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排序方式: 共有1433条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
We demonstrate a microfluidic continuous-flow protein separation process in which silica-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles
interact preferentially with hemoglobin in a mixture with bovine serum albumin, and the resulting hemoglobin-nanoparticle
aggregates are recovered online using magnetophoresis. We present detailed modeling and analysis of this process yielding
quantitative estimates of the recovery of both proteins, validated by experiments. While several previous studies utilize
an average particle size in modeling magnetophoretic particle trajectories or process design, in this study we emphasize the
importance of accounting for particle size distributions in calculating particle recovery, and therefore in estimating separation
efficiency. We combine experimentally measured size distributions of protein-nanoparticle aggregates with simulations of particle
trajectories and provide a simple analytical method to calculate the efficiency of separation at various flow speeds, which
fully accounts for heterogeneity in particle sizes. Our method can potentially be used for affinity based biomolecular separations
at both analytical and preparative scales by exploiting well-established techniques to functionalize nanoparticle surfaces
with selective ligands. Further, the modeling methodology presented here may be applied to provide better estimates of particle
recovery in a broad range of magnetophoretic separation processes involving heterogeneity in particle sizes. 相似文献
42.
ProbExplorer: Uncertainty‐guided Exploration and Editing of Probabilistic Medical Image Segmentation
In this paper, we develop an interactive analysis and visualization tool for probabilistic segmentation results in medical imaging. We provide a systematic approach to analyze, interact and highlight regions of segmentation uncertainty. We introduce a set of visual analysis widgets integrating different approaches to analyze multivariate probabilistic field data with direct volume rendering. We demonstrate the user's ability to identify suspicious regions (e.g. tumors) and correct the misclassification results using a novel uncertainty‐based segmentation editing technique. We evaluate our system and demonstrate its usefulness in the context of static and time‐varying medical imaging datasets. 相似文献
43.
Ismail Ababneh Saad Bani-Mohammad Mohamed Ould-Khaoua 《The Journal of supercomputing》2010,53(1):5-25
Allocating submeshes to jobs in mesh-connected multicomputers in an FCFS fashion leads to poor system performance because
a large job at the head of the waiting queue can prevent the allocation of free submeshes to other smaller waiting jobs. However,
serving jobs aggressively out-of-order can lead to excessive waiting delays for large jobs located at the head of the waiting
queue. In this paper, we show that the ability of the job scheduling algorithm to bypass the head of the waiting queue should
increase with the load, and we propose a scheduling scheme that can bypass the waiting queue head in a load-dependent adaptive
fashion. Also, giving priority to large jobs because they are more difficult to accommodate is investigated. The performance
of the proposed scheme has been compared to that of FCFS, aggressive out-of-order scheduling, and other previous job scheduling
schemes. Extensive simulation results based on synthetic workloads and real workload traces indicate that our scheduling strategy
is a good strategy when both average and maximum job waiting delays are considered. In particular, it is substantially superior
to FCFS in terms of mean turnaround times, and to aggressive out-of-order scheduling in terms of maximum waiting delays. 相似文献
44.
T. Hussein M.S. Saad A.L. Elshafei A. Bahgat 《Expert systems with applications》2009,36(10):12104-12112
This paper introduces a robust adaptive fuzzy controller as a power system stabilizer (RFPSS) used to damp inter-area modes of oscillation following disturbances in power systems. In contrast to the IEEE standard multi-band power system stabilizer (MB-PSS), robust adaptive fuzzy-based stabilizers are more efficient because they cope with oscillations at different operating points. The proposed controller adopts a dynamic inversion approach. Since feedback linearization is practically imperfect, components that ensure robust and adaptive performance are included in the control law to compensate for modelling errors and achieve acceptable tracking errors. Two fuzzy systems are implemented. The first system models the nominal values of the system’s nonlinearities. The second system is an adaptive one that compensates for modelling errors. A feedback linearization-based control law is implemented using the identified model. The gains of the controller are tuned via a particle swarm optimization routine to ensure system stability and minimum sum of the squares of the speed deviations. A bench-mark problem of a 4-machine 2-area power system is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller and to show its superiority over other conventional stabilizers used in the literature. 相似文献
45.
A survey and taxonomy on energy efficient resource allocation techniques for cloud computing systems
Abdul Hameed Alireza Khoshkbarforoushha Rajiv Ranjan Prem Prakash Jayaraman Joanna Kolodziej Pavan Balaji Sherali Zeadally Qutaibah Marwan Malluhi Nikos Tziritas Abhinav Vishnu Samee U. Khan Albert Zomaya 《Computing》2016,98(7):751-774
In a cloud computing paradigm, energy efficient allocation of different virtualized ICT resources (servers, storage disks, and networks, and the like) is a complex problem due to the presence of heterogeneous application (e.g., content delivery networks, MapReduce, web applications, and the like) workloads having contentious allocation requirements in terms of ICT resource capacities (e.g., network bandwidth, processing speed, response time, etc.). Several recent papers have tried to address the issue of improving energy efficiency in allocating cloud resources to applications with varying degree of success. However, to the best of our knowledge there is no published literature on this subject that clearly articulates the research problem and provides research taxonomy for succinct classification of existing techniques. Hence, the main aim of this paper is to identify open challenges associated with energy efficient resource allocation. In this regard, the study, first, outlines the problem and existing hardware and software-based techniques available for this purpose. Furthermore, available techniques already presented in the literature are summarized based on the energy-efficient research dimension taxonomy. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing techniques are comprehensively analyzed against the proposed research dimension taxonomy namely: resource adaption policy, objective function, allocation method, allocation operation, and interoperability. 相似文献
46.
Marcelo Godoy Simões Tiago Davi Curi Busarello Abdullah Saad Bubshait Farnaz Harirchi José Antenor Pomilio Frede Blaabjerg 《International journal of control》2016,89(4):850-870
This paper presents interactive smart battery-based storage (BBS) for wind generator (WG) and photovoltaic (PV) systems. The BBS is composed of an asymmetric cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (ACMI) with staircase modulation. The structure is parallel to the WG and PV systems, allowing the ACMI to have a reduction in power losses compared to the usual solution for storage connected at the DC-link of the converter for WG or PV systems. Moreover, the BBS is embedded with a decision algorithm running real-time energy costs, plus a battery state-of-charge manager and power quality capabilities, making the described system in this paper very interactive, smart and multifunctional. The paper describes how BBS interacts with the WG and PV and how its performance is improved. Experimental results are presented showing the efficacy of this BBS for renewable energy applications. 相似文献
47.
Entering the field in qualitative field research: a rite of passage into a complex practice world 下载免费PDF全文
The concept of ‘the field’ is significant in ethnographic research as well as qualitative research methods more generally. However, how a field researcher enters the field is usually taken for granted after gaining access to the field. We suggest that entrance is a distinct phase of fieldwork that differs from negotiating access. Entrance is not a trivial event; rather, it is a rite of passage into a complex practice world and marks a critical field moment. Drawing on our ethnography and insights from hermeneutics and anthropology, we show that a practical understanding of the field represents a fusion of horizons where a fieldworker is thrown. The concept of thrownness highlights the fact that the fieldworkers' own historicity and prejudices affect their entrance into the field; hence, entrance into the field orientates an ethnographer in the field and influences the entire period of fieldwork that follows. Our theorizing is intended as a contribution towards advancing the discussion of qualitative research methods. 相似文献
48.
Umair Saad Usama Afzal Ahmad El-Issawi Mohamad Eid 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2017,76(10):12517-12537
Until now the virtual assistants (like Siri, Google Now and Cortana) have primarily been confined to voice input and output only. Is there a justification for voice only confinement or can we enhance the user experience by adding a visual output? We hypothesized that providing a higher level of visual/auditory immersion would enhance the quality of user experience. In order to test this hypothesis, we first developed 4 variants of virtual assistant, each with a different audio/visual level of immersion. Developed virtual assistant systems were the following; audio only, audio and 2D visual display, audio and 3D visual display and audio and immersive 3D visual display. We developed a plan for usability testing of all 4 variants. The usability testing was conducted with 30 subjects against eight (8) dependent variables included presence, involvement, attention, reliability, dependency, easiness, satisfaction and expectations. Each subject rated these dependent variables based on a scale of 1–5, 5 being the highest value. The raw data collected from usability testing was then analyzed through several tools in order to determine the factors contributing towards the quality of experience for each of the 4 variants. The significant factors were then used develop a model that measures the quality of user experience. It was found that each variant had a different set of significant variables. Hence, in order to rate each system there is a need to develop a scale that is dependent upon the unique set of variables for the respective variant. Furthermore, it was found that variant 4 scored the highest rate for Quality of Experience (QoE). Lastly several other qualitative conclusions were also drawn from this research that will guide future work in the field of virtual assistants. 相似文献
49.
Microscale materials testing using MEMS actuators 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Small size scale and high resolutions in force and displacement measurements make MEMS actuators appropriate for micromechanical testing. In this paper, for the first time, we present methodologies for uniaxial tensile and cantilever bending testing of both micrometer- and submicrometer-scale freestanding specimens using MEMS actuators. We also introduce dry fabrication processes for the specimens. The methodologies allow freestanding single or multilayered thin-film specimens to be fabricated separately from the MEMS actuators. For the uniaxial tension test, tensile forces are applied by lateral comb drive actuators capable of generating a total load of 383 μN at 40 V with resolutions on the order of 3 nN. A similar actuator is used in the bending test, with load resolution of 58 nN and spring constant of 0.78 N/m. The tensile testing methodology is demonstrated with the testing of a 110-nm-thick freestanding aluminum specimen. The cantilever bending experiment is performed on a 100-nm-thick aluminum specimen. The experimental setups can be mounted in a SEM (and also in a TEM after modifications for tensile testing) for in situ observation of materials behavior under different environmental conditions. Remarkable strengthening is observed in all the specimens tested compared to their bulk counterparts in both tensile and bending experiments. Experimental results highlight the potential of MEMS actuators as a new tool for materials research 相似文献
50.
Ali S. Saad 《Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis》2008,18(1):63-70
Speckle can be described as random multiplicative noise. It hampers the perception and extraction of fine details in the image.
Speckle reduction techniques are applied to ultrasound images in order to reduce the noise level and improve the visual quality
for better diagnoses. It is also used as preliminary treatment before segmentation and classification. Several methods have
been proposed for speckle reduction in ultrasound images. Multiscale contrast enhancement has proven to be very efficient
for x-ray images. A recent study by Dippel et al. doing a comparison, contrast enhancement of radiographs (x-ray and mammography),
between the Laplacian pyramid and the wavelet one proves that the Laplacian pyramid method gives a better result than the
wavelet one; the filtering aspect was not taken into account. In ultrasound images a strong contrast variation exists which
is different from x-ray and mammography. In this paper a wavelet pyramid with simultaneous speckle reduction and contrast
enhancement was applied for the first time on ultrasound images with the area of interest and compared to a Laplacian enhancement
pyramid. The optimum choice of wavelet bases for ultrasound images is investigated in this study. In order to realize a fair
comparison, the same nonlinear modification in both multiscale schemes is used. The comparison proves that the wavelet pyramid
gives a much better result than the Laplacian one for simultaneous speckle reduction and contrast enhancement of ultrasound
images.
The text was submitted by the author in English.
Ali Samir Saad, 1964. 1996 PhD in image processing, Polytechnics School of the Engineering University of Nantes, France. 1993 Masters in
Electronics. 1990 Masters in Digital Image Processing, Institute of Computer Sciences and Communication University of Rennes,
France. 1989 BS in Electrical Engineering, University of Saint-Etienne. Academy of Lyon, France. 1996–2000 Research associate
at the National Center for Macromolecular Imaging. Baylor, Houston, Texas. Assistant professor at King Saud University, Dept.
of Biomedical Technology. Area of research in medical image processing and analysis, 23 publications, member of the American
Association for the Advancement of Sciences. Marquis Who’s Who in the World; Cambridge Blue Book 2006. 相似文献