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1.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(57):32856-32864
The electrode ionomer is a key factor that significantly affects the catalyst layer morphology and fuel cell performance. Herein, sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)-based electrode ionomers with polymers of various molecular weights and alcohol/water mixtures were prepared, and those comprising the alcohol/water mixture showed a higher performance than the ones prepared using higher boiling solvents, such as dimethylacetamide; this is owing to the formation of the uniformly dispersed ionomer catalyst layer. The relation between ionomer molecular weight for the same polymer structure and the sulfonation degree was investigated. Because the chain length of polymer varies with molecular weight and chain entanglement degree, its molecular weight affects the electrode morphology. As the ionomer covered the catalyst, the agglomerates formed were of different morphologies according to their molecular weight, which could be deduced indirectly through dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the fuel cell performance was confirmed in the current-voltage curve. 相似文献
2.
Vaidhegi Kugarajah Moogambigai Sugumar Elamathi Swaminathan Nagaraj Balasubramani Sangeetha Dharmalingam 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(42):22134-22148
Hydrothermally prepared zinc oxide nanorods are sulphonated (S–ZnO NR) and incorporated into 15% Sulphonated Poly (1,4-Phenylene Ether Ether Sulfone) (SPEES) to improve the hydrophilicity, water uptake and ion transfer capacity. Water uptake and ion transfer capacity increased to 34.6 ± 0.6% and 2.0 ± 0.05 meq g?1 from 29.8 ± 0.3% and 1.4 ± 0.04 meq g?1 by adding 7.5 wt% S–ZnO NR to SPEES. Morphological studies show the prepared S–ZnO NR is well dispersed in the polymer matrix. SPEES +7.5 wt% S–ZnO NR membrane exhibits optimum performance after three-weeks of continual operation in a fabricated microbial fuel cell (MFC) to produce a maximum power density of 142 ± 1.2 mW m?2 with a reduced biofilm compared to plain SPEES (59 ± 0.8 mW m?2), unsulphonated filler incorporated SPEES (SPEES + 7.5 wt% ZnO, 68 ± 1.1 mW m?2) and Nafion (130 ± 1.5 mW m?2) thereby suggesting its suitability as a sustainable and improved cation exchange membrane (CEM) for MFCs. 相似文献
3.
5%甲·辛颗粒剂中甲拌磷和辛硫磷含量的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用萃取、薄层层析等分离方法,选择合适的萃取剂、展开剂,经分离后,分别刮下甲拌磷和辛硫磷谱带,采用气相色谱法测定甲拌磷含量;采用液相色谱法测定辛硫磷含量。 相似文献
4.
聚醚砜中空纤维的成形条件对其宏观结构的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要讨论了纺速、填充液压力、凝固浴浓度和拉伸率成形条件的设置对中空纤维的宏观结构的影响 ,为设计具有合理的宏观结构的中空纤维膜提供参考 相似文献
5.
采用稀释SO3磺化甲苯工艺,研究了磺化温度.SO3配气比,原料中水含量和二甲苯砜抑制剂等工艺因素对反应转化率,产物中甲苯磺酸异构体含量及副产物二甲苯砜含量的影响。在10℃.SO3浓度为6%(volume)的操作条件下,二甲苯砜为抑制剂,甲苯转化率达到35%(mass).反应产物中没有新增二甲苯砜,对甲苯磺酸含量达到88.24%.间甲苯磺酸含量降低到0.97%。 相似文献
6.
7.
PPESK/PS共混物流变性能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以溶液共沉淀的方法制备了含二氮杂萘联本结构的聚芳醚砜酮(PPESK)。聚苯乙烯(PS)共混物,用毛细管流变仪测定了共混物的流为性能。结果表明,在本实验条件下,PPESK/PS共混物熔体属假塑性非牛顿汉体,其熔体粘度随PS含量的增加、温度的升高、剪切速率的增大而下降。PS的加入有利于改善PPESK的熔融加工流动性。 相似文献
8.
2,2¢,6,6¢-四甲基-4,4¢-二苯氧基二苯砜、二苯醚和对苯二甲酰氯三元无规共聚物的合成与表征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以2,2¢,6,6¢-四甲基-4,4¢-二苯氧基二苯砜(o-M2DPODPS)、二苯醚(DPE)和对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)为单体,在无水AlCl3和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)存在的条件下,于1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)中进行低温溶液无规共缩聚,合成了一系列新型线型高分子量含双邻甲基取代结构的聚醚砜醚酮酮(DM-PESEKK)/聚醚酮酮(PEKK)无规共聚物,并用IR, DSC, XRD, TGA和1H-NMR等方法对共聚物进行了表征分析,考察了共聚物的溶解性能. 结果表明,随着DM-PESEKK含量的增加,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)逐渐升高,熔融温度(Tm)逐渐降低,结晶度下降,溶解性得到明显改善. 相似文献
9.
Micrometer and nanometer TiO2 particle‐filled poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) composites with various filler volume fractions from 0.5 to 7.5 vol % were prepared by heating compression molding. The friction and wear behaviors of the PPESK composites were evaluated using the block‐on‐ring test rig by sliding PPESK‐based composite blocks against a mild carbon steel ring under dry friction conditions. The wear debris and the worn surfaces of the PPESK composites filled with micrometer and nanometer TiO2 particles were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the structures of PPESK composites and wear debris were analyzed with IR spectra. Experimental results show that antiwear properties of the PPESK composites can be improved greatly by filling nanometer TiO2 particles, and the friction coefficient decreases when the filler volume fraction is below 2.5%, but when the filler volume fraction is above 2.5% the friction coefficient increases gradually with increasing filler volume fraction. In the case of micrometer TiO2 filler, wear rates increase with increasing filler volume fractions under identical test conditions, and the friction coefficients are less sensitive to the filler volume fraction. It was also found that the wear mechanism of micrometer TiO2 particle‐filled PPESK is mainly severe adhesion and abrasive wear, while that of nanometer TiO2 particle‐filled PPESK is mainly slight abrasive wear. In the former case, there are no transfer film formed on the surface of the counterpart steel, and wear debris are in the form of long and large ribbon. While in the latter case, the wear debris was granule and their size was about 10 μm. In case of 1 vol % nanometer TiO2 particle‐filled PPESK composites, the transfer film was fairly thinner and smoother, and the transfer film provided better coverage on the surface of steel ring, while that of 7.5 vol % was thicker and discrete. These account for the different friction and wear behavior of micrometer and nanometer TiO2 particle‐filled PPESK composite. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 906–914, 2004 相似文献
10.
4,4′‐bis(Phenoxy)diphenyl sulfone (DPODPS) was synthesized by reaction of phenol with bis(4‐chlorophenyl) sulfone in tetramethylene sulfone in the presence of NaOH. Two poly(aryl ether sulfone ether ketone ketone)s (PESKKs) with high molecular weight were prepared by low temperature solution polycondensation of DPODPS and terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) or isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), respectively, in 1,2‐dichloroethane and in the presence of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP). The resulting polymers were characterized by various analytical techniques, such as FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, DSC, TG, and WAXD. The results show that the Tg and Td of PESEKKs are much higher, but its Tm is lower than those of PEKK. The other results indicate that PESEKKs exhibit excellent thermostabilities at 300 ± 10°C. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 489–493, 2005 相似文献