对虾肠道中产毒镰孢菌抑制菌的筛选与鉴定

为了获得对产毒镰孢菌具有抑制效应的海洋细菌,从对虾肠道中分离细菌,并将分离得到的优势细菌与产T-2毒素的禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)(FG1207)进行固体对峙培养,具有抑菌圈的细菌菌落即为产毒镰孢菌的抑制菌。然后选取对FG1207具有抑制作用的细菌与FG1207进行液体共同培养,用LC-MS/MS技术检测菌悬液中T-2毒素含量,最后对具有抑制FG1207的生长和降解T-2毒素效果的细菌进行16s r RNA序列鉴定和VITEK2细菌生化鉴定。实验结果分离得到8株优势细菌,其中一株对FG1207的生长具有明显的抑制作用;LC-MS/MS检测发现该细菌与FG1207共同培养菌悬液中未检测到T-2毒素,说明该细菌不仅能够抑制产毒镰孢菌的生长,还能降解T-2毒素。经16s r RNA鉴定该细菌为海洋尼泊尔葡萄球菌(Nepal Staphylococcus Aureus),相似度为99.93%,VITEK2细菌生化鉴定的相似度为96.86%。     

金鲳鱼鱼糜制品加工工艺优化

以金鲳鱼鱼糜凝胶为研究对象,利用部分因子试验从漂洗时间、漂洗次数、擂溃方式、加热时间1、加热温度1、加热时间2、加热温度2七因素中筛选出5个对金鲳鱼鱼糜制品的凝胶强度和白度影响显著的因素,即漂洗时间、漂洗次数、擂溃时间、加热时间1及加热时间2。通过最陡爬坡试验逼近该5个因素的最大响应区域,最后利用中心复合设计响应面试验优化显著的因素,结果表明:漂洗时间3min,漂洗5次,擂溃21min,第1次加热10min,第2次加热10min,所得鱼糜凝胶强度为10 728.16g·mm;漂洗时间4min,漂洗6次,擂溃22min,第1次加热11min,第2次加热10min,优化后白度为70.91。     

抗冻技术在改善冷冻水产品品质中的应用研究

阐述了抗冻技术的基本原理和在改善冷冻水产品品质上的应用现状，主要介绍了抗冻剂、漂洗工艺和漂洗剂的使用效果。说明了抗冻技术和漂洗工艺是保持冷冻水产品新鲜度、风味和防止其蛋白质冷冻变性的有效方法。为水产品的冷加工提供理论指导。     

有机溶剂中酶促酯化合成n-3 PUFA甘油酯的研究

利用脂肪酶催化游离型的n-3PUFA与甘油发生酯化反应生成甘油酯,研究了多种因素对酯化程度的影响.研究结果表明：利用脂肪酶Novozym435,在6mL的正己烷中,反应温度40℃,甘油用量2g,n-3PUFA0.4g,初始水分含量0.5%,在反应1h后添加1g分子筛,酶添加量25mg,震荡频率150r/min,在此条件下反应24h酯化度可达90%以上.n-3 PUFA甘油酯中以甘油二酯（56.06%）为主,其次是甘油三酯（31.25%）和甘油一酯（12.07%）,游离脂肪酸（0.39%）的含量比较低.n-3 PUFA甘油酯的脂肪酸组成以DHA（73.36%）和EPA（13.49%）为主,单不饱和脂肪酸的含量仅有1.69%,几乎不合饱和脂肪酸.     

变性木薯淀粉糊精的制备工艺及其性质研究

以木薯淀粉为原料,采用醇介质酸水解制备变性木薯淀粉糊精.通过正交试验确定了淀粉糊精的制备条件,并对此条件下得到的产品进行了性质研究.结果表明,该产品持水性比原淀粉大,吸湿性较强,感官及其理化特性符合麦芽糖标准,酸解淀粉糊精的粘度与原淀粉相比数值下降,酸处理制备的糊精粒子微观结构无明显变化.     

珍珠珠核超声波钻孔试验研究

为了研究珍珠珠核超声波钻孔的性能,对用贝壳、白云岩与硬玉岩制作的珠核进行了超声波钻孔试验,使用了实心针和空心针两种钻孔工具。结果表明：贝壳珠核超声波钻孔可以克服机械式钻孔常见的层裂与破裂问题;普通方法难加工的硬玉岩珠核可通过超声波实现钻孔;白云岩珠核超声波钻孔出现边崩;实心针钻孔材料去除率比空心针高。提高超声波钻设备的定位精度与自动化程度后,超声波加工技术可以在珍珠钻孔上推广和应用。     

Manganese oxide embedded graphene nanohybrid for pH-universal electrochemical overall water splitting

Efficient non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in pH universal is highly desired in application. Herein, MnO₂/graphene composition are applied as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in pH-universal electrolytes with the help of plasma dc arc method. The couple of MnO₂ and graphene highly benefits to the H₂O, H⁺ and OH⁻ absorption respectively. The defects and stable Mn³⁺ contribute to the transfer of electron and charge. The low overpotentials and small Tafel slopes reveal attractive activities of HER and OER. The good electrocatalytic performances are attributed to the synergistic effect and abundant heterogeneous interfaces in MnO₂/graphene. These can offer rich electroactive sites and accelerate electron transfer. Thus, it may provide facile route for developing nonprecious electrocatalysts of water splitting.     

尖紫蛤全脏器糖蛋白的提取及其对鼻咽癌CNE-2Z细胞生长的影响

探讨用盐提法对尖紫蛤全脏器进行提取,并对提取物糖蛋白的抗肿瘤活性进行初步分析.结果表明:以0.5 mol/L NaCl为浸提液,料液比1:25,75℃水浴浸提85 min,60℃旋转蒸发浓缩,总糖含量,蛋白含量和得率分别为15.27％,4.42％和5.03％,醇沉乙醇终浓度达到60％提取效果最佳；采用四氮唑蓝还原法(M...     

柚子酸奶的研究

以柚子汁和脱脂奶粉为主要原料,研究柚子酸奶的生产工艺.实验确定了袖子汁添加量10%、白砂糖9%、接种量7%,发酵时间4.5h、杀茵温度90℃、杀菌时间10min;复合稳定剂种类与配比为:黄原胶0.03%、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)0.08%、卡拉胶0.005%.产品具有柚子和酸乳所特有的香气,爽滑细腻,既营养又保健,有着广阔的市场前景.     

Effect of tea polyphenols on the physical and chemical characteristics of dried-seasoned squid (Dosidicus gigas) during storage

The effects of tea polyphenols (TP) dip treatment on the physical and chemical characteristics of dried-seasoned squid (Dosidicus gigas) during storage at 25 °C were assessed. After the storage, the b* value increased significantly, while the free amino acids (FAA) including Ser, Gly, Arg, Tyr and Lys, and the dominant reducing sugar (RS), lactose, decreased remarkably, which revealed the occurrence of browning reaction in dried-seasoned squid. The progressive conversion of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and production of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) were found during the entire period of storage. Furthermore, the advantages of reducing moisture loss, inhibiting oxidation of lipids, depressing TMAO breakdown and TVB-N accumulation were observed, while the browning reaction exhibited no significant decrease for the TP samples. These results indicated that the addition of TP could maintain quality of dried-seasoned squid.