无添加剂体系中电解铜箔的多步粗化

采用无添加剂的铜盐–硫酸体系对电解铜箔进行多步粗化,一方面能保证铜箔具有较高的抗剥强度,另一方面能防止表面铜颗粒脱落。研究了电流密度、电解液铜含量、硫酸含量、温度等因素对粗化效果的影响。结果表明,电流密度是粗化的主要影响因素,通过调节电流密度可同时达到粗化和固化效果。最佳粗化工艺条件为:Cu2+30 g/L,H2SO4 110~150 g/L,温度35°C,前3步粗化电流密度270 A/dm2,后8步粗化电流密度40 A/dm2,总时间17~30 s。采用该工艺处理电解铜箔,所得粗化层表面无铜粉脱落,粗糙度大于8.40μm,抗剥强度大于2.10 N/mm,满足厂家要求。     

Quantitative analysis of orange peel during tension of 6063 alloy spun tubes

Severe surface roughening during plastic deforming of aluminum alloy parts can produce “orange peel” defects. To analyze “orange peel” of 6063 aluminum alloy tube quantificationally, the tensile tests of trapezoidal specimens were carried out. The tubes with different grain sizes were obtained by spinning and subsequent annealing heat treatment. The macroscopical behavior of surface roughening was characterized by surface roughness R_a using a laser scanning confocal microscope. The corresponding microscopic behavior was reflected by microstructures of specimens and in-situ observation using electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD). The obtained results show that the surface roughness increased firstly with increasing strain and then decreased slightly. There was a critical strain for aluminum alloy tube, below which “orange peel” defect would not occur. For the tube with a mean grain size of 80, 105, 130 and 175 μm, the critical strains were 10.17%, 5.74%, 3.15% and 1.62%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surface roughening behavior was produced by serious inhomogeneous deformation between grains as strain increased, and was aggravated as the grain size increased due to the larger local deformation in larger grains.     

NaH-DMSO对Kevlar纤维表面处理的影响

采用化学镀工艺制备阻燃型导电纤维,为提高金属镀层与纤维基材的结合力,自制金属化试剂对Kevlar纤维进行表面粗化处理。利用分析天平、万能强力机、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对粗化前后的Kevlar纤维进行分析和表征。结果表明:经粗化处理后,Kevlar纤维表面呈现凹凸不平的粗糙表面,有大量的微坑和凹槽,能够增大纤维与镀层间的接触面积,纤维断裂强力降低;当处理温度为30℃、粗化时间为10 min时,粗化效果较好,纤维本体强度损失为6.6%;纤维表面极性基团含量增加,表面活性增强,从而改善了Kevlar纤维与金属镀层间的结合力和黏结性。     

不同表面处理对氧化锆与饰面瓷结合强度的影响

目的 探究热酸蚀表面处理对提高双层瓷复合结构剪切强度的影响.方法 将40个氧化锆样件随机分为4组,A组为喷砂组,B组为热酸蚀组,C组为喷砂+热酸蚀组,D组为空白对照组.4组氧化锆瓷块经不同方式表面处理后,各组随机抽取一块,采用SEM扫描电镜、EDS能谱仪、X射线衍射仪分析观察氧化锆与饰面瓷的结合情况;使用电子万能试验机记录瞬时剪切力,利用压强计算公式求得剪切强度值;采用SPSS 20.0对数据进行统计学分析,检验水准为α=0.05.结果 热酸蚀组的处理表面形成含大量孔隙的三维网状结构,表面粗糙度(Ra=0.489μm)较对照组(0.316μm)提高了54.75％,断裂模式以内聚断裂为主且饰面瓷残留比例最高,单斜相氧化锆的相变比例为12.57％,低于其余2组实验组,剪切强度值((25.43±1.57)MPa)为4组中最大,较打磨对照组提高了66.86％(P<0.05).喷砂+热酸蚀组的表面粗糙度Ra=0.634μm,为4组中最大,处理表面呈现明显的山脊和凹坑,表面完整性存在一定缺失.喷砂组的粘接面有明显的Al2O3颗粒残留,表面粗糙度(Ra=0.521μm)较热酸蚀组提高了6.54％,两者的组间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05).打磨对照组的表面粗糙度和剪切强度均明显低于其余3组(P<0.05).结论 热酸蚀表面处理造成的粘接面晶相转变和微裂纹最少,可有效提高锆瓷-饰瓷双层结构的粘接强度,适宜作为氧化锆表面处理方式.     

硫酸双氧水型超粗化剂BTH-2066的开发及在精细线路图形制作中的应用

介绍了新一代H2SO4/H2O2体系超粗化剂BTH-2066的工作原理、工艺及其在精细线路图形制作中的应用。BTH-2066超粗化处理过的铜表面成均匀的蜂窝状,显著地增大了铜箔表面积,为干膜、湿膜有着良好的粘合力提供了强有力保证。传统的H2SO4/H2O2体系化学清洗只对铜面有初步的清洁作用,铜面呈现半光亮或光亮状,铜面微观粗糙度低,对于3mil/3mil及以下的精细线路,很容易因粘附力不足而产生线路图形的缺陷,影响做板良率。BTH-2066超粗化具有稳定可控的微蚀速率,极佳的超粗化微蚀面,彻底地解决了铜面与干膜、湿膜之间机械粘合力的问题,可降低线路不良比率,增加细线路制作能力。BTH-2066超粗化是高精密线路制作化学前处理的首选工艺。     

表面粗化提高倒装AlGaInP发光二极管的光提取效率

对发光二极管进行表面粗化能够大幅度的提高其光提取效率。利用晶片键合技术并采用湿法刻蚀的办法粗化n面AlGaInP表面制作了一种带表面粗化的倒装薄膜发光二极管。刻蚀后的表面形貌呈现金字塔状。270μm x 270μm管芯裸装在TO-18金属管座上,在20mA的注入电流下,粗化了的LED-I光强达到了315mcd,输出光功率达到了4.622mW,比没有粗化的LED-II的光功率高1.7倍。光功率增加的原因在于粗化后形成的这种金字塔状表面,其不但减少了背部镜面系统和半导体-空气接触面的反射,而且能有效的将光从LED中散射出去。     

Improved light extraction of wafer-bonded AlGalnP LEDs by surface roughening

By using the wafer bonding technique and wet etching process,a wafer bonded thin film AlGaInP LED with wet etched n-AlGaInP surfaces was fabricated.The morphology of the etched surface exhibits a pyramid-like feature.The wafer was cut into 270×270μm~2 chips and then packaged into TO-18 without epoxy resin.With 20-mA current injection,the light intensity and output power of LED-Ⅰwith surface roughening respectively reach 315 mcd and 4.622 mW,which was 1.7 times higher than that of LED-Ⅱwithout surface rou...     

一种评价涂布过程中纸张粗化程度的新方法

采用特殊处理后的打印机润湿纸张,通过调整打印图片的灰度准确控制纸张的润湿量.之后用光学轮廓仪和探针台阶仪测定了纸张遇水前后的表面均方根粗糙度(Rq)变化,并对Rq值进行了带通滤波分析.结果显示,1.28～2.56 mm的纤维组分是造成含高得率浆纸张粗化的主要原因.以最大熵原则作为阈值的选取标准测定了二值化后的纸张涂层覆盖率.结果表明,依照此原则进行二值化可以较真实地反应涂层的覆盖情况,测定的涂层覆盖率结果可间接反映纸张的遇水粗化程度.     

Characterization of the Surface Structure and Composition of Stainless Steel 316 L after Electrochemical Roughening

The changes in morphology, structure and chemical composition of the surface of stainless steel 316 L roughened by an electrochemical treatment have been studied by means of profilometry, SEM and XPS methods. The steel was subjected to a two-stage electrochemical anodic treatment based on the use of electrolytes containing an organic acid and a mixture of inorganic acids, respectively. The anodic treatment caused an essential change in surface morphology and structure, this resulting in an increase of the averaged surface depth R_z from 0.28 to 2.58 μm. XPS depth profiling has shown that the iron and nickel concentrations in the surface layer of the roughened steel are slightly reduced.     

钢的高温性能和模具的失效分析

本文简要介绍了新型热作模具钢(HD)的高温性能,这种钢的高温强度和热疲劳热磨损抗力优于3Cr2W8V钢,对其原因进行了适当的分析。同时,对铜管热挤压底模进行了失效分析和硬度检验、表层组织分析以及热疲劳热磨损形貌观察,结果表明模具的变形和拉毛失效均与模具材料的高温强度、组织稳定性以及均匀性密切相关,从而说明了HD钢模具使用寿命高的机制。