Analysis of Temperature Effect in Quadruple Gate Nano-scale FinFET

Silicon - Quadruple gate FinFET is a promising candidate among other multi-gate MOS devices due to it’s better scalability and higher short channel effect suppression capability in advanced...     

Efficient Design of Bi-circular Patch Antenna for 5G Communication with Mathematical Calculations for Resonant Frequencies

Wireless Personal Communications - In this paper the conventional circular patch has been reshaped by two circular arcs with the FR4 Epoxy material for substrate. This is supported by the...     

Popularity of patent commercialization policies: Iran as a case

Commercialization of technologies has attracted increasing attention over the past years due to its role in improving national competitiveness. Iran has not been an exception as the country's policy-makers have been actively engaged in crafting national policies to facilitate and promote commercialization of technologies. The popularity of the existing policies in this field, however, has not been properly researched. Our research, by following a survey study methodology, aims for the first time to address this gap. The study looks at popularity of governmental policies aimed at supporting commercialization of patented technologies in Iran, based on the careful study of 10 cases of successfully commercialized patented technologies in Iran. Our results indicate that the commercialization process of the studied patented technologies was very much affected by some company/technology-specific characteristics. The study shows that the two policy measures with the highest perceived popularity were the financial supports and the services offered by incubation centers. Our results also show that some of the existing supportive policy measures did not serve the intended purposes and some other measures need to be fine-tuned, as far as the studied cases are concerned, such as frequently held invention and innovation exhibitions and the government-supported media coverage.     

Significant population genetic structuring in Rhyzopertha dominica across Turkey: Biogeographic and practical implications

Rhyzopertha dominica is a key pest of stored grain. Understanding the movement of this beetle on broad geographic scales is crucial, particularly when developing strategies to prevent the spread of phosphine resistance. We assessed population genetic structuring in this pest across Turkey, using a combination of mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and microsatellite markers. In addition, we screened samples for Wolbachia, as this endosymbiont has previously been suggested to be associated with low mitochondrial genetic diversity in this beetle. Mitochondrial genetic diversity was low, with only six haplotypes identified. The genetic diversity was, however, substantially higher than that previously found in Australia or India, suggesting that R. dominica may have originated in the Middle East. Wolbachia were detected only at a single site, indicating they are not impacting the mitochondrial genetic diversity of R. dominica across Turkey. Microsatellite markers indicated there is significant geographic genetic structuring across Turkey, even among sites less than 100 km apart, suggesting there is little movement of beetles across regions within the country. This contrasts with the significantly higher levels of gene-flow found in Australia and the United States. We suggest that the limited movement of beetles across Turkey may be due to a combination of the historically localised agricultural practices (which limits anthropogenic movement among regions), and the mountainous landscape (which limits active flight among regions). Our results demonstrate that the movement of stored product pests may differ significantly across studies conducted in different countries. As a consequence, phosphine resistance management strategies must incorporate region specific information on the extent of beetle movement.     

Robust decentralized neural networks based LFC in a deregulated power system

In this paper, a decentralized radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) based controller for load frequency control (LFC) in a deregulated power system is presented using the generalized model for LFC scheme according to the possible contracts. To achieve decentralization, the connections between each control area with the rest of system and effects of possible contracted scenarios are treated as a set of input disturbance signals. The idea of mixed H₂/H_∞ control technique is used for the training of the proposed controller. The motivation for using this control strategy for training the RBFNN based controller is to take large modeling uncertainties into account, cover physical constraints on control action and minimize the effects of area load disturbances. This newly developed design strategy combines the advantage of the neural networks and mixed H₂/H_∞ control techniques to provide robust performance and leads to a flexible controller with simple structure that is easy to implement. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on a three-area restructured power system. The results of the proposed controllers are compared with the mixed H₂/H_∞ controllers for three scenarios of the possible contracts under large load demands and disturbances. The resulting controller is shown to minimize the effects of area load disturbances and maintain robust performance in the presence of plant parameter changes and system nonlinearities.     

Bridging stresses in sintered reaction-bonded Si3N4 from COD measurements

Crack opening displacement measurements on a sintered reaction-bonded Si₃N₄ ceramic obtained in bending tests with edge-V-notched specimens were evaluated. A procedure is proposed which allows a straight-forward evaluation of the experimental results in order to obtain the bridging stresses as a function of crack opening displacements. Bridging stresses up to 160 MPa were found acting over a distance of about 0.4 μm. In addition crack profile measurements were performed for Vickers indentation cracks which could approximately be described by use of the bridging relation obtained.     

New high concentration–high temperature hydrogenation method for slow strain rate tensile tests

The aim of the present paper is to propose an innovative hydrogenation method based on metal hydride dissociation.By heating metal hydride, high pressure of molecular hydrogen is generated, which can be used to promote diffusion through the steel, resulting in very high atomic hydrogen concentration.This new hydrogenation method was tested on a F82H steel, a Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) steel developed for nuclear fusion application, where high temperature Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) is a matter of serious concern.The main goal of this study is to propose a methodology to perform tensile tests on steel at high temperature and high hydrogen contents.The technique is easy and cheap. Furthermore, by using different metal hydrides and tuning temperatures, different hydrogen concentrations can be tested.     

Fluid flow and heat transfer in an optical fiber coating process

The optical fiber coating process, using a die and applicator system, was numerically simulated. The coupled partial differential equations, governing the fluid flow and heat transfer, were solved on a transformed, non-uniform, staggered grid. A finite volume method, with conjugate heat transfer, boundary-fitted grid, and variable transport properties, was employed. The pressure was calculated using a SIMPLE-based algorithm. An isothermal case was first modeled, where the effect of the Reynolds number (Re) was studied for different geometries. Different coating fluids were considered. A conjugate boundary condition was employed at the fiber–fluid interface for the non-isothermal flow. A free surface boundary condition was used at the fiber entry into the coating fluid. The meniscus was prescribed on the basis of prior experimental work. Regardless of fiber speed, a circulating flow was observed in the applicator. High shear rates at the dynamic contact point suggest that air can be entrained with a fast moving fiber. It was also found that pressures at the coating fluid inlet did not play a major role, for typical fiber speeds, whereas the thermal conditions that affect the properties of the fluid, such as viscosity, made a significant impact on both the flow and the thermal field. This work could be used to determine the parameters that are critical for improving the quality of the coating, particularly its uniformity, and the production rate.     

A novel sine augmented scaled sine cosine algorithm for frequency control issues of a hybrid distributed two-area power system

Neural Computing and Applications - In this research article, a novel approach is proposed by considering the sine augmented scaled sine cosine (SAS-SCA) Algorithm for the load frequency control of...     

Extensive Study of Underlap Length Effect for 3-D SOI FinFET to Achieve High Switching Ratio and Low Power

Silicon - The primary purpose of this work is to study the effect of symmetric and asymmetric variation of underlap regions both on source and drain side of 3D SOI n-FinFET. Underlap length is...