Nickel-Carnosine complex:A new carrier for enzymes immobilization by affinity adsorption

Immobilization is an effective method to promote the application of enzyme industry for improving the stability and realizing recovery of enzyme.To some extent,the performance of immobilized enzyme depends on the choice of carrier material.Therefore,the development of new carrier materials has been one of the key issues concerned by enzyme immobilization researchers.In this work,a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material,nickel-carnosine complex (NiCar),was synthesized for the first time by solvothermal method.The obtained NiCar exhibits spherical morphology,hierarchical porosity and abun-dant unsaturated coordination nickel ions,which provide excellent anchoring sites for the immobiliza-tion of proteins.His-tagged organophosphate-degrading enzyme (OpdA) and ω-transaminase (ω-TA)were used as model enzymes to evaluate the performance of NiCar as a carrier.By a simple adsorption process,the enzyme molecules can be fixed on the particles of NiCar,and the stability and reusability are significantly improved.The analysis of protein adsorption on NiCar verified that the affinity adsorp-tion between the imidazole functional group on the protein and the unsaturated coordination nickel ions on NiCar was the main force in the immobilization process,which provided an idea way for the develop-ment of new enzyme immobilization carriers.     

3D Prussian blue/Pt decorated carbon nanofibers based screen-printed microchips for the ultrasensitive hydroquinone biosensing

Nowadays,water pollution has become more serious,greatly affecting human life and healthy.Electrochemical biosensor,a novel and rapid detection technique,plays an important role in the real-time and trace detection of water pollutants.However,the stability and sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors remain a great challenge for practical detections in real samples to the strong interferences derived from complex components and coagulation effects.In this work,we reported a novel three-dimensional architecture of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)/ Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) composite film,using 3D interweaved carbon nanofibers as a supporting matrix,for the construction of screen-printed microchips-based biosensor.PtNPs with diameters of～2.5 nm was highly dispersed on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to build a 3D skeleton nanostructure through a solvothermal reduction.Subsequently,uniform PBNPs were in-situ self-assembled on this skeleton to construct a 3D architecture of PB/Pt-CNF composite film.Due to the synergistic effects derived from this special feature,the as-prepared hydro-quinone (HQ) biosensor chips can synchronously promote both surface area and conductivity to greatly enhance the electrocatalysis from enzymatic reaction.This biosensor has exhibited a high sensitivity of 220.28 μA·L·mmol-1·cm-2 with an ultrawide linear range from 2.5μmol·L-1 to 1.45 mmol·L-1 at a low potential of 0.15 V,as well as the satisfactory reproducibility and usage stability.Besides,its accuracy was also verified in the assays of real water samples.It is highly expected that the 3D PB/Pt-CNF based screen-printed microchips will have wide applications in dynamic monitoring and early warning of ana-lytes in the various practical fields.     

基于EMD-WPT-SVD和指数加权平均的MOA阻性电流去干扰方法

金属氧化物避雷器(metal oxide arrester,MOA)阻性电流测量受环境干扰、高频噪声干扰和脉冲干扰等因素的影响,阻性电流实测信号必然含有多种强干扰成分.针对传统阻性电流去干扰方法在多种并发干扰情形下难以适用的难题,提出了一种基于EMD-WPT-SVD和指数加权平均的MOA阻性电流去干扰方法.首先,依据阻性电流中周期干扰的基波频率、采样频率和特征频率是否被间谐波浸没的特点,选取最佳分解层数和最优小波基;其次,对MOA阻性电流进行经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD),将含有特征频率的模态分量再使用小波包变换(wavelet packet transform,WPT),使每个子信号最多含有一个特征频率;再采用奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)准确提取所有子信号中的周期分量;最后,从原信号中准确消除阻性电流受到的周期干扰,然后通过指数加权平均算法得到能真实反映MOA工况的阻性电流变化趋势.将模拟信号和工程实测数据与多种经典方法进行比较,结果证明:所提方法能消除阻性电流的多种干扰,得到能真实反映MOA实时工况的阻性电流,其结果满足实际工程测量的要求.     

集成行波测距功能的高压输电线路保护装置的技术探讨

以集成行波测距功能的高压线路保护装置为目标,提出了装置的总体硬件架构设计方案和行波测距软件的整体实现方案,并利用线路保护的判别信息提高了行波测距功能的可靠性,在不影响继电保护性能的基础上实现了行波测距功能与保护功能的整体融合,为提高输电线路保护装置的测距性能提供了技术保证,仿真结果验证了该集成技术的可行性。集成了行波测距的线路保护装置能实时精确定位线路故障点,大大减少人工巡线的工作量,缩短了故障修复时间,提高了供电可靠性。     

基于多分量融合的调度端小电流接地选线策略

针对中性点不接地的配电系统站端接地选线方式投资大、维护成本高,零序电流采样监测运行维护困难的问题,提出一种基于多分量融合的调度端小电流接地选线方法。首先,在现有调度自动化系统监测数据集中,针对性分析了对接地故障较为敏感的单分量特征及其影响因素;其次,综合考虑实际运行可靠性和判断准确性,提出了基于三角模融合的接地选线判据;进而通过归一化计算各线路接地概率,实现在调度端远程的故障线路准确选线;最后,通过在某电力公司实际部署基于所提方法的小电流接地选线功能模块进行实测验证。运行结果显示,所提方法具有良好的选线成功率,能够较好支撑调度端的远程故障定位,具有较高的推广价值。     

防治玉米田双斑长跗萤叶甲杀虫剂室内筛选及田间防效试验

[目的]筛选出防治双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫的低毒、高效药剂。[方法]采用浸虫法筛选12种杀虫剂防治双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫的室内活性,并通过大田试验进一步验证。[结果]室内筛选结果表明:呋虫胺的杀虫活性最高,在24、48 h的LC50值分别为0.5026、0.2159 mg/L;联苯菊酯、噻虫嗪、高效氯氟氰菊酯、啶虫脒、吡虫啉和毒死蜱对双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫的杀虫活性次之,苦参碱和蛇床子素24、48 h均无杀虫活性。田间防效试验表明:6种杀虫剂对双斑长跗萤叶甲均有较好的防治效果,其中高效氯氟氰菊酯和啶虫脒在药后7 d,防治效果达到100%。[结论]菊酯类和新烟碱类杀虫剂在室内生物活性和田间防效试验中对双斑长跗萤叶甲表现出优异防治效果,可在田间进一步推广使用。     

计及储能与分布式电源协同的配电网分层分区优化控制

当前配网面临着大规模分布式电源及多类型储能分散接入的情形,为配网系统的优化管控带来了极大的复杂性。基于分层优化、分区协同的思想,提出了一种区域内自治、区域间协调的配网分层优化体系,以达到大规模分布式电源并网后系统优化运行的目的。在优化调度层中,以各区域与主网交换功率的可调度性为目标建立动态数学模型,通过区域间协同优化实现大规模分布式电源友好并网,得到区域的整点功率交换指令。在区域内控制层中,考虑到不同分布式电源调节能力的差异性,结合储能系统基于模糊策略响应并修正上一级的整点指令,并给出各区域5 min超短期调度指令。在设备级控制中,基于PWM变流器对各储能系统进行实时控制以响应上一级的指令。最后基于算例仿真计算对所提方案进行了验证。     

室温下ZnO超疏水表面的制备及油水分离性能

利用简便的液相法,在室温下于不锈钢网上沉积ZnO纳米片和纳米花粗糙结构,接着通过浸渍法修饰低表面能物质硬脂酸,制备了超疏水不锈钢网。对沉积后的不锈钢网表面形貌、晶体结构、润湿性能、耐磨性能、油水分离性能等进行表征与测定。结果表明,该不锈钢网表面由纳米片和纳米花组成的微纳米结构ZnO构成,具有超疏水性,水接触角161 °;油水分离效率达98%,循环使用20次后分离效率仍保持在95.5%以上;具有良好的机械耐磨性,在高盐环境中表现出化学稳定性。     

变电站电气二次专业数字化施工图绘制与成果移交

通过分析变电站电气二次施工图的设计流程,研究电气二次专业的三维数字化移交需求,提出二次施工图"实回路""虚回路"协同设计方法,提高电气二次施工图绘制效率,实现二次系统三维模型数字化交付、无纸化管理,极大方便了智能变电站二次系统管控.     

林生茜草果实花青素纯化及稳定性分析

以林生茜草果实为原料,比较了6种大孔树脂对其花青素的吸附及解吸性能,确定林生茜草果实花青素的纯化工艺条件,并对纯化后的花青素进行了稳定性研究。结果表明,LX-8树脂为最佳纯化树脂,吸附平衡时间3 h,最佳工艺条件：吸附及解吸液pH 2.0,解吸剂乙醇体积百分数70%,吸附与解吸流速均为0.5 mL/min,解吸剂用量60 mL。纯化后色价77.53,纯度（质量分数）37.99%。稳定性研究结果表明,林生茜草果实花青素在酸性、低温、避光环境中较为稳定;Na+ 、K+ 、Al3+ 、Mg2+ 的加入对其稳定性无不良影响,Ca2+ 、Fe2+ 则对其稳定性具有破坏作用;氧化还原剂对花青素具有破坏作用;而防腐剂对其稳定性没有影响;加热条件下,糖与酸味剂的加入均对花青素稳定性产生影响。