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2.
Xin Li Yurui Wang Minxuan Xu Yueqin Shi Hemiao Wang Xin Yang Haoting Ying Qi Zhang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(19):50406
Polymer electrets have revealed great potential application in electromechanical devices because of the low weight, large quasi-piezoelectric sensitivity, and excellent flexibility. For an electret, a permanent and macroscopic electric field exists on the surface, principally led by a macroscopic electrostatic charge on the surface or a net orientation of polar groups inside the object. Here, progress in the development of polymer electrets is reviewed. After a brief retrospect of the research courses and those typical polymer electrets that are classified into fluorine polymer and nonfluorine polymer, we present a survey on the charging methods, including corona, soft X-ray, contact, thermal and monoenergetic particle beams. The latest representative applications (i.e., power harvesting, sensors, field effect transistors, and biomedicine) based on polymer electrets are also summarized. Finally, we complete this review with a discussion on perspectives and challenges in this field. 相似文献
3.
Chenchen Zhou Jia Man Haibo Yu He Xia Luming Man Bin Qi Jianfeng Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):10866-10872
Ceramic microparticles have great potentials in various fields such as materials engineering, biotechnology, microelectromechanical systems, etc. Morphology of the microparticle performs an important role on their application. To date, it remains difficult to find an effective and controllable way for fabricating nonspherical ceramic microparticles with 3D features. This work demonstrates a method that combines UV light lithography and single emulsion opaque-droplet-templated microfluidic molding to prepare the crescent-shaped ceramic microparticles. By tailoring the intensity of UV light and flow rate of fluid, the shapes of microparticles are accordingly tuned. Therefore, varieties of crescent-shaped microparticles and their variations have been fabricated. After sintering, the crescent-shaped alumina ceramic microparticles were obtained. Benefitting from the light absorption and scattering behavior of most ceramic nanoparticles, this system can serve as a general platform to produce crescent-shaped microparticles made from different materials, and hold great potentials for applications in microrobotics, structural materials in MEMS, and biotechnology. 相似文献
4.
Yixuan ZHOU Huajie WANG Yi YU Yihang CHEN Rui KE Min XU Chijie XIAO Zhanhui WANG Jiquan LI Xuru DUAN Minyou YE 《等离子体科学和技术》2021,23(7):75105-52
In this article, we present the optical design of a novel diagnostic on the HL-2 A tokamak, i.e. the20-channel edge Lyman-alpha beam emission spectroscopy, which is a promising solution for edge density turbulence research on tokamaks, as it offers the possibility of density fluctuation measurement with a 3.3 mm spatial resolution while maintains a high temporal resolution of1 μs. The optical path, including the reflective collection optics, the high-dispersion spectrometer, and the linear detector array, is carefully optimized to obtain a good image quality and a high throughput. The maximum root mean square radius of the collection optics is 64 μm.The detected photon flux is estimated to be about 10~(11) photons/s/channel. 相似文献
5.
盾构隧道施工物料无人运输有助于提升运输效率、降低运输成本、减少运输安全事故率。与公路汽车无人驾驶、港口车辆无人驾驶、轨道交通无人驾驶等逐步成熟的无人驾驶技术不同,在隧道场景下实施施工物料无人运输存在运输物料种类繁多、运输调度困难、地下定位信号拒止、狭窄车道频繁会车、行车路面工况复杂、地上地下联动响应慢等诸多挑战。从实现盾构隧道施工物料无人运输的关键问题分析入手,综述当前盾构隧道施工物料运输方式、运输需求、无人运输发展现状及存在的挑战,提出盾构隧道施工物料无人运输的五大关键技术:多种类物料智能货控能效管理技术,无人化垂直装卸门机控制技术,多传感器融合同步定位与地图构建技术,隧道复杂环境路径规划与自主避障技术,隧-地一体化联动响应的高可靠性无线通信技术。 相似文献
6.
Tongling Xia Yue Qi Xilei Dai Jinyu Liu Can Xiao Ruoyu You Dayi Lai Junjie Liu Chun Chen 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):2020-2032
To evaluate the separate impacts on human health and establish effective control strategies, it is crucial to estimate the contribution of outdoor infiltration and indoor emission to indoor PM2.5 in buildings. This study used an algorithm to automatically estimate the long-term time-resolved indoor PM2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin in real apartments with natural ventilation. The inputs for the algorithm were only the time-resolved indoor/outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and occupants’ window actions, which were easily obtained from the low-cost sensors. This study first applied the algorithm in an apartment in Tianjin, China. The indoor/outdoor contribution to the gross indoor exposure and time-resolved infiltration factor were automatically estimated using the algorithm. The influence of outdoor PM2.5 data source and algorithm parameters on the estimated results was analyzed. The algorithm was then applied in four other apartments located in Chongqing, Shenyang, Xi'an, and Urumqi to further demonstrate its feasibility. The results provided indirect evidence, such as the plausible explanations for seasonal and spatial variation, to partially support the success of the algorithm used in real apartments. Through the analysis, this study also identified several further development directions to facilitate the practical applications of the algorithm, such as robust long-term outdoor PM2.5 monitoring using low-cost light-scattering sensors. 相似文献
7.
Peng Li Haibin Jiang Ariel Barr Zhichu Ren Rui Gao Hua Wang Weiwei Fan Meifang Zhu Guiyin Xu Ju Li 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(51):2105845
Mercury, lead, and cadmium are among the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal ions (HMIs), posing serious threats to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems and public health. There is an urgent need to remove these ions from water by a cheap but green process. Traditional methods have insufficient removal efficiency and reusability. Structurally robust, large surface-area adsorbents functionalized with high-selectivity affinity to HMIs are attractive filter materials. Here, an adsorbent prepared by vulcanization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a nitrogen-rich polymer, is reported, giving rise to PAN-S nanoparticles with cyclic π-conjugated backbone and electronic conductivity. PAN-S can be coated on ultra-robust melamine (ML) foam by simple dipping and drying. In agreement with hard/soft acid/base theory, N- and S-containing soft Lewis bases have strong binding to Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+, with extraordinary capture efficiency and performance stability. Furthermore, the used filters, when collected and electrochemically biased in a recycling bath, can release the HMIs into the bath and electrodeposit on the counter-electrode as metallic Hg0, Pb0, Cu0, and Cd0, and the PAN-S@ML filter can then be reused at least 6 times as new. The electronically conductive PAN-S@ML filter can be fabricated cheaply and holds promise for scale-up applications. 相似文献
8.
Chaozhong Sun Xiaoying Guo Rui Ji Changzheng Hu Laijun Liu Liang Fang Zhenxiang Cheng Nengneng Luo 《Ceramics International》2021,47(4):5038-5043
The triboelectric effect has recently demonstrated its great potential in environmental remediation and even new energy applications for triggering a number of catalytic reactions by utilizing trivial mechanical energy. In this study, Ba4Nd2Fe2Nb8O30 (BNFN) submicron powders were used to degrade organic dyes via the tribocatalytic effect. Under the frictional excitation of three PTFE stirring rods in a 5 mg/L RhB dye solution, BNFN demonstrates a high tribocatalytic degradation efficiency of 97% in 2 h. Hydroxyl radicals (?OH) and superoxide radicals (?O2-) were also detected during the catalysis process, which proves that triboelectric energy stimulates BNFN to generate electron-hole pairs. The tribocatalysis of tungsten bronze BNFN submicron powders provides a novel and efficient method for the degradation of wastewater dye by utilizing trivial mechanical energy. 相似文献
9.
Zhang Qi Wang Yujing Zhang Xueling Song Jun Li Yinlei Wu Xuehong Yuan Kunjie 《Journal of Materials Science》2022,57(14):7208-7224
Journal of Materials Science - Form-stable composite phase change materials (C-PCMs) prepared by microencapsulation method and porous matrix adsorption method need for compression molding after... 相似文献
10.