一种基于区域分割的多尺度遥感图像融合方法

光谱保持和高分辨率保留是图像融合的重要问题,提出了一种区域分割和小波变换相结合的多尺度遥感图像融合方法。首先对经过配准的待融合图像进行小波变换,然后对变换后的低频系数进行基于区域标准差的分割,将低频系数分为目标信息和背景信息,接着对目标信息采取基于绝对值的融合,对背景信息采用基于灰度误差的融合。对小波变换后的高频系数采用基于清晰度的融合规则,最后进行小波逆变换得到融合图像。将该方法和几种常用融合方法进行对比分析,结果表明:该方法在有效地保持多光谱影像光谱信息的同时,可以有效地提高融合影像的空间细节信息,有利于后续进行信息提取和图像分类。     

WorldView-1影像RFM多项式平差模型及其精度分析

简要给出了WorldView-1卫星及传感器的有关性能参数,详细论述了可用于WorldView-1影像数据几何处理的多种RFM(Rational Function Model)多项式平差模型。然后,使用云南地区的WorldView-1影像数据进行了有关试验研究,分别采用九种零阶、一阶和二阶多项式平差模型,在像方改正RFM参数的系统误差。结果表明,当地面控制点在精度、数量与分布等方面质量较好时,各种模型精度基本一致,平面精度可达到1.6个像素(0.9m)左右。此外,本文重点研究了在控制点质量较低的情况下,各种RFM多项式平差模型的改正精度。发现随着控制质量的降低,二阶多项式和一阶多项式改正的精度有显著下降,但零阶多项式改正的精度基本稳定不变。因此,本文认为零阶多项式模型,即平移模型,是一种最简单、适应性最好、精度最高的用于处理WorldView-1影像数据的平差模型。     

高光谱数据反演大气水汽研究

利用Hyperion高光谱数据,基于MODTRAN辐射传输模型进行模拟,分析表明943nm和953nm波段分别对干燥和湿润大气最敏感,是反演水汽的合适通道。提出针对Hyperion数据DCIBR方法反演大气总水汽含量,可以推广到环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座超光谱数据的大气水汽反演。误差分析表明,大气散射作用以及地表反射率非线性变化,对DCIBR方法计算精度的影响比CIBR算法要小,大气模式引起的反演误差小于2%,通道的光谱特性是影响反演精度的重要因素。     

自然灾害应急预案形式化表示技术

自然灾害应急预案描述了应急响应事件处置的领域知识,是高效应急反应的基础.当前应急预案大多以非结构化文本形式存在,不利于应急决策者快速准确地获取应急处置知识,阻碍了信息技术在自然灾害应急管理中的应用.针对这一现状,对文本应急预案内容进行分析,结合应急组织协调联动过程,提出了一种基于本体的自然灾害应急预案形式化表示方法,并通过系统实现来说明本方法的有效性.     

Oracle 10g 影像库的设计及应用模式分析

采用对象-关系型数据库对海量的影像数据进行有效的管理, 是空间数据库技术在21 世纪新兴的应用领域。随着数据库存储技术的发展, 使得利用现代数据库技术组织和管理海量遥感影像数据已成为可能。研究了Oracle Spatial 10g 对影像数据的存储与管理的体系结构、数据模型, 对GeoRaster 对象的管理和应用模式进行了分析, 并对影像数据库访问中间件ETL 进行了简要的介绍。     

一种基于标准化人眼图像的视线估计算法

本文提出了一种基于标准化人眼图像的视线估计算法,能有效解决头部运动对视线估计的影响.本算法在一个红外摄像机和三个红外光源的条件下,利用三个光斑(光源在角膜表面的反射点)的图像信息,将人眼图像变换到标准化人眼图像.通过引入标准化人眼图像,使屏幕平面到标准化人眼图像平面的射影变换为定值,从而使标准化人眼图像的瞳孔中心和屏幕上的视点的变换关系为定值,由此解决了头部运动对视线估计的影响.实验结果验证了该算法在头部运动情况下的有效性.     

Simultaneously improving the electrical properties and long-term stability of ZnO varistor ceramics by reversely manipulating intrinsic point defects

Excellent electrical properties and the improved long-term stability of ZnO varistor ceramics were simultaneously achieved by doping NiO. The microstructural features were investigated using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, while the intrinsic point defects were characterized using frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy and verified by photoluminescence and Raman spectra. The results indicated that in the ZnO varistor ceramics, a reverse manipulation of donor point defects, i.e., suppressing mobile zinc interstitial but increasing stable oxygen vacancy, was achieved. The long-term stability of NiO-doped ZnO ceramics was improved via a decrease in zinc interstitial density, with a degradation rate of 0.064 μA cm^?2 h^?0.5. Meanwhile, due to an increase in oxygen vacancy density, the excellent nonlinear current–voltage performance, i.e., a high nonlinear coefficient (72.9), low leakage current density (0.08 μA cm^?2), and low grain resistivity (13.43 × 10^?3 Ω m), was maintained. The findings of this study provide a possible method for developing high-performance ZnO varistor ceramics by manipulating point defects.     

Internal flange stiffened moment connections with low-damage capability under seismic loading

This study presents the seismic performance of steel moment connections using internal flange stiffeners (IFSs) welded at the face of the wide-flange column and inner side of the beam flange. The objective is to develop a steel moment connection that can achieve good seismic performance with low-damage capability during a large earthquake loading and minimize the repair cost. Four large-scale moment connections were tested to validate the cyclic performance. One connection which represented a welded-unreinforced flange-bolted web connection failed before finishing cyclic tests at a drift of 4%. Three IFS moment connections showed excellent performance and low damage after experiencing the AISC seismic load twice up to the target drift of 4%, without strength reduction. The specimens were also modeled using the computer program ABAQUS to further verify the effectiveness of the IFS in transferring beam moment to the column and to investigate potential sources of connection failure.     

Spectral derivative feature coding for hyperspectral signature analysis

This paper presents a new approach to hyperspectral signature analysis, called spectral derivative feature coding (SDFC). It is derived from texture features used in texture classification to dictate gradient changes among adjacent bands in characterizing spectral variations so as to improve better spectral discrimination and classification. In order to evaluate its performance, two known binary coding methods, spectral analysis manager (SPAM) and spectral feature-based binary coding (SFBC) are used to conduct comparative analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SDFC performs more effectively in capturing spectral characteristics than do SPAM and SFBC.     

A microwave vegetation water index from passive microwave radiometer data

The vegetation water content (VWC) index has been widely used in agriculture, forestry and hydrology studies. It is also useful in retrieving soil moisture from microwave remote sensing observations. Space‐borne and airborne microwave radiometers have widespread utility in soil moisture and vegetation condition retrieval. To simplify the original retrieval algorithm, this paper developed a theoretical microwave vegetation water index (MVWI) from microwave radiometer data, which contains only VWC and a vegetation structure parameter. Based on the MVWI, an efficient VWC retrieval algorithm was developed.