术及实现方法

这里主要介绍应用数据库技术实现CAD参数化设计关键技术,包括矢量图形的数据库存取技术,尺寸约束实现技术,与数据库的连接技术,基准点拾取及CAD对象模型编程技术,并以Access数据库为例,介绍采用Delphi编程语言的实现方法。     

特征技术在组合式空调机组CAD系统中的应用

特征技术是实现CAD／CAM集成的关键技术之一，本文主要介绍特征建模技术在组合式空调机组CAD图形系统中的具体运用，并介绍系统的实现方法。     

基于AutoCAD实现齿轮范成法加工仿真

本文介绍通过ActiveX技术实现Visual Basic与AutoCAD软件的集成,利用AutoCAD二次开发技术实现齿轮范成法加工的计算机仿真。     

快速逆向工程技术及应用

介绍了逆向工程的含义、主要应用领域、分类、流程及相关技术,重点介绍了接触式和非接触式三维坐标的采集、三维坐标数据的处理方法,从而实现几何模型的构造,并对逆向工程的应用进行了介绍。逆向工程技术是消化吸收国外先进技术、促进科技成果进步、实现技术创新的重要手段,是发展高新技术、提升企业竞争力的有效途径。     

基于Web的网络化虚拟仪器技术及应用

远程测控是信息时代新型仪器设备的重要技术标志，也是目前测控领域的一个热门研究主题。介绍了一个虚拟仪器技术和因特风技术为基础的解决方案－－基于Web的网络化虚拟仪器技术。其核心是用虚拟仪器技术实现传统仪器的测量功能，用因特风网技术实现远程交互式操作和测量数据传输。还介绍了用该方案实现的一个网络化热轧监测系统实例。     

Pro/E行为建模技术在叶轮设计中的应用

介绍了第五代建模技术-行为建模技术，应用Pro／E行为建模技术实现对叶轮优化设计，通过轴向流道优化建模过程详细介绍了行为建模技术。通过开放式可扩展环境，使用用户自定义分析(UDA)，实现特定的设计要求。     

平面连杆机构运动学仿真

介绍通过AetiveX技术实现Visual Basic与MATLAB、AutoCAD软件的集成,利用MATLAB计算引擎、AutoCAD二次开发等技术实现平面连杆机构的运动仿真.     

一种新型制造加工手段——快速成型制造技术

介绍了快速成型制造技术的原理、实现方式、技术特点及发展前景。     

阀岛技术在自动化生产线上的应用

介绍了如何应用阀岛技术、现场总线技术实现生产线的自动化控制。     

蓝牙技术在机床数控系统通讯中的应用研究

简要介绍了蓝牙技术及其特点,并就利用蓝牙技术实现机床数控系统的通讯的实现方法--代替串行总线和构建无线制造网络进行了讨论.     

Ultrastructural alterations in liver of mice exposed chronically and transgenerationally to aqueous extract of betel nut: Implications in betel nut‐induced carcinogenesis

The aqueous extract of betel nut (AEBN) induces the formation of preneoplastic nodules in the liver of Swiss Albino mice and leads to increased predisposition to cancer when administered transgenerationally. The aim of this investigation was to elucidate the alterations in ultrastructure of subcellular organelles in the liver nodules using transmission electron microscopy and to determine whether these alterations have implications in AEBN‐induced carcinogenesis. Male and female Swiss Albino mice were exposed to AEBN chronically and transgenerationally at a dose of 2 mg/mL in drinking water for 24 weeks. Extensive polymorphism was noted in nuclear shape and heterochromatin organization. Heterochromatin aggregation and marginalization were observed in the nuclei of chronically exposed mice, whereas transgenerationally exposed mice exhibited dispersion or loss of heterochromatin. The nuclear envelope was disrupted, and the nucleoli were enlarged in chronically exposed mice, whereas in transgenerationally exposed mice the nucleoli were reduced in size or totally absent. The cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum were dilated and disrupted, and a large number of autophagic vesicles were observed in both chronically and transgenerationally exposed mice. Atypical mitochondria that underwent extensive cristolysis and progressively declined in size and number from the chronically exposed mice to the different generations of transgenerationally exposed mice were also observed. Thus, exposure to AEBN resulted in severe loss of ultrastructural integrity of cells in the liver nodules, and the progressive loss of mitochondrial function appeared to play a significant role in increasing the predisposition to cancer of mice exposed transgenerationally to AEBN. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Assessment of information technology effects on management of supply chain based on fuzzy logic in Iran tail industries

Evolutions rooted in technology in market arena, business, and demands reforms in supply chain and consequently more demands for created value by end user are among factors causing reforms on management of supply chain. Integrity of supply chain activities and utilized technologies is an essential factor to survive competitions in the market. Organizations, therefore, need to adopt policies to coordinate themselves with new arena in market and electronic commerce. Despite bad news from Iran tail industries about unplanned production, the industry is still in growing path. In addition to easy access to mineral resources and low-energy costs, which have made it quite reasonable to invest in the industry, state tariff policies for imported tail products have made new investment chances in the industry. As a result, Iran recently won a position among five leading counties in world tail industry. However, knowing about high profit margin in tail industries, many countries have stepped into the market and through producing high-quality products have intensified competition in the market. This study tries to identify and assess IT indexes in Iran tail industry’s supply chain and hopes to take a step forward to gain better market position in international market by prioritizing the indexes using fuzzy logic.     

Acceptability of measurement standards and calibrations from foreign countries

The standards of measurement maintained by national standards laboratories in the metrologically more advanced countries may safely be regarded as equivalent for the vast majority of practical applications. In each country industrial laboratories are encouraged to ensure that their measurements have proper traceability to their own national laboratories, and this should in principle ensure compatibility between industrial measurements made in different countries. The compatibility of the measurement systems of different countries is being increasingly questioned, however, as trade in high-technology products and co-production of sophisticated devices increase. Manufacturing companies with excellent measurement accreditation in their own country are being asked to establish direct traceability to foreign standards of measurement and, in effect, to bypass their own national measurement systems. Although a degree of cross-checking and redundancy is always a valid precaution in metrology, the situation should not be allowed to get out of hand. In the case of Australia, requirements for our manufacturers to establish traceability to other than the Australian standards cannot be technically justified except in rare instances. It would be a costly imposition on manufacturers to require them to establish direct traceability to the standards of every country with which they have contracts. Unwarranted requirements for traceability to foreign standards are contrary to the 1979 GATT Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, and tend to undermine the domestic national system of measurement.     

基于多Agent的虚拟企业调度研究与实现

针对虚拟企业制造环境的不确定性、动态性和复杂性，运用多Agent技术实现生产调度系统的反应性和智能性．构建了虚拟企业生产调度系统体系结构；通过Agent能力匹配来实现任务分解；采用基于合同网的协商和多属性决策来解决虚拟企业调度问题中的任务分配和协作，利用集成的优化算法来自动处理调度优化问题，并进行了原型系统的开发。     

集成便携式硝酸盐浓度快速检测仪

为了降低水溶液中硝酸盐含量检测中的操作难度，提高测量结果的可靠性，提出了一种智能化仪器设计的新方法。通过微控制器控制下的微型电子天平和反射式光电传感器的有机结合，构成集成一体化的智能便携式测量系统。借助微型电子天平，将原液稀释过程的比例分析和基于光电辨色传感器的浓度检测通过微控制器实现信息融合，可方便快捷地测算出原液的硝酸盐含量，提供一种体积小、使用方便的便携式硝酸盐快速测量系统。     

Application of 3 × 3 transformation matrix in the correction of three-dimensional AFM image tilts through coordinate transformation

In atomic force microscopy (AFM), it is difficult to maintain samples in a perfect horizontal position on the piezoelectric stage of an AFM to obtain accurate measurement of surface features and to enhance the visual effect of topographic images. Correction of the tilted image therefore requires the use of an appropriate 3 × 3 transformation matrix which will transform the coordinates to simultaneously correct the tilt in both the x-and y-axes due to the three-dimensional nature of AFM images. In this study, application of transformation matrix in three-dimensions for the simultaneous correction of image tilts in both the x- and y-axes by the method of coordinate transformation in three-dimensions is presented. Application of the matrix in simultaneously correcting tilts in the x- and y-axes of an AFM image is implemented by simulating an image assuming there are tilts in both the x- and y-axes. Results of features measurement after transforming the coordinates with the matrix show the efficacy of the matrix. This will conveniently replace the line-by-line analysis done to remove tilts in AFM, which has been the practice long before now. It also has the advantage of correcting images by simultaneously removing tilts in both the x- and y-axes as a veritable replacement of having to separately correcting tilts in images. This matrix can be used to transform coordinates in three-dimensions to obtain accurate step height and linewidth in AFM images.     

Friction and Transfer Behavior of Pyrolytic Boron Nitride in Contact with Various Metals

Sliding friction experiments were conducted with pyrolytic boron nitride in sliding contact with itself and various metals. Auger emission spectroscopy was used to monitor transfer of pyrolytic boron nitride to metals and metals to pyrolytic boron nitride. Results indicate that the friction coefficient for pyrolytic boron nitride in contact with metals can be related to the chemical activity of the metals and more particularly to the divalence bond character of the metal. Transfer was found to occur to all metals except silver and gold and the amount of transfer was less in the presence than in the absence of metal oxide. Friction was less for pyrolytic boron nitride in contact with a metal in air than in vacuum.     

Ascending efferent projections of the superior olivary complex

The superior olivary complex conveys information about binaural time and intensity to higher centers in the auditory pathway. This information is sent primarily to the subdivisions of the inferior colliculus and to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. Olivary projections are the predominant afferents to the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Electron microscopic observations of axonal endings in the central nucleus suggest that the ipsilateral medial superior olive and contralateral lateral superior olive make excitatory synapses. In contrast, the axons from the ipsilateral lateral superior olive to the central nucleus contain glycine and have a morphology consistent with inhibitory synapses. Little is known about the transmitter types used by olivary projections to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, but they are presumed to be similar to the collicular projections. Olivary ascending efferents are tonotopically organized and terminate in laminae in the inferior colliculus. They combine with other laminar afferents and postsynaptic neurons to create fibro-dendritic laminae in the colliculus. The key to the functional organization of the olivary efferents is the possible segregation of excitatory olivary efferents from each other in "synaptic domains" located on the laminae. This segregation may be the major determinant of response properties in the colliculus. Olivary efferents may converge with other non-olivary afferents on the same postsynaptic neurons in the colliculus. Inhibitory efferents from the lateral superior olive are essential in shaping the response properties of neurons in the colliculus. Olivary efferents to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus are also key components of ascending pathways that inhibit neurons in the midbrain.     

A new method for the two-dimensional analysis of bone structure in human iliac crest biopsies

A new method is described for the analysis of the two-dimensional structural pattern of trabecular bone in human iliac crest biopsies. 8 μm thick undecalcified sections stained with the von Kossa technique were examined at a magnification of ×9. Using an Ibas II image analyser, the ratio of nodes to free ends and the length of different strut types (cortex to free end, node or cortex, free end to free end and node to node, loop or free end) expressed as a percentage of total strut length were assessed. The reproducibility of the method was good for most of the measured indices but inter-observer and inter-section variation were greater. Comparison of biopsy sections obtained from eleven young healthy control subjects and eleven patients with hepatic osteoporosis revealed a significantly higher node to free end ratio, node to loop and node to node strut length and significantly lower cortex to free end and free end to free end strut length in the controls. No significant differences were seen in node to free end, cortex to cortex or cortex to node strut length. This approach to trabecular bone structure analysis should prove useful in determining patterns of bone loss in health and disease and in examining the effects of treatment on bone structure in osteoporosis.