Studies on grafting of acrylic acid onto polypropylene melt‐blown nonwovens induced by electron‐beam preirradiation

We report the graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto the polypropylene (PP) melt‐blown nonwovens induced by electron beam (EB) preirradiation in this article. The occurrence of the graft copolymerization was confirmed by means of XPS, FTIR, and SEM. The effects of preirradiation dose, monomer concentration, bath ratio, reaction time, and temperature on the graft ratio were investigated. The water conservation, water absorption rate, and K⁺ exchange capacity were also determined on the grafted PP melt‐blown nonwovens, which showed that EB preirradiation‐induced grafting was an effective way to improve the hydrophicility of PP melt‐blown nonwovens. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4971–4977, 2006     

聚丙烯40年

回顾了４０年来聚丙烯的发展，指出近１０年来开发研究的重点已从重视催化剂和聚合工艺转向重视开发高性能产品。     

加入助剂的马来酸酐熔融接枝聚丙烯研究

用双螺杆挤出机研究了马来酸酐 (MAH)对聚丙烯 (PP)的自由基熔融接枝。采用正交试验优化了熔融接枝条件 ,系统研究了引发剂过氧化二异丙苯 (DCP)、单体MAH、助剂ABX用量对马来酸酐接枝率的影响 ,并对其影响因素作了分析。研究表明ABX助剂能降低PP降解 ,同时也提高了马来酸酐的接枝率。确定了较佳的原料配比为m(PP)∶m(MAH)∶m(DCP)∶m(ABX)=1 0 0∶4∶0 4∶0 35。     

聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐的反应挤出研究

研究了聚乙烯（PE），聚丙烯（PP）接枝马来酸酐（MAH）的反应挤出，进行了反应体系的热分析，讨论了引发剂过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）和PE／DCP和PP／DCP体系的影响，以及DCP、MAH和电子给予体（EDA）和LDPE／DCP／MAH和PP／DCP／MAH两种接枝体系的影响。     

真空镀铝CPP薄膜的生产和应用

简要论述了真空镀铝流延聚丙烯(CPP)膜的生产工艺及其在包装上的应用。     

弹性体/纳米CaCO3改性聚丙烯复合材料的研究

通过研究EPDM、POE和纳米CaCO3改性聚丙烯的复合体系，讨论了弹性体和纳米CaCO3对复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明，弹性体的加入使体系的冲击强度有很大提高，拉伸强度和弯曲强度明显下降；当再添加8份左右的纳米CaCO3时，复合体系的拉伸强度和弯曲强度都得到较大改善。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察，进一步验证了纳米CaCO3的补强作用。     

β晶型成核剂对PP结晶行为的影响

制备了β晶型聚丙烯(β-PP),利用广角X射线衍射仪与偏光显微镜表征了球晶形态,研究了其非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziorny法、莫志深法和Kissinger法对所得数据进行处理。结果表明,添加β晶型成核剂后,PP由α晶型向β晶型转变,起始结晶温度明显提高,总结晶时间缩短,结晶活化能降低。β-PP的Avrami指数在1．69～1．89,小于PP,表明β晶型成核剂的加入改变了PP的成核机理及生长方式。     

辐照改性聚丙烯拉伸流变行为及其挤出发泡的研究

通过在线形聚丙烯中加入双官能团丙烯酸酯类单体,经小剂量γ射线高能辐照,制备了高熔体强度聚丙烯,研究了其拉伸流变行为及其在挤出发泡方面的应用。Rheotens拉伸流变测试表明,辐照改性后由于形成了长支化分子结构,聚丙烯的熔体强度、拉伸黏度显著提高,具有明显的应变硬化特征。实验表明,ZnO可明显降低AC发泡剂分解温度,缓和分解放热;在辐照改性制备的高熔体强度聚丙烯中加入AC／ZnO复合发泡剂,可挤出发泡得到泡孔尺寸较为均一、分布均匀、具有闭孔结构的发泡材料。     

Novel stabilization system for polypropylene via the Ziegler–Natta catalyzed polymerization in the presence of aluminum aryloxide

The aluminum aryloxide was prepared via the reaction of phenolic antioxidant, 3‐(3,5‐di‐t‐butyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐N‐octadecylpropionamide, with triethyl aluminum. Propylene polymerization using supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst systems was carried out in the presence of the antioxidant or its aluminum aryloxide. Although the antioxidant gave rise to decrease in catalyst yield and change in hydrogen response, the aluminum aryloxide had no influence on the catalytic polymerization behavior, and thus the obtained polymer characteristics such as molecular weight, polydispersity, and meso pentad as a stereoregularity were comparable to that polymerized without the antioxidant and the aluminum aryloxide. Polypropylene obtained in the presence of the aluminum aryloxide was well stabilized for oxidation and its stability was over 1000 h at 100°C (estimated to be over 30 years at room temperature). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1350–1358, 2006     

一步法多单体反应挤出PP/PA6增容体系研究

采用一步法将接枝单体马来酸酐(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)与聚丙烯(PP)、尼龙6(PA6)、乙烯辛烯共聚物(POE)等混匀后在双螺杆挤出机中就地反应增容，详细地讨论了MAH／St／DCP用量和PA6含量对共混体系拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响；通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析了MAH／St／DCP用量及PA6含量对共混物的亚微形态、相界面的影响；通过红外光谱(FTIR)的结果分析对PP／PA6共混物增容反应机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明：一步法添加MAH／St／DCP引起PP／PA6共混体系发生了酰亚胺化反应，生成了Pp—(St—MAH)—PA6接枝共聚物有很好的增容作用；PA6与基体PP的界面非常模糊，分散相的颗粒也变得均匀细小，约0．5μm，大大改善了两相之间的粘结；从而使得PP／PA6共混体系的力学性能有了较大的提高，PA6质量分数在20％，MAH／St／DCP添加1～4份时效果最佳，缺口冲击强度提高2倍左右，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、无缺口冲击强度也有明显改善。