全文获取类型
收费全文 | 391465篇 |
免费 | 38413篇 |
国内免费 | 26788篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 29148篇 |
技术理论 | 61篇 |
综合类 | 53515篇 |
化学工业 | 38665篇 |
金属工艺 | 14027篇 |
机械仪表 | 25306篇 |
建筑科学 | 49309篇 |
矿业工程 | 18975篇 |
能源动力 | 14136篇 |
轻工业 | 17907篇 |
水利工程 | 21188篇 |
石油天然气 | 17788篇 |
武器工业 | 5447篇 |
无线电 | 27420篇 |
一般工业技术 | 29580篇 |
冶金工业 | 19434篇 |
原子能技术 | 3837篇 |
自动化技术 | 70923篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1080篇 |
2023年 | 4323篇 |
2022年 | 8372篇 |
2021年 | 10324篇 |
2020年 | 10948篇 |
2019年 | 9283篇 |
2018年 | 8654篇 |
2017年 | 10660篇 |
2016年 | 12661篇 |
2015年 | 13933篇 |
2014年 | 22749篇 |
2013年 | 21759篇 |
2012年 | 27222篇 |
2011年 | 29166篇 |
2010年 | 22935篇 |
2009年 | 23826篇 |
2008年 | 22860篇 |
2007年 | 28469篇 |
2006年 | 26205篇 |
2005年 | 22847篇 |
2004年 | 19117篇 |
2003年 | 17089篇 |
2002年 | 13836篇 |
2001年 | 11662篇 |
2000年 | 9894篇 |
1999年 | 7922篇 |
1998年 | 6167篇 |
1997年 | 5358篇 |
1996年 | 4922篇 |
1995年 | 4225篇 |
1994年 | 3673篇 |
1993年 | 2713篇 |
1992年 | 2328篇 |
1991年 | 1755篇 |
1990年 | 1497篇 |
1989年 | 1301篇 |
1988年 | 982篇 |
1987年 | 660篇 |
1986年 | 506篇 |
1985年 | 439篇 |
1984年 | 431篇 |
1983年 | 285篇 |
1982年 | 275篇 |
1981年 | 196篇 |
1980年 | 171篇 |
1979年 | 157篇 |
1978年 | 76篇 |
1977年 | 78篇 |
1976年 | 58篇 |
1975年 | 58篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Felipe A. Perdomo Siti H. Khalit Claire S. Adjiman Amparo Galindo George Jackson 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(3):e17194
The SAFT-γ Mie group-contribution equation of state is used to represent the fluid-phase behavior of aqueous solutions of a variety of linear, branched, and cyclic amines. New group interactions are developed in order to model the mixtures of interest, including the like and unlike interactions between alkyl primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups (NH2, NH, N), cyclic secondary and tertiary amine groups (cNH, cN), and cyclic methine-amine groups (cCHNH, cCHN) with water (H2O). The group-interaction parameters are estimated from appropriate experimental thermodynamic data for pure amines and selected mixtures. By taking advantage of the group-contribution nature of the method, one can describe the fluid-phase behavior of mixtures of molecules comprising those groups over broad ranges of temperature, pressure, and composition. A number of aqueous solutions of amines are studied including linear, branched aliphatic, and cyclic amines. Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) bounded by lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) have been reported experimentally and are reproduced here with the SAFT-γ Mie approach. The main feature of the approach is the ability not only to represent accurately the experimental data employed in the parameter estimation, but also to predict the vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria, and LCSTs with the same set of parameters. Pure compound and binary phase diagrams of diverse types of amines and their aqueous solutions are assessed in order to demonstrate the main features of the thermodynamic and fluid-phase behavior. 相似文献
42.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(1):495-502
Preparation and growth mechanism of anodization of Ti and Al has been widely concerned for two decades, but the research on anodic ZrO2 is relatively lacking. In this paper, anodic TiO2 and ZrO2 nanotubes were prepared in glycerol electrolyte containing 0.35 M NH4F and 4 vol% H2O under different anodizing voltages. We had successfully prepared the anodic ZrO2 nanotubes (AZNTs) with a complete top and a “bulb” at the bottom under 60 V, and with the increase of the applied anodizing voltage, the “bulb” cavity also increased. However, under the same anodizing conditions, the surface of anodic TiO2 nanotubes (ATNTs) is a cluster of nano-tip morphology, and the bottom of the ATNTs is a conventional hemisphere shape. In addition, both AZNTs and porous anodic zirconia (PAZ) were found to coexist in the anodic ZrO2 layer prepared at 60 V. Here, we used the oxygen bubble model and ionic current and electronic current theories to analyze the reason of the special morphology. It is confirmed that the porous anodic oxides are actually evolved from nanotubes. In other words, the structure is essentially the same. 相似文献
43.
为缓解我国水、能源和粮食资源紧张问题,促进资源可持续利用,构建水-能源-粮食系统,利用耦合协调度模型对我国的30个省(自治区、直辖市)进行测算,并利用空间杜宾模型分析主要影响因素。结果表明:2003—2017年,我国能源、粮食评价[JP]指数高于水资源评价指数,系统综合评价指数逐年递增;大部分省份耦合协调度处于初级协调水平且呈现逐年上升的态势,个别省份耦合协调度濒临失调;耦合协调度空间自相关性较强,虽有明显波动,但是呈现逐年加强的态势;影响耦合协调度的主要因素有从业人口数、固定资产投资额、人均生产总值、人口总数、[JP]文盲人口占比、工业污染排放、城镇化。 相似文献
44.
45.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(6):103628
The charge sources, as well as the charging mechanism of the contact electrification (CE) of polymers, are still debatable. Since CE is accompanied by destruction, it is considered that “hard contacting” via ball milling can induce covalent bond scission and produce naked-activated-charge sources. Regarding “soft contacting” via nano-scale sliding, which does not induce covalent bond scission, a frontier-electron, “f-electron,” of the naked-activated-charge source is crucial to electron transfer among the naked-activated-charge sources. Here, we configure naked-activated-charge-source models, naked-activated-mechano-anion, and naked-activated-mechano-cation, which are produced by mechanical energy induced heterogeneous covalent bond scission, as well as naked-activated-mechano-radicals that are produced by homogeneous covalent bond scission. Regarding “soft contacting” among naked-activated-charge sources in a vacuum, f-electron can be transferred from a donor to an acceptor if the energy level of the donor is higher than that of the acceptor. The net amount of the normalized transferred-f-electrons is obtained by adopting settings in which the average energy level of the naked-activated-charge sources (as the donors) is higher than that of the sources employed as acceptors. Thus, the surfaces comprising the donors and acceptors will exhibit positive and negative net surface charges, respectively. We conclude that net surface charges depend on the average energy level of naked-activated-charge sources. Further, we observe that the alignment of polyethylene (PE)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to the average energy level is identical to that of the triboelectric series. 相似文献
46.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(8):103637
With excellent micromixing characteristic of rotating packed bed (RPB), many nanoparticles with small average size, narrower distribution and good morphology had been successfully and continuously prepared. To reveal complex crystal process, an empirical model were developed to simulate nano-ZnO by considering mass changed, population balance equation, growth rate G, nucleation rate B, drop sizes Di, and resident time t. The predicted particle sizes were shown good agreement with experimental data with error of ±10%. Therefore, it was further adopted to predict the effects of rotating speed, liquid flow rate and reactant concentration on the mean particle size. To look more deeply insight in this process, their contribution ratios were further analyzed. The proposed empirical models were of great helpful to obtain suitable operation conditions for preparing much better properties of nanoparticles with fewer experiments. It was also beneficial to produce other nanoparticles in RPB. 相似文献
47.
48.
Against the background of smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0, how to achieve real-time scheduling has become a problem to be solved. In this regard, automatic design for shop scheduling based on hyper-heuristics has been widely studied, and a number of reviews and scheduling algorithms have been presented. Few studies, however, have specifically discussed the technical points involved in algorithm development. This study, therefore, constructs a general framework for automatic design for shop scheduling strategies based on hyper-heuristics, and various state-of-the-art technical points in the development process are summarized. First, we summarize the existing types of shop scheduling strategies and classify them using a new classification method. Second, we summarize an automatic design algorithm for shop scheduling. Then, we investigate surrogate-assisted methods that are popular in the current algorithm field. Finally, current problems and challenges are discussed, and potential directions for future research are proposed. 相似文献
49.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(57):24242-24253
As hydrogen refueling stations become increasingly common, it is clear that a high level of economic efficiency and safety is crucial to promoting their use. One way to reduce costs is to use a simple orifice instead of an excess flow valve, which Japanese safety regulations have identified as a safety device. However, there is concern about its effect on refueling time and on risk due to hydrogen leakage. To clarify the effect, we did a study of model-based refueling time evaluation and quantitative risk assessment for a typical refueling station. This study showed that an orifice is an effective alternative safety device. The increase in refueling time was less than 10%, based on simulations using a dynamic physical model of the station. Neither was there a significant difference in the risk between a configuration with excess flow valves and one with an orifice. 相似文献
50.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(62):25880-25898
Hydrogen as an energy carrier can play a significant role in reducing environmental emissions if it is produced from renewable energy resources. This research aims to assess hydrogen production from wind energy considering environmental, economic, and technical aspect for the East Azerbaijan province of Iran. The economic assessment is performed by calculation of payback period, levelized cost of hydrogen, and levelized cost of electricity. Since uncertainty in the power output of wind turbines may affect the payback period, all calculations are performed for four different turbine degradation rates. While it is common in the literature to choose the wind turbine based on a single criterion, this study implements Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques for this purpose. The results of Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis illustrates that economic issue is the most important criterion for this research. The results of Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment shows that Vestas V52 is the most suitable wind turbine for Ahar and Sarab cities, while Eovent EVA120 H-Darrieus is a better choice for other stations. The most suitable location for wind power generation is found to be Ahar, where it is estimated to annually generate 2914.8 kWh of electricity at the price of 0.045 $/kWh, and 47.2 tons of hydrogen at the price of 1.38 $/kg, which result in 583 tons of CO2 emission reduction. 相似文献