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Bee pollen possesses a broad range of potential biological activities, but nutrient absorption and biological activities of bee pollen may be restricted due to complex pollen wall. This study aimed to investigate wall-disruption variations of Brassica campestris L. (rape) bee pollen treated with protamex hydrolysis, ultrasonication, and combination of protamex hydrolysis and ultrasonication. Pollen sample treated with these three treatments had higher specific surface area values and smaller particle sizes than the untreated sample. Protamex hydrolysis degraded the pollen coat and disintegrated the intine at the germinal apertures. Ultrasonication treatment cracked the pollen exine into fragments, but seemed to have little effect on the intine. The combination of protamex hydrolysis and ultrasonication can degrade pollen coat and entirely disrupt both the exine and the intine. The exine of rape bee pollen was disrupted into three fragments along germinal apertures. 相似文献
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NiFe (Oxy) Hydroxides Derived from NiFe Disulfides as an Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalyst for Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries: The Effect of Surface S Residues 下载免费PDF全文
Tanyuan Wang Gyutae Nam Yue Jin Xingyu Wang Pengju Ren Min Gyu Kim Jiashun Liang Xiaodong Wen Haeseong Jang Jiantao Han Yunhui Huang Qing Li Jaephil Cho 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(27)
A facile H2O2 oxidation treatment to tune the properties of metal disulfides for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity enhancement is introduced. With this method, the degree of oxidation can be readily controlled and the effect of surface S residues in the resulted metal (oxy)hydroxides for the OER is revealed for the first time. The developed NiFe (oxy)hydroxide catalyst with residual S demonstrates an extraordinarily low OER overpotential of 190 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm?2 after coupling with carbon nanotubes, and outstanding performance in Zn–air battery tests. Theoretical calculation suggests that the surface S residues can significantly reduce the adsorption free energy difference between O* and OH* intermediates on the Fe sites, which should account for the high OER activity of NiFe (oxy)hydroxide catalysts. This work provides significant insight regarding the effect of surface heteroatom residues in OER electrocatalysis and offers a new strategy to design high‐performance and cost‐efficient OER catalysts. 相似文献
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该研究利用TaqMan特异性探针实时荧光PCR检测手段,建立了高效、精准鉴别贵州特色(中蜂)蓝莓蜜的方法。对贵州白竹林、麻卡和乌卡坪三个地域的蓝莓种植区蓝莓蜜进行采集(包括意蜂蓝莓蜜),同时购买市售蜂蜜及加拿大蓝莓蜜,该方法通过采集贵州麻江县白竹林地区蓝莓种植园及蜂场周围蓝莓同花期26种植物样本,基于植物基因组中trnL基因序列的多序列比对,设计蓝莓trnL基因特异性引物,并进行TaqMan探针验证。结果表明,本研究设计的TaqMan探针特异性强,建立的TaqMan探针实时荧光PCR检测方法能检测到蓝莓花粉DNA最低浓度为0.3 ng/μL;利用建立的方法对11种市售蜂蜜和贵州蓝莓蜜样本进行检测,发现贵州蓝莓蜜的Ct值为24~26,蓝莓花粉数在800~1 700颗,其余蜂蜜Ct值在30以上,表明该方法能够有效实现贵州蓝莓蜜和其他蜂蜜的区分,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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为研究茶花粉乳酸菌发酵前后基本营养成分以及生物活性的影响。以茶花粉为原料在嗜热链球菌和植物乳杆菌的共同作用下进行发酵处理后分析测定发酵前后基本营养成分,α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性以及清除羟自由基能力的变化。结果表明,乳酸菌发酵茶花粉发酵终点为72 h,发酵茶花粉与未发酵茶花粉相比,还原糖、脂肪含量有所降低,灰分、蛋白质、多酚、黄酮含量分别有不同程度的提高,对α-葡萄糖苷酶的半抑制浓度(IC50)由49.09 mg/mL降低到38.79 mg/mL,并且清除羟自由基能力的半抑制浓度(EC50)由4.49 mg/mL提高到5.78 mg/mL。该研究为茶花粉乳酸菌发酵产物的开发利用提供了实验参考。 相似文献
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目的:以烟曲霉CEA-1701为生产菌株,对烟曲霉素发酵培养基进行优化。方法:运用HPLC测定发酵液中烟曲霉素含量,通过单因素实验选择发酵碳源和氮源种类,进一步用Plackett-Burman(PB)和Box-Behnken Design(BBD)设计优化各成分在培养基中的浓度。结果:单因素实验筛选到适宜烟曲霉素合成的碳源和氮源分别为甘油和酵母提取粉。PB实验表明,甘油、玉米粉和酵母提取粉是影响烟曲霉素产量的主要因素;BBD实验优化得到产烟曲霉素的适宜培养基成分为:甘油33.5 g/L、酵母提取粉3.1 g/L、玉米粉1.7 g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g/L、K2HPO4 1.5 g/L、KCl 0.5 g/L、FeSO4·7H2O 0.013 g/L。以此培养基发酵144 h测得发酵液中烟曲霉素含量达到68.51 mg/L,较优化前提高了122.4%。结论:实验优化了发酵烟曲霉素的培养基成分,显著提高了烟曲霉CEA-1701菌株合成烟曲霉素产量,为烟曲霉素的发酵生产提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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海南无刺蜂蜂蜜中多酚类物质成分分析及其抗氧化、抗炎活性评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以海南无刺蜂蜂蜜及其多酚类提取物为研究对象,分别测定分析无刺蜂蜂蜜的理化成分和多酚物质,研究其抗氧化和抗炎活性。通过液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱分析多酚类成分,并采用福林-酚法和硝酸铝比色法测定多酚类提取物总酚酸和总黄酮含量。采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基、2,2’-联氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical,ABTS+·)清除实验和铁离子还原力实验评价多酚类提取物的体外抗氧化活性,并采用细菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccharides,LPS)诱导的RAW 264.7细胞体外炎症模型,探究多酚类提取物的抗炎活性。结果显示,无刺蜂蜂蜜水分质量分数为(26.3±0.1)%,pH 3.7±0.2,蛋白质含量为(628.2±9.0)mg/kg,淀粉酶值为(19.6±0.2)mL/(g·h),总糖质量分数为(46.7±6.0)%,包括果糖(21.0±3.7)%、葡萄糖(24.9±2.2)%、蔗糖(0.8±0.1)%;多酚类提取物的总酚酸和总黄酮含量分别为(96.6±0.4)μg CAE/g和(16.1±0.3)μg QE/g;多酚类提取物的DPPH自由基和ABTS+?清除能力IC50值分别为(435.1±0.4)、(423.0±0.3)μg/mL,铁离子还原力为(0.6±0.02)μmol Trolox/g;在体外抗炎实验中,多酚类提取物能显著抑制由LPS诱导的RAW 264.7细胞NO的释放,并显著抑制促炎症基因iNOS、IL-1β、IL-6和MCP-1的表达,显著增强抗氧化基因HO-1的表达,并呈剂量相关性。综上所述,海南无刺蜂蜂蜜营养成分丰富,富含酚酸和黄酮类物质,且具有很强的抗氧化和抗炎能力,具有良好的开发利用价值。 相似文献
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