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Karin Yaccato Alfred Hagemeyer Andreas Lesik Anthony Volpe Henry Weinberg 《Topics in Catalysis》2004,(1):127-132
High-throughput synthesis and screening methods have been developed for the discovery of highly active lead compounds for the selective catalytic reduction as well as direct decomposition of NO in the temperature range 200–300 °C. The discovery libraries for primary screening consisted of 16 × 16 catalyst arrays on 4in. square quartz wafers. Catalysts were prepared by robotic liquid dispensing techniques and screened for catalytic activity in Symyx' scanning mass spectrometer. The scanning mass spectrometer is a fast serial screening tool that uses flat wafer catalyst surfaces, local laser heating, a scanning/sniffing nozzle and a quadrupolar mass spectrometer to compare relative catalytic activities. The feed consisted of NO/NH3 mixtures with optional O2 cofeed and Kr as the internal standard in Ar carrier gas. QMS detection allowed for tracking of H2O, N2, NO, O2, N2O and Kr. Screening protocols for catalytic materials encompassed metal precursors and carriers for supported vanadia systems, extensive doping of V2O5/TiO2, and broad screening of mixed redox metal oxides and supported base and noble metal systems. More than 500 samples could be screened in a single day. Active hits (high NO consumption accompanied by corresponding N2 production) identified in discovery libraries were re-synthesized as focus libraries for lead confirmation and further optimization. These libraries used shallower compositional gradients, for example 56 points (compositions) per ternary, with four 56-point ternaries per 4in. wafer. Broad screening ternaries were generally 8 or 15 points. The focus libraries more clearly reveal the trends and provide guidelines for secondary screening and scale-up. High conversions were achieved in scanning mass spectrometer so the scalability risk is small for the short contact time reactions. 相似文献
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柑桔木虱有效防治药剂田间筛选试验 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
控制柑桔木虱是黄龙病综合防治最重要的措施。田间药效试验结果表明,敌敌畏、乐果、辛硫磷、马拉硫磷、乙酰甲胺磷、阿维菌素、丁醚脲等对木虱成虫的防效低于80%,吡虫啉为86.6%;甲氰菊酯及与三唑磷、丙溴磷、水胺硫磷的混剂,高效氯氰菊酯及与毒死蜱的混剂的防效都在90.0%以上;啶虫脒对成、若虫的防效都较差,与柴油、吡虫啉混用有增效作用。 相似文献
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一种自抗扰控制器参数的学习算法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对自抗扰控制器(Automatic disturbance rejection controller,ADRC)参数多且耦合性强,参数难于被确定的问题,提出了一种ADRC参数的自动调整算法. 该算法以构造的控制性能函数为学习目标,根据参数对性能指标的影响,通过惩罚函数在线不断更新参数在有界区间内的概率密度分布,使得控制参数最优值的概率密度值最大. 通过开环不稳定系统算例和对工业机电驱动器单元(Industrial mechatronic drives unit,IMDU)的控制实验,仿真和实验结果证明了该算法的有效性. 相似文献
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Career visual searchers such as radiologists and airport security screeners strive to conduct accurate visual searches, but despite extensive training, errors still occur. A key difference between searches in radiology and airport security is the structure of the search task: Radiologists typically scan a certain number of medical images (fixed objective), and airport security screeners typically search X-rays for a specified time period (fixed duration). Might these structural differences affect accuracy? We compared performance on a search task administered either under constraints that approximated radiology or airport security. Some displays contained more than one target because the presence of multiple targets is an established source of errors for career searchers, and accuracy for additional targets tends to be especially sensitive to contextual conditions. Results indicate that participants searching within the fixed objective framework produced more multiple-target search errors; thus, adopting a fixed duration framework could improve accuracy for career searchers. 相似文献
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Aqueous photoresists that are capable of higher resolutions than are currently employed by the cathode ray tube (CRT) industry were developed by combining photoactivators, which activate at shorter UV wavelengths with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Two photoactivators were synthesized: 4,4′‐diazido‐2,2′‐biphenyl disodium disulfonate (DABP), which has a maximum absorbance at 264 nm, and 4,4′‐diazido‐2,2′‐biphenylethane disodium disulfonate (DABPE), which has a maximum absorbance at 258 nm. The PVP/DABP and PVP/DABPE photoresists successfully imaged a pattern with resolution as small as 4.4 μm with photoactivator concentrations greater than 20% of the PVP concentration. Addition of silane and emulgen greatly improved the performance of the photoresists with more uniform coatings of thicknesses of up to 1.4 μm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1637–1644, 2006 相似文献
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不同颜色体系的UV丝印油墨中光引发体系的选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
使用紫外-可见分光光度计测得了黄、蓝、橙、紫4种颜料的紫外吸收图谱;在模型化的丝印油墨配方中改变光引发剂的种类,运用指压法和指抠法研究了多种光引发剂对含有这4种颜料的UV油墨的引发速度的影响。结果表明不同颜色的颜料对紫外光的吸收区域和吸收强度是不同的。对于黄色油墨,907的引发效果最佳;对于蓝色油墨,907+ITX+EDAB和910+ITX+EDAB都具有很高的引发速度;而对于橙色油墨和紫色油墨,907+ITX+EDAB则是速度最高的引发剂组合。 相似文献