烟道流量计量标准装置

为了解决我国烟道流量计的量值溯源问题,中国计量科学研究院建立了烟道流量计量标准装置。装置使用可溯源至标准转盘的激光多普勒测速仪作为原级标准器,采用激光多普勒流速剖面扫描和超声流量计波动修正的方式测量标准流量,经校准的8声道超声流量计为工作级标准表,具备了908~104840m3/h的测量能力,扩展不确定度为0.62%(k=2),可对最大口径为1m的流量计进行校准。装置下游测试段包括圆形管段和矩形管段,能够开展烟道流量计测量性能的研究。     

Simulation Method of Dynamic Characteristics of Turbine Flow Sensor

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation is one of the important methods to study the performance and in-fluencing factors of turbine flow sensors. According to the working characteristics of the turbine flow sensor, the passive simulation method based on the six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) model and dynamic mesh is proposed in this paper. The reliability of the simulation method is verified by steady-state experiments and unsteady-state experiments. The results show that the trend of meter factor with flow rate acquired from the simulation is close to the experimental results, and the deviation between the simulation result and the experiment result is low with a maximum deviation of 2.88%. In the unsteady simulation study, the impeller speed changes with the inlet velocity of the turbine flow sensor, which has a good follow-up. The passive simulation method can be used to predict the dynamic performance of the turbine flow sensor.     

基于阈值和极端随机树的实时跌倒检测方法

针对基于可穿戴设备的跌倒检测存在的实时性与准确性无法兼得的问题,提出一种阈值和极端随机树融合的实时跌倒检测方法。在该方法中,可穿戴设备只需计算阈值量,无需确保跌倒检测的准确率,从而减少了计算量;同时,上位机利用极端随机树算法确保了跌倒检测的准确率。可穿戴设备通过阈值的方法过滤了大部分日常动作,因此减少了上位机检测的动作数据量。这样一来所提方法既满足了跌倒检测的高准确率,又满足了实时性。另外,为了降低跌倒检测的假阳性率,可穿戴设备融合了姿态角度传感器和压力传感器,上位机中加入了反馈机制。当检测结果出现假阳性时,通过上位机将检测错误的样本加入非跌倒数据集中进行再训练,模型经过这样的不断学习会生成适合个人的报警模型,且这种反馈机制为降低跌倒检测的假阳性率提供了新思路。实验结果表明,在1 259个测试样本中,所提方法具有平均99.7%的准确率,最低0.08%的假阳性率。     

Residual Feature Attentional Fusion Network for Lightweight Chest CT Image Super-Resolution

The diagnosis of COVID-19 requires chest computed tomography (CT). High-resolution CT images can provide more diagnostic information to help doctors better diagnose the disease, so it is of clinical importance to study super-resolution (SR) algorithms applied to CT images to improve the resolution of CT images. However, most of the existing SR algorithms are studied based on natural images, which are not suitable for medical images; and most of these algorithms improve the reconstruction quality by increasing the network depth, which is not suitable for machines with limited resources. To alleviate these issues, we propose a residual feature attentional fusion network for lightweight chest CT image super-resolution (RFAFN). Specifically, we design a contextual feature extraction block (CFEB) that can extract CT image features more efficiently and accurately than ordinary residual blocks. In addition, we propose a feature-weighted cascading strategy (FWCS) based on attentional feature fusion blocks (AFFB) to utilize the high-frequency detail information extracted by CFEB as much as possible via selectively fusing adjacent level feature information. Finally, we suggest a global hierarchical feature fusion strategy (GHFFS), which can utilize the hierarchical features more effectively than dense concatenation by progressively aggregating the feature information at various levels. Numerous experiments show that our method performs better than most of the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods on the COVID-19 chest CT dataset. In detail, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is 0.11 dB and 0.47 dB higher on CTtest1 and CTtest2 at SR compared to the suboptimal method, but the number of parameters and multi-adds are reduced by 22K and 0.43G, respectively. Our method can better recover chest CT image quality with fewer computational resources and effectively assist in COVID-19.     

Effects of geometry and position of the metal delivery tube on ultrasonic gas atomization

The effects of the geometry and the position of the metal delivery tube on the pressure condition in the gas-metal interaction zone were studied. The measurements were performed under conditions which simulated ultrasonic gas atomization experiments, but at low gas atomization pressures (50–200 psig, 345–1380 kPa). Low gas atomization pressures are used in spray atomization and deposition processes such as liquid dynamic compaction (LDC), and Osprey. Depending on the experimental conditions, either underpressure or overpressure in the metal delivery tube was detected. The magnitude of the underpressures and overpressures was found to increase with the gas atomization pressure; the maximum pressure differences with respect to the atomization tank pressure were about 3 psi (21 kPa) when argon was used as an atomization gas with a pressure of 200 psig (1380 kPa). Underpressure or overpressure effects of such magnitude have a large effect on the metal flow rate during gas atomization. The large pressure differences measured in the present work result from using an atomizer with gas jet diameters larger than those used in previous investigations. Using a large ultrasonic atomizer, argon gas flow rates of about 5 kg/min can be obtained for atomization pressures of 200 psig (1380 kPa).     

铸态和退火态A2B7型La—Mg—Ni系合金的电化学研究

为了改善铸态La3MgNi14合金的电化学性能,在0．3MPa氩气气氛下对La3MgNi14合金进行了10h退火处理,退火温度分别为1123,1223和1323K。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和电化学实验研究了合金的微观结构和电化学性能。结果表明,铸态及1123K温度退火后的合金由LaNi5相、（La,Mg）2Ni7相以及少量的LaNi2相组成。1223K温度退火后合金含有LaNis,（La,Mg）2Ni7和（La。Mg）Ni3相。1323K温度退火后合金的主相为LaNi5和（La,Mg）Ni3相。与铸态合金相比,退火后合金组织更加均匀,晶粒长大。随着退火温度的增加,合金的一些电化学性能（如最大放电容量、放电效率、循环稳定性）以及动力学参数（如高倍率放电性能）增强,而电位差和电荷迁移电阻降低。在本研究范围内,为了放电容量和循环稳定性之问的平衡,铸态La3MgNi14合金的适宜退火温度为1323K。     

西洋参片对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的：研究西洋参片的抗疲劳作用。方法：将小鼠按体重随机分为对照组和低、中、高剂量组。低、中、高三个剂量组分别灌胃给予67、133、200mg／kg的西洋参片30d，对照组给蒸馏水。测定小鼠游泳时间及血乳酸、尿素氮、肝糖原等指标。结果：西洋参片的三个剂量组均能显著提高小鼠肝糖原的储备量；降低小鼠游泳后血乳酸曲线下面积；降低运动后血清尿素氮含量，加速体内尿素氮的清除速率，提高小鼠的游泳时间。结论：西洋参片具有抗疲劳作用。     

基于相场法的含孔平板弹塑性断裂模拟

基于金属的弹塑性断裂理论,用相场法分析不同孔间距和孔分布对平板裂纹扩展和断裂行为的影响。建立弹塑性拉伸损伤模型对含孔平板的断裂过程进行数值研究。结果表明:相场法适用于弹塑性材料内部复杂裂纹扩展的描述,孔间距和分布对含孔平板的断裂韧性有重要影响。在同一水平线上的孔洞,孔间距差值越小,产生的支反力越大;交错孔洞比并列孔洞的支反力更大、韧性更好。     

La2Ni7和LaMgNi7储氢合金电子结构的研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了La2Ni7和LaMg-Ni7储氢合金的电子结构,探讨了微观结构和合金宏观性能之间的关联性.结果表明,含Mg元素的LaMgNi7体系形成成键作用的Ni-Mg键,体系稳定性高于纯La2Ni7体系.同时LaMgNi7体系中的Ni-Ni键强度弱于La2Ni7体系中的相应键,降低了H进入体系的能量壁垒,改...     

K型热电偶动态响应特性研究

热电偶的动态特性对工业现场测温有至关重要的影响,探讨了K型热电偶在有保护管与无保护管状态下的动态特性。在每种状态下分别进行了等阶跃不同初始状态与不等阶跃相同初始状态的动态测试实验。根据传感器的动态特性的数学模型,对获得的12种动态变化下的实验数据进行了分析,得出了不同状态下的时间常数,研究了时间常数的影响因素。