化妆品中5种限用合成着色剂的分析方法研究进展

介绍了化妆品中5种限用有机合成着色剂CI12085（颜料红4）、C115630（颜料红49）、C142520（碱性紫2）、C145350（酸性黄73）和C145396（溶剂橙16）的性质,从样品前处理和检测技术两个方面叙述了化妆品中合成着色剂的分析方法研究进展,重点介绍了化妆品中有关这5种限用着色剂的分析方法。     

乳化剂对坎利酮增溶及生物转化的影响

探索不同乳化剂sp60、sp80、tw60、tw80及其复合乳化剂对坎利酮羟基化的影响。结果表明乳化剂对坎利酮有增溶作用,且tw80、复合乳化剂tw80—sp60对坎利酮微生物转化有促进作用。其中单组分乳化剂tw80的最佳质量分数为0．18％,转化率为90．32％;复合乳化剂tw80-sp60,最佳质量分数为0．09％,转化率为92．22％。     

化妆品的安全性探讨

化妆品市场正经历着由概念营销向功效营销的转型。化妆品的安全应该从消费者、原料公司、产品公司及管理部门等方面多层面思考,寻求到科学合理的评价方式。提出了在解决化妆品安全性问题的同时需要思考的几方面问题。     

Nanoemulsification of Ceramide-2 by Sodium Dilauramidoglutamide Lysine,a Novel Peptide-Based Gemini Surfactant

A novel peptide-based gemini surfactant, namely, sodium dilauramidoglutamide lysine (DLGL) was employed to fabricate a stable nanoemulsion system for the delivery of hydrophobic bioactive ceramide-2 molecules. The phase properties and morphology and stability of the nanoemulsion were investigated by focusing on the interaction between DLGL and ceramide-2 molecules. The investigation of the phase properties of the mixture of DLGL and ceramide-2 by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed remarkable reduction in the crystallinity of ceramide-2 due to the presence of DLGL. The spherical shape and nanometer size of nanoemulsions emulsified by DLGL were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The nanoemulsions prepared using DLGL exhibited significant improvement in the dispersion stability without any significant changes in the particle sizes even after storing them for a month at 50 °C. The results indicated that DLGL readily associated with ceramide-2 to form a relatively stable structure. The steric hindrance of DLGL and molecular rearrangement of DLGL and ceramide-2 attributed to a break in the continuity of the molecular assembly of ceramide-2, which hampered its crystallinity.     

Synthesis and application of polyacrylate nanocapsules loaded with lilial

Polyacrylate nanocapsules loaded with lilial (PNLs) were prepared via miniemulsion polymerization. Then, the PNLs were applied directly to leather. The influence of the contents of the surfactant and lilial and the stirring speed on the mean size and fragrance loading capacity of the PNLs was investigated in detail. The microstructure of the PNLs was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron nicroscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sustained release properties of the leather finished by PNLs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC‐FID). DLS showed that the mean size of the PNLs was 67.78 nm, and the polydispersity index was 0.076. TEM illustrated that the size of the spherical PNL varied in the range 30–80 nm. FTIR spectroscopy showed that lilial was encapsulated into the polyacrylate nanocapsules. TGA illustrated that the fragrance loading ratio of the nanocapsules reached 36.83%. SEM and GC‐FID indicated that the leather finished by the PNLs had better flexing endurance than that finished by lilial emulsion. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40182.     

N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸抗H2O2诱导人体皮肤成纤维细胞损伤的研究

研究了N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸(NAC)对H2O2刺激的人体皮肤成纤维细胞(HSF)的抗细胞损伤作用。细胞存活率和细胞阳性率实验结果表明:NAC在低质量浓度(50~100 mg·L-1)时对HSF没有明显的细胞毒性;在质量浓度为200~800 mg·L-1时可促进细胞增殖;而在质量浓度较高(1 000 mg·L-1)时则明显抑制HSF生长。空白组、H2O2组、H2O2(500μmol·L-1)+NAC(100 mg·L-1)组和H2O2(500μmol·L-1)+NAC(200 mg·L-1)组细胞阳性率分别为39.90%,69.57%,45.29%和36.60%,NAC可明显降低β-半乳糖苷酶染色阳性率,抵抗由H2O2引起的细胞损伤。     

盐胁迫协同抗坏血酸对芸豆萌发富集γ-氨基丁酸的影响

为优化外源因子胁迫芸豆富集γ-氨基丁酸(γ-Aminobutyric Acid,GABA)的工艺条件,在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面法探究外源因子添加对萌发芸豆中GABA含量的影响,同时初步对芸豆中GABA积累的机理进行探讨。结果表明,除氯化钠外,谷氨酸钠、氯化钙、抗坏血酸和磷酸吡哆醛均对芸豆萌发富集GABA有显著促进作用;在盐胁迫(3.00 g/L谷氨酸钠、5.37 mmol/L氯化钙)协同0.17 g/L抗坏血酸处理下,萌发24 h的芸豆GABA含量最高为303.60 mg/100 g,是芸豆籽粒和去离子水萌发芸豆的4.39倍和2.12倍;萌发过程中,芸豆GABA积累量与谷氨酸脱羧酶(Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase,GAD)活性呈正相关,底物水平以及Ca²⁺和H⁺浓度的提高对胁迫处理促进芸豆积累GABA有积极作用。该研究利用盐胁迫协同抗坏血酸处理有效提高了萌发芸豆中GABA含量,可为开发富含GABA的芸豆食品提供理论参考。     

Characterization of the differences in the aroma of cherry wines from different price segments using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry,odor activity values,sensory analysis,and aroma reconstitution

The aroma composition, aroma-active compounds, and sensory attributions of cherry wines from three different price segments were investigated. A total of 48 aroma compounds were identified and quantified using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), among which 23 aroma compounds were further screened out as important odorants based on their odor activity values (OAVs); then, the previously mentioned 23 volatiles were correlated to sensory attributes using partial least-squares regression (PLSR). The result indicates that the differently priced wines were associated with different compounds and aroma attributions. Finally, aroma reconstitution was performed by mixing odor-active aroma compounds (OAVs>1) on the basis of their measured concentrations in the original sample. The result indicated that the aroma profile of the reconstituted sample was similar to that of the original sample.     

指纹图谱技术在生鲜乳掺假检测中的研究进展

生鲜乳是乳制品行业发展的主要原料,是决定乳制品质量的关键因素。然而近年来国内外在乳制品方面的食品安全事件频发,不法分子通过在生鲜乳中掺入虚假物质以获取经济利益的行为已经成为严重的安全问题,对人们健康以及整个乳制品行业造成不良影响。指纹图谱技术是对通过一定的分析工具产生的图像进行判别的一种检测技术,可以对生鲜乳的掺假进行更灵敏、准确和快速的检测。本文通过对生鲜乳的安全现状进行剖析,总结了电泳法、光谱法、色谱法和电子感官技术法4种指纹图谱技术在牛乳掺假检测中的应用,比较了4种技术的优点和局限性,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,为提高生鲜乳的品质与安全以及保证消费者健康提供理论依据与参考。