Plackett-burman design for determining the preference of Rhizomucor miehei lipase for FA in acidolysis reactions with coconut oil

The preference of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) from Rhizomucor miehei in the incorporation of 11 FA, ranging from C10∶0 to C22∶6, into coconut oil TAG during acidolysis was studied by applying the Plackett-Burman experimental design. Enzymatic acidolysis reactions were carried out in hexane at 37°C for 48 h with coconut oil (0.1 M) and a mixture of 11 FA at a TAG to FA molar ratio of 1∶1. Lipase was used at the 5 wt% level. The incorporation of FA into coconut oil TAG was determined by GC. The lipase showed preference for long-chain saturated FA for incorporation into coconut oil TAG. The FA with 18 carbon atoms showed a high incorporation rate (18∶1>18∶1>18∶3). The lipase showed the least preference for the incorporation of 12∶0, which occurs in maximal concentration (46%), whereas the most preferred FA, 18∶0, occurs at a very low concentration (<2%) in coconut oil. The overall preference of lipase for the incorporation of different FA into coconut oil TAG was 18∶0>18∶2, 22∶0>18∶1, 18∶3, 14∶0, 20∶4, 22∶6>16∶0>12∶0≫10∶0.     

餐厨垃圾发酵生产乳酸的工艺优化

为提高餐厨垃圾发酵生产乳酸的效率,采用Plackett-Burman和中心复合两种统计试验方法对影响发酵的因素进行初筛和优化.Plackett-Burman实验的结果表明,影响乳酸发酵的正向显著性因素有乳酸菌TD175、糖化酶、吐温80、纤维素酶;灭菌是负显著性因素.通过中心复合试验设计,确定最佳发酵工艺:乳酸菌接种量6.6%,糖化酶160U/g,纤维素酶60U/g,吐温800.08%,温度45℃.最佳工艺条件下发酵40h,乳酸产量能达到66.13g/L,每克干垃圾产乳酸0.53g.餐厨垃圾的乳酸发酵无需灭菌、无需额外营养物,具有良好的经济效益和应用前景.     

基于SASV8.1的黄嘌呤氧化酶产酶培养基的优化

培养基优化属多变量目标函数优化,先通过Plackett-Burman法筛选出黄嘌呤、(NH4)2SO4和CaCl2为重要因素,然后采用Box-Behnken设计重要因素水平,同时应用SASV8.1软件做多元非线性回归,建立黄嘌呤氧化酶产酶培养基的优化模型.用模型预测培养基的最优组成.将预测值与验证值相比较,误差为2.6%,证明采用响应面法寻求最佳培养基组成是可行的;并且优化后黄嘌呤氧化酶产酶水平提高了5倍.     

高产S-腺苷蛋氨酸的酿酒酵母发酵条件的响应面法优化

利用Design Expert软件,采用Plackett-Burman(PB)设计和响应面法(RSM)对产S-腺苷蛋氨酸(SAM)的酵母菌株的发酵条件进行优化,PB实验设计及分析结果表明,接种量、L-Met质量浓度、发酵时间是影响SAM胞内产量的3个显著因素。在此基础上通过最陡爬坡实验逼近最大响应区域,并采用Box-Behnken实验设计及响应面分析确定了发酵产SAM的最佳条件为接种量10%,L-Met质量浓度为4.0g/L,发酵时间56h,发酵温度30℃,pH为6.0,在250mL三角瓶中装液量60mL,种龄24h,摇床转速180r/min。最终优化后的SAM胞内产量达到287.615 7mg/g,比初始产量提高1.38倍。     

米曲霉发酵产纤溶酶培养基的优化

通过单因素实验确定米曲霉NA-25产纤溶酶的最佳碳源为麸皮,最佳氮源为蛋白胨和NaNO3.利用SAS软件的Placket-Burman设计法对米曲霉NA-25产纤溶酶的培养基组成进行筛选,筛选出3个影响较大的重要因素,即蛋白胨、NaNO3、CaCl2,然后用中心组合实验设计进一步优化,经优化后,在上述因素分别为NaNO318.5 g/L,蛋白胨4.97 g/L,CaCl21.63 g/L时发酵液的酶活为98.13 U/mL,比原来提高了55.8%.     

Robustness Testing of a Tablet Formulation Using Multivariate Design

ABSTRACT

A total of 45 experiments were carried out to evaluate the robustness of two similar tablet formulations—a product of two strengths—with respect to normal batch-to-batch variation of the excipients and the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The formulations consist of 10 ingredients. Because of the differing amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients, the two formulations also differ in the amounts of two of the diluents and one of the binders. The excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredient were characterized in terms of multiple variables, and principal properties were calculated with principal component analysis. A Plackett and Burman design was applied to the principal properties. The relationships between the design factors and two responses, mean disintegration time and mean crushing strength, were evaluated by using regression methods. Both formulations were found to be robust under controlled conditions.     

灵芝菌液体发酵玉竹产水溶性多糖的工艺优化和抗氧化性研究

为探究灵芝菌发酵玉竹产水溶性多糖工艺及多糖的抗氧化能力,该研究利用灵芝菌液体发酵玉竹,以多糖提高率为评价指标,通过单因素试验及响应面试验对其发酵工艺进行优化,并测定发酵前后多糖的抗氧化能力。结果表明,最佳发酵条件为玉竹添加量6%、豆粕添加量为2%、KH2PO4添加量0.15%、MgSO4·7H2O添加量0.15%、接种量8.7%、发酵时间4 d及发酵温度30 ℃。在此优化条件下,发酵液多糖含量达到5.91 mg/mL,较未发酵的培养基（3.41 mg/mL）提高了73.48%。抗氧化试验表明,在相同浓度下,发酵后多糖（PAF）对比发酵前多糖（PBF）的ABTS+·、DPPH·、OH·清除率均有所提高。其中,PAF对DPPH和OH·的半抑制浓度（IC50）值分别为2.77 mg/mL、0.54 mg/mL,PBF对DPPH·和OH·的IC50值分别为7.94 mg/mL、1.57 mg/mL。结果表明,PAF具有更强的体外抗氧化能力。     

利用SAS软件优化丙酮丁醇梭状芽孢杆菌产丁醇的发酵条件

通过单因素优化实验、Plackett-Burman实验和Box-Benhnken响应面实验对影响丙酮丁醇梭状芽孢杆菌产丁醇能力的主要因素进行优化,得到了回归方程:Y_2=8.583 367-0.002 125×X_7-0.416 5×X_8+0.297 567×X_9+0.070 692×X_(10)-0.550 233×X_7~2-0.037 9×X_7×X_8-0.001 775×X_7×X_9-0.053 75×X_7×X_(10) +0.037 529×X_8~2-0.182 675×X_8×X_9+0.032 475×X_8×X_(10)+0.126 754×X_9~2-0.069×X_9×X_(10)- 0.588 208×X_(10)~2。对回归方程进行岭嵴分析,得到了丙酮丁醇梭状芽孢杆菌的优化培养条件,即装液量为310 mL,种龄为18h,静态培养,接种量为6%,温度为37℃,初始pH值5.5,在此基础上进行7L发酵罐扩大培养,优化前和优化后的分批发酵结果相比,优化后7L罐最佳浓度的产量为10.55g/L,比原产量8.02g/L提高了31.25%,比有关文献报道的产量高出11.64%。     

油茶籽饼中茶皂苷的超声-微波辅助法提取工艺优化

为提高茶皂苷的提取率,扩大茶皂苷的应用范围,以脱脂油茶籽饼为原料,采用超声-微波辅助法提取茶皂苷。以油茶皂苷提取率为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出具有显著影响的试验因素,再通过响应面法对茶皂苷提取工艺进行优化。另外,将超声-微波辅助法提取茶皂苷的工艺与超声辅助法和微波辅助法提取工艺进行了对比。结果表明：超声-微波辅助法提取茶皂苷的最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数59%、料液比1∶12、提取液pH 7、超声功率475 W、超声时间4 min、超声工作2 s间隔2 s、微波功率480 W、提取温度59℃、微波提取时间8 min,在此条件下茶皂苷提取率为98.40%,产品纯度为64.7%;超声辅助法和微波辅助法茶皂苷的提取率分别为69.06%和71.40%。与超声辅助法和微波辅助法相比,超声-微波辅助法能够显著提高茶皂苷提取率。