新型螺杆挤出机熔体输送理论的研究

介绍了一种新型嵌套式螺杆挤出机。对熔体输送段进行了深入分析，把内螺杆的运动等效为螺杆轴的反向拖曳和螺棱的正向推力置换两部分作用，建立了对应的物理模型和数学模型，并得到了解析解。重点讨论了沿螺槽方向的流动和横向流动，并与普通单螺杆挤出机作对比，得到了螺杆和机筒同时旋转情况下的体积流率。结果表明，所建模型的解析解和文献中的实验数据较为吻合，当螺杆和机筒同时旋转时，熔体输送段的体积流率大大增加，横向流动和平行平板模型类似。     

硬脂酸柱撑类水滑石的制备及应用

采用离子交换法制备了硬脂酸柱撑类水滑石,并用红外光谱分析对其进行了表征.通过HAAKE流变仪、颜色测定仪研究了硬脂酸柱撑类水滑石与钙锌热稳定剂并用时的热稳定性,重点考察了水滑石的结构对PVC稳定性能的影响.结果表明硬脂酸柱撑类水滑石与钙皂/锌皂复配显著改善了PVC热老化过程中的初期着色性.     

铁电极氰化物电镀过程中的活化现象

采用循环伏安法和恒电流法研究了铁电极在氰化物电解液中的行为,证实了在阴极过程中电极首先极化至铁表面钝态层的还原,实现了表面的活化;随后极化至金属在活化的铁基体上的电沉积过程。     

介孔磷酸铝分子筛的研究进展

从合成方法、特性和应用三个方面综述了介孔磷酸铝分子筛(AlPO4)的国内外研究进展,分析了水热或溶剂热在合成介孔AlPO4分子筛工艺上的特点,介绍了介孔AlPO4分子筛的结构组成和在化工领域中的一些应用。     

甲基-酰基-萘在庚烷、辛烷和十二烷中溶解度的测定与关联

The solubilities of 2-methyl-6-acetylnaphthalene (2,6-MAN) and 2-methyl-7-acetylnaphthalene (2,7-MAN) in n-heptane, n-octane, and n-dodecane were measured, respectively, from 273.15 to 319.15 K using an analytical method. On the basis of the thermodynamics theory of solid-liquid equilibrium, a model was derived to relate the solubilities with temperature. Using the least square method, the parameters of the model, the fusion enthalpies △fusH and the Margules equation coefficients A12 and A21 of 2,6-MAN and 2,7-MAN in n-heptane, n-octane, and n-dodecane-were obtained by regressing the experimental data. The average deviation of the model was 1.70%.     

大粒径聚丙烯酸丁酯胶乳的制备

采用种子乳液聚合法制备了丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物生产工艺中的基础胶乳聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA),考察了配方和工艺条件对其粒径增大的影响。结果表明,在合成种子胶乳时可加入质量分数0.2%～0.8%的乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠;在种子胶乳粒径放大试验时,加入质量分数0.3%的乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠及补加的单体量为种子胶乳总固体物质量的33倍可以得到大粒径的PBA胶乳。采用种子乳液聚合法进行PBA胶乳粒径放大方法简便、效果明显。     

PVA-based activated carbon fibers with lotus root-like axially porous structure

A novel method was developed for the fabrication of activated carbon fiber (ACF) with wet spinning polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers as the precursors. Through a combination of preoxidation, dehydration, carbonization and activation under a certain tension, PVA-based ACFs (PVA-ACFs) with high yields and good mechanical properties were obtained. The surface and cross-section morphologies, pore structures, surface geometries, surface functional groups and crystal structures of the PVA-ACFs were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, low temperature nitrogen adsorption, Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray power diffraction. All the PVA-ACF samples prepared had lotus root-like axially meso- and macroporous structures with the domination of micropores. Fractal geometries of PVA-ACFs deduced from nitrogen adsorption isotherms indicates that capillary force dominated in the interactions between nitrogen and the PVA-ACFs. The surface functional groups of the PVA-ACFs depend on the activating agents. Graphitoidal crystal structures were observed for the PVA-ACFs. The small crystal size and short range ordering between the crystallites ensured a high specific surface area of the PVA-ACFs.     

苯甲酸催化加氢合成环己基甲酸的研究

采用绿色合成法,在水相条件下,在Pd/C催化剂的作用下用苯甲酸催化氢化合成环己基甲酸.通过一系列的实验,得到了较好的合成环己基甲酸的工艺条件,在该条件下,能够得到比较纯的产物和较好的产物收率.     

高铁酸钾稳定性研究进展

综述了多功能水处理剂高铁酸钾稳定性影响因素,探讨了提高高铁酸钾稳定性的方法,并展望了高铁酸钾稳定性研究的方向.