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Selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by propane over vanadia-titania aerogels 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An investigation has been carried out of the effect of vanadia loading on the activity and selectivity ofV2O5TiO2 aerogel catalysts, prepared by a two-step procedure, for the reduction of NO by propane. The structure of catalysts have been characterized by laser Raman spectroscopy and XRD measurements. At vanadia loading levels below ca. 4.4 wt%, the vanadia is present in the form of coordinated polymeric species, whereas crystallites of V2O5 are formed at higher vanadia contents. At this critical level of 4.4 wt% V2O5, the kinetic measurements showed also a maximum in the activity per mass of catalyst which very likely indicated that the coordinated polymeric surface species are more active than crystalline V2O5. The selectivity towards the formation of dinitrogen decreased as the loading increased, presumably because of the formation of larger polymeric species and V2O5 crystallites, below and above the critical loading level, respectively. For the reduction of NO by propane, titania supported vanadia aerogel catalysts are significantly more active, per mass of catalyst, and more selective towards N2 formation than conventionalV2O5TiO2 and V2O5Al2O3 aerogel catalysts, at vanadia loading levels below ca. 11 wt%. 相似文献
23.
以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,NaOH为矿化剂,采用水热法制备了形貌规则的单晶Bi4Ti3O12纳米片。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,所合成的产物为正交相层状钙钛矿结构的Bi4Ti3O12。场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)研究显示:样品是由大量边缘尺寸接近200nm,厚度约为15nm的片状结构组成。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究产物的化学组分和价态分布。室温拉曼光谱研究表明,Bi4Ti3O12纳米片的声子寿命和热稳定性低于相应的块体材料。 相似文献
24.
Herbert S. Bennett 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2007,112(4):209-221
In this paper, we present the theory for calculating Raman line shapes as functions of the Fermi energy and finite temperatures in zinc blende, n-type GaAs for donor densities between 1016 cm−3 and 1019 cm−3. Compared to other theories, this theory is unique in two respects: 1) the many-body effects are treated self-consistently and 2) the theory is valid at room temperature for arbitrary values of the ratio R = (Q2/α), where Q is the magnitude of the normalized wave vector and α is the normalized frequency used in the Raman measurements. These calculations solve the charge neutrality equation self-consistently for a two-band model of GaAs at 300 K that includes the effects of high carrier concentrations and dopant densities on the perturbed densities of states used to calculate the Fermi energy as a function of temperature. The results are then applied to obtain the carrier concentrations from Fermi energies in the context of line shapes in Raman spectra due to the coupling between longitudinal optical phonons and plasmons. Raman measurements have been proposed as a non-destructive method for wafer acceptance tests of carrier density in semiconductor epilayers. The interpretation of Raman spectra to determine the majority electron density in n-type semiconductors requires an interdisciplinary effort involving experiments, theory, and computer-based simulations and visualizations of the theoretical calculations. 相似文献
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26.
源气体流量比对F-DLC薄膜结构的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
以高纯石墨作靶,CHF3/Ar作源气体采用反应磁控溅射法制备出了氟化类金刚石(F-DLC)薄膜。拉曼光谱表明,CHF3相对流量的增加会引起薄膜的D峰与G峰强度之比I(D)/I(G)减小,晶粒增大,芳香环结构出例下降。红外吸收光谱分析证实了这些推论,指出这是由于薄膜中氟含量上升的结果。 相似文献
27.
单壁碳纳米管的制备及生长特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用Fe/MgO作为催化剂 ,催化裂解CH4制备了较纯的单壁碳纳米管 ,用TEM和Raman对碳纳米管进行了表征 ,对不同生长温度下制备的碳纳米管Raman径向呼吸振动峰 (RBM)进行了分析 ,研究了生长温度对单壁碳纳米管生长特性和结构特性的影响 相似文献
28.
The reactivity of lithium with layered chalcogenides InSe and In2Se3 is studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electrochemical potential spectroscopy (EPS) and Raman scattering (RS). It is found that for x(Li)≥0.1 in LixInSe, the host material decomposes with the formation of lithium selenide. The presence of Li2Se is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The insertion of Li into In2Se3 appears more stable with the occurrence of a superlattice formation at x(Li)≈0.25. The superstructure corresponding to the 2a×2a lattice is consistent with the EPS measurements of LixIn2Se3. 相似文献
29.
固体中光声拉曼效应的理论分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
从非线性波动方程出发,运用准平衡模型以及热弹理论,对固体样品中光声拉曼效应进行理论分析,导出了脉冲激光泵浦下光声拉曼信号的解析表达式,并总结分析了固体中光声拉曼效应的一些原理特性、实验问题和应用价值。 相似文献
30.
Different material-doped Raman fiber lasers with very high efficiency operating in continuous-wave are presented.With 1 W Nd∶YVO 4 laser pumping at wavelength of 1 342 nm, single mode output power of above 500 mW (optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 50%) is simulated in the range of 1 400-1 500 nm.Using high-germanium,high-phosphate and high-borate silicate fibers as the gain medium,laser output at wavelengths of 1 420,1 450,1 480 and 1 495 nm can be achieved with different geometries,which are just as pumping C-band and L-band distributed Raman fiber amplifiers. 相似文献