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41.
42.
海胆酮是一种酮式类胡萝卜素,主要从海胆及藻类等海洋生物中提取。本文研究海胆酮对乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)的抑制作用,应用酶动力学、荧光光谱、圆二色光谱和分子对接技术研究海胆酮对AChE的抑制机理,并用淀粉样β蛋白片段25~35(amyloid beta-peptide 25-35,Aβ25-35)诱导大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞(PC12细胞)建立阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)模型,研究海胆酮对AD细胞模型氧化应激损伤的作用。结果表明,海胆酮有很强的AChE抑制活性,其半抑制质量浓度为(16.29±0.97)μg/mL,抑制常数Ki为3.82 μg/mL,表现为竞争性抑制;海胆酮可诱导AChE二级结构改变,更容易与AChE活性中心氨基酸Ser200、His440、Trp84和Tyr121结合,阻碍底物碘代硫代乙酰胆碱(acetylthiocholine iodide,ATCI)与酶结合,从而引起酶活力降低。海胆酮能有效抑制Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞的AChE活力,降低丙二醛含量,增加超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力,减轻Aβ25-35诱导的PC12细胞氧化应激损伤。本研究基于AChE和氧化应激阐明了海胆酮对AD的潜在作用机制,为海胆酮在功能食品、生物医药等领域的应用提供了数据支持和理论根据。 相似文献
43.
Colleen Varaidzo Manyumwa
zlem Tastan Bishop 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) have been identified as ideal catalysts for CO2 sequestration. Here, we report the sequence and structural analyses as well as the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of four γ-CAs from thermophilic bacteria. Three of these, Persephonella marina, Persephonella hydrogeniphila, and Thermosulfidibacter takaii originate from hydrothermal vents and one, Thermus thermophilus HB8, from hot springs. Protein sequences were retrieved and aligned with previously characterized γ-CAs, revealing differences in the catalytic pocket residues. Further analysis of the structures following homology modeling revealed a hydrophobic patch in the catalytic pocket, presumed important for CO2 binding. Monitoring of proton shuttling residue His69 (P. marina γ-CA numbering) during MD simulations of P. hydrogeniphila and P. marina’s γ-CAs (γ-PhCA and γ-PmCA), showed a different behavior to that observed in the γ-CA of Escherichia coli, which periodically coordinates Zn2+. This work also involved the search for hotspot residues that contribute to interface stability. Some of these residues were further identified as key in protein communication via betweenness centrality metric of dynamic residue network analysis. T. takaii’s γ-CA showed marginally lower thermostability compared to the other three γ-CA proteins with an increase in conformations visited at high temperatures being observed. Hydrogen bond analysis revealed important interactions, some unique and others common in all γ-CAs, which contribute to interface formation and thermostability. The seemingly thermostable γ-CA from T. thermophilus strangely showed increased unsynchronized residue motions at 423 K. γ-PhCA and γ-PmCA were, however, preliminarily considered suitable as prospective thermostable CO2 sequestration agents. 相似文献
44.
乙烯催化齐聚和芳构化是烯烃高值化和合成液体燃料的关键过程,采用NH3-TPD谱图分析计算方法得到的探针分子脱附活化能作为催化剂的酸位点强度分布的参数,结合线性自由能理论在Br?nsted方程中引入酸强度对反应的影响因子γ作为动力学方程参数关联探针分子脱附活化能与反应活化能,明确固体酸酸强度的基准在催化动力学方程中的物理意义。建立同为MFI拓扑结构 Si /Al摩尔比为12.5、19、25、60、70的ZSM-5分子筛催化剂上不同酸强度位和乙烯齐聚及芳构化中氢转移、齐聚、芳构化各单元步骤以及对应的烷烃、低碳烯烃和芳烃产物分布的定量关系。根据拟合得到动力学参数γ可以发现不同强度的酸位点对乙烯齐聚及芳构化具有不同的作用系数。氨脱附活化能(DAE)为90 kJ·mol-1的酸位点是氢转移反应的主要活性位点,而对于乙烯齐聚反应中主要的活性酸位点为DAE 90 kJ·mol-1和124 kJ·mol-1,DAE为150 kJ·mol-1的酸位点是芳构化反应的主要活性位点。 相似文献
45.
为了研究综采工作面巷道内瓦斯运移规律,摸清瓦斯流动的状态,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验相结合的方法,理论分析得到了工作面风流特性及瓦斯运移规律,数值模拟得到了瓦斯异常释放后工作面瓦斯浓度分布变化情况及工作面正常工作瓦斯浓度分布,然后进行现场试验,试验结果和数值模拟结果相似。研究为工作面瓦斯治理提供了技术支持。 相似文献
46.
Indoor surfaces may be adsorptive sinks with the potential to change Indoor Air Quality. To estimate this effect, the sorption parameters of formaldehyde and toluene were assessed on five floorings by an experimental method using solid-phase microextraction in an airtight emission cell. Adsorption rate constants ranged from 0.003 to 0.075 m·h−1, desorption rate constants from 0.019 to 0.51 h−1, and the partition coefficient from 0.005 to 3.9 m, and these parameters vary greatly from one volatile organic compound/material couple to another indicating contrasted sorption behaviors. A rubber was identified as a sink of formaldehyde characterized by a very low desorption constant close to 0. For these sorbent floorings identified, the adsorption rates of formaldehyde are from 2 to 4 times higher than those of toluene. Two models were used to evaluate the sink effects of floorings on indoor pollutant concentrations in one room from different realistic conditions. The scenarios tested came to the conclusion that the formaldehyde sorption on one rubber (identified as a sink) has a maximum contribution from 15% to 21% for the conditions of low air exchange rate. For other floorings, the sorption has a minor contribution less than or equal to 5%, regardless of the air exchange rate. 相似文献
47.
One specific class of non-linear evolution equations, known as the Tzitzéica-type equations, has received great attention from a group of researchers involved in non-linear science. In this article, new exact solutions of the Tzitzéica-type equations arising in non-linear optics, including the Tzitzéica, Dodd–Bullough–Mikhailov and Tzitzéica–Dodd–Bullough equations, are obtained using the expa function method. The integration technique actually suggests a useful and reliable method to extract new exact solutions of a wide range of non-linear evolution equations. 相似文献
48.
Polymer‐grafted inorganic particles (PGIPs) are attractive building blocks for numerous chemical and material applications. Surface‐initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI‐CRP) is the most feasible method to fabricate PGIPs. However, a conventional in‐batch reaction still suffers from several disadvantages, including time‐consuming purification processes, low grafting efficiency, and possible gelation problems. Herein, a facile method is demonstrated to synthesize block copolymer–grafted inorganic particles, that is, poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMEMA)‐b‐poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)–grafted silica micro‐particles using continuous flow chemistry in an environmentally friendly aqueous media. Immobilizing the chain transfer agent and subsequent SI‐CRP can be accomplished sequentially in a continuous flow system, avoiding multi‐step purification processes in between. The chain length (MW) of the grafted polymers is tunable by adjusting the flow time or monomer concentration, and the narrower molar mass dispersity (Ð < 1.4) of the grafted polymers reveals the uniform polymer chains on the particles. Moreover, compared with the in‐batch reaction at the same condition, the continuous system also suppresses possible gelation problems. 相似文献
49.
为了进一步提高回路热管仿真精度并丰富回路热管实验研究方法,本文对回路热管瞬态传质进行实验研究。使用高精度质量流量计分别对以丙酮、乙醇、丙烯为工质的回路热管进行不同负载功率下的质量流量测量研究。结果表明:启动阶段,热负载10W时,丙烯回路比丙酮回路热管启动快,且两者的温度稳定均滞后于质量流量;稳定阶段,随着热负载功率增大,不同工质的回路热管的平均质量流量均线性增长,而瞬态质量流量则持续波动,其质量流量波动幅度均呈现先减小后增大的趋势。质量流量波动幅度会受到气体工质的可压缩性与作用在毛细芯内部上的热量的共同影响。通过频谱分析发现,液相质量流量波动还会受到冷凝器两相区的影响。高热负载下,作用在毛细芯内部上的热量占主导地位,质量流量波动加剧,同时出现周期性大幅波动,且其波动频率随着热负载增大而增大。 相似文献