Fast algorithms for nonparametric population modeling of large data sets

Population models are widely applied in biomedical data analysis since they characterize both the average and individual responses of a population of subjects. In the absence of a reliable mechanistic model, one can resort to the Bayesian nonparametric approach that models the individual curves as Gaussian processes. This paper develops an efficient computational scheme for estimating the average and individual curves from large data sets collected in standardized experiments, i.e. with a fixed sampling schedule. It is shown that the overall scheme exhibits a “client-server” architecture. The server is in charge of handling and processing the collective data base of past experiments. The clients ask the server for the information needed to reconstruct the individual curve in a single new experiment. This architecture allows the clients to take advantage of the overall data set without violating possible privacy and confidentiality constraints and with negligible computational effort.     

Synthetic single crystal diamond dosimeters for Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy applications

A synthetic single crystal diamond Schottky diode, in a p-type/intrinsic/metal structure, deposited by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) and operating in photovoltaic regime, with no external bias voltage applied, was tested as a dosimeter for Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) applications. The device response was compared with dose measurements from two commercial ionization chambers and a 2D diode array in an IMRT prostate cancer treatment plan. The obtained results indicate that CVD synthetic single crystal diamond-based dosimeters can successfully be used for highly conformed radiotherapy and IMRT dosimetry, due to their small size and high sensitivity per unit volume.     

Advanced Adaptive Sonar for Mapping Applications

An advanced adaptive sonar module is described, capable of being configured to different circumstances and distances according to reflectors found in the environment. Thanks to the sensory distribution, it is possible to identify three basic types of reflector (planes, edges and corners). Furthermore, a heuristic map of the environment is built. The proposed methods have been computationally optimized, and implemented in a real-time system based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). Results have been obtained in the detection, classification and mapping of obstacles; and finally testing has been carried out on a commercial vehicle.     

Cluster-grouping: from subgroup discovery to clustering

We introduce the problem of cluster-grouping and show that it can be considered a subtask in several important data mining tasks, such as subgroup discovery, mining correlated patterns, clustering and classification. The algorithm CG for solving cluster-grouping problems is then introduced, and it is incorporated as a component in several existing and novel algorithms for tackling subgroup discovery, clustering and classification. The resulting systems are empirically compared to state-of-the-art systems such as CN2, CBA, Ripper, Autoclass and CobWeb. The results indicate that the CG algorithm can be useful as a generic local pattern mining component in a wide variety of data mining and machine learning algorithms.     

塑料材料的流变实验与流变参数拟合

阐述了塑料材料流变参数在注射成型模拟中的重要意义，简要介绍了流变数据的测试方法，采用基因遗传算法实现流变参数的拟合，并通过实例验证了所开发的拟合算法的正确性及流变参数对CAE分析结果的影响。     

Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of solid organic substrates: evaluation of anaerobic biodegradability using data from an international interlaboratory study

BACKGROUND: This paper describes results obtained for different participating research groups in an interlaboratory study related to biochemical methane potential (BMP). In this research work, all experimental conditions influencing the test such as inoculum, substrate characteristics and experimental conditions were investigated. The study was performed using four substrates: three positive control substrates (starch, cellulose and gelatine), and one raw biomass material (mung bean) at two different inoculum to substrate ratios (ISR). RESULTS: The average methane yields for starch, cellulose, gelatine and mung bean at ISR of 2 and 1 were 350 ± 33, 350 ± 29, 380 ± 42, 370 ± 36 and 370 ± 35 mL CH₄ g^?1 VS_added, respectively. The percentages of biotransformation of these substrates into methane were 85 ± 8, 85 ± 7, 88 ± 9, 85 ± 8 and 85 ± 8%, respectively. On the other hand, the first‐order rate constants obtained from the experimental data were 0.24 ± 0.14, 0.23 ± 0.15, 0.27 ± 0.13, 0.31 ± 0.17 and 0.23 ± 0.13 d^?1, respectively. CONCLUSION: The influence of inocula and experimental factors was nearly insignificant with respect to the extents of the anaerobic biodegradation, while the rates differed significantly according to the experimental approaches. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effect of Pretreatment on Carbon-Supported Au/TiO2 Catalysts for Preferential Oxidation of CO

The impact of thermal treatment at various preparation stages of carbon supported Au/TiO₂ catalysts prior to oxidation of CO in the presence and absence of hydrogen was studied. An increase in catalytic activity for thermally treated samples due to a more ordered structure of TiO₂ was observed. A reversible deactivation of the catalysts occurred in the absence of hydrogen. However, the activity was restored at preferential CO oxidation conditions in presence of hydrogen.     

10-羟基-5,10-二氢苯并磷杂吖嗪-10-氧化物的合成研究

二苯胺与三氯化磷在加热条件下相互作用并用水处理后 ,不经乙醇溶出 (分离 ) ,直接用过氧乙酸在含水冰醋酸介质中氧化 ,以 42 %～ 5 0 %的产率合成 10 羟基 5 ,10 二氢苯并磷杂吖嗪 10 氧化物。该方法工艺稳定 ,省去溶剂乙醇 ,减少了反应物用量以及相应的酸碱消耗 ,使目标分子的产率由文献的 37%提高到 40 %以上 ,合成周期由文献的至少 3d缩短到 1～ 2d。对合成的目标分子进行了结构表征 ,结果正确。分析核磁共振结果 ,提出标题化合物的可能构象     

SRAM dynamic stability estimation using MPFP and its applications

In this paper, an accurate approach for estimating the dynamic stability of static random access memory (SRAM) is proposed. The conventional methods of SRAM stability estimation suffer from two major drawbacks: (1) using static failure criteria, such as SNM, which does not capture the transient and dynamic behavior of SRAM operation, and (2) using quasi-Monte-Carlo simulation, which approximates the failure distribution, resulting in large errors at the tails where the desired failure probabilities exist. These drawbacks are eliminated by employing accurate simulation-based dynamic failure criteria along with a new distribution-independent, Most-probable-failure-point search technique for accurate probability calculation. Compared to previously published techniques, the proposed dynamic stability technique offers orders of magnitude improvement in accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed dynamic stability technique enables the correct evaluation of stability in real operation conditions and for different dynamic circuit techniques, such as dynamic write back, where the conventional methods are not applicable.     

基于免疫算法的图像基元提取方法

借鉴免疫细胞的耐受成熟过程和克隆选择过程，将免疫算法引入基元提取问题，以椭圆提取为例对基于免疫算法的基元提取方法的实现方法进行了详细介绍。通过与RHT和SGA算法的比较实验及分析，说明该方法在噪声较多时具有收敛速度快、抗干扰能力强等优点，对图片进行的椭圆提取表明该算法的广泛适用性和实用价值。