All‐Organic Dual Spin Valves with Well‐Resolved Four Resistive‐States

The formation of all‐organic dual spin valves (DSVs) with three organic spin‐selective layers, that is, spin‐injection, spin‐detection, and an additional spin‐filtering layer at the intermediate, is reported. As spin‐selective layers, manganese‐ and cobalt phthalocyanines, which are well‐known single‐molecule magnets, are used in their immobilized forms, so that all‐organic DSVs can be prefabricated for characterization. The three spin‐selective layers have provided four configurations with at most two spin‐flip interfaces enforcing spin‐flipping at the two nonmagnetic organic spacer layers, for which copper phthalocyanine is used. Since a couple of the four configurations have exhibited similar resistivities, the degeneracy in the resistive‐states is broken through asymmetric spin‐injection and spin‐detection layers and also through asymmetric thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer layers. When both the spin‐flip interfaces are made operative independently, a 2‐bit logic with four distinct resistive states can be achieved.     

酶的固载技术及纳米电化学酶生物传感器的研究进展

该文较详细地阐述了酶的固定化方法和各自的优缺点,以及综述了近年来各种类型的纳米材料在电化学酶生物传感器中的应用,并对今后的工作进行了展望.     

固定化细胞好氧降解有机废水过程的分析

从生化反应动力学的角度，用正交试验的方法，对固定化细胞降解有机废水的过程进行了分析和研究。探讨了有关因素对有机废水降解速率的影响规律。建立了有机废水降解过程的生化反应动力学方程。据此确定了最佳的降解条件。通过实验认为，溶解氧量是影响好氧降解有机废水速率的主要因素。     

磁性壳聚糖表面离子液体固定化及其对丙烯酰胺吸附性能研究

以Fe3O4作为磁性纳米粒子,悬浮交联法制备磁性壳聚糖微球;以戊二醛作为交联剂在磁性壳聚糖微球表面固定离子液体;利用紫外分光光度法研究磁性壳聚糖固定化离子液体对丙烯酰胺的吸附性能.吸附动力学实验表明：2 h吸附容量为1.45 mg/g,3 h吸附基本达到平衡.结果显示：制备的磁性壳聚糖固定化离子液体对丙烯酰胺具有良好的吸附性能.     

磁性固定化纤维素酶的交联法制备及其磁致酶学性质

以磁性壳聚糖微球为载体,采用交联法制备磁性固定化纤维素酶.分别研究了活化剂乙基[3-(二甲胺基)丙基]碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)与戊二醛的活化时间及活化温度对酶固载量的影响.比较磁性固定化纤维素酶与游离纤维素酶在外加磁场作用下,其酶活力的变化.结果表明,磁性固定化纤维素酶的酶活受磁场作用影响较小;当磁场强度<500 mT与曝磁时间<60 min时,游离纤维素酶的酶活随着磁场强度与曝磁时间的增加而增加,但超过这范围,酶活就急速下降.     

高级氧化技术在水处理中的研究进展

利用高级氧化法处理工业废水是当前国内外水处理领域的研究热点.在综述近年来国内外高级氧化技术在水处理中的研究及其应用概况的基础上,对该技术在水处理中的应用前景进行了展望.     

固定化细胞在三相流化床中发酵生产木糖醇

为了建立一种成本低、产率高、能连续高效地生产木糖醇的新工艺,研究了固定化假丝酵母(Candida sp.)细胞在三相流化床内分批发酵玉米芯半纤维素水解液生产木糖醇这一工艺过程.适宜的工艺条件为:32℃,起始木糖质量浓度100g/L,固定化细胞与发酵培养基体积比1:3.8,分段通气:0～24 h,0.5 L/min;24～80 h,0.175 L/min.利用固定化细胞重复进行6批发酵,木糖醇得率平均为63.5%.玉米芯半纤维素水解液未经脱色以及离子交换等脱毒处理便可直接有效地转化成木糖醇;三相流化床生物反应器动力消耗少、流化状态稳定均匀.该方法大大降低了原料预处理的成本,发酵结果较好.     

胆碱酯酶保藏方法的筛选及固定化研究

目的:对胆碱酯酶进行保藏研究,以期得到最佳的酶活力。方法:以小麦酯酶为实验材料,采取冷藏、冷冻和酶的固定化的措施,添加不同种类和不同比例的防腐剂,采用不同的包装材料进行比较研究。结果:能够保持胆碱酯酶的酶活力方法是:设定保藏温度为-20℃,添加0.1%硫柳汞采用塑料瓶包装储藏,这样可以很好地保持酶液的酶活力。结论:采用低温冷冻保藏胆碱酯酶并且添加一定剂量的防腐剂可以很好的保持胆碱酯酶酶活力。     

Physico-chemical concept of drag reduction nature in dilute polymer solutions (the Toms effect)

The physicochemical concept of turbulent drag reduction (the Toms effect) integrates physicochemical characteristics of polymer solutions with hydrodynamic and rheological flow parameters into a generalized equation, where the increment in volumetric flow rate Q_P is a function of the external shear stress τ_w, temperature, volume of macromolecular coils with immobilized solvent V_c and a function of their volume fraction Ψ = C · [η]/(1 + C · [η]). The Q_P depends on the coil intrinsic elasticity [G] = kT/V_c as well. This model allows one: (1) to describe the Toms effect in terms of useful elastic work spent by macromolecular coils with immobilized solvent to overcome the frictional forces (i.e. the forces of intermolecular interactions), (2) to forecast the initial conditions of the Toms effect (τ_* ≈ (RT)/(M · [η])) and (3) to explain the unusual temperature dependence of the polymer solutions flow.