堤防设计中的非稳定渗流计算

江河堤防必须考虑河水涨落的非稳定渗流来设计最经济可靠的渗控措施，本文按照河水洪峰在堤身内引起的浸湿(润)线前锋推进图案，引导出任何洪峰过程中堤身内浸湿距离的计算公式，包括不透水和透水堤基以及有防渗措施的堤基。计算公式与河堤渗透试验和数值计算结果互相对比是一致的。对于特殊情况，正弦曲线的典型洪峰，也给出了简便的浸湿距离计算公式。同时还给出了考虑非饱和土的吸力作用的计算公式以及在洪峰过程中堤后渗水量计算公式。     

干湿交替过程对黄土高原几种主要土壤钾有效性的影响

室内模拟试验研究不同温度条件下干湿交替对黄土高原区四种土壤有效钾的影响,结果表明:(1)土壤钾有效性受干湿交替过程影响较大,干湿交替次数与有效钾含量间具有y=a blogx函数关系;(2)温度升高,增强了干湿交替的剧烈程度,提高土壤钾的固定量,显著降低了土壤钾的有效性;(3)建立了反映干湿交替次数、土壤物理性粘粒和粘粒含量比值、以及钾固定量三者之间的关系方程。     

The effect of substrate roughness on air entrainment in dip coating

Dynamic wetting failure was observed in the simple dip coating flow with a series of substrates, which had a rough side and a comparatively smoother side. When we compared the air entrainment speeds on both sides, we found a switch in behaviour at a critical viscosity. At viscosity lower than a critical value, the rough side entrained air at lower speeds than the smooth side. Above the critical viscosity the reverse was observed, the smooth side entraining air at lower speed than the rough side. Only substrates with significant roughness showed this behaviour. Below a critical roughness, the rough side always entrained air at lower speeds than the smooth side. These results have both fundamental and practical merits. They support the hydrodynamic theory of dynamic wetting failure and imply that one can coat viscous fluids at higher speeds than normal by roughening substrates. A mechanism and a model are presented to explain dynamic wetting failure on rough surfaces.     

超声处理煤泥与浮选药剂的作用研究

利用Setaram微量热仪、DCAT21测定仪、分光光度计等仪器，研究了超声处理前后煤泥与煤油作用的润湿热、油膜厚度、接触角及对煤油吸附量的变化，并进行了小浮选试验.研究结果表明：超声处理后煤泥与煤油的平均润湿热较超声处理前增加了45.85%，油膜的平均厚度减少了38.84%，煤泥与煤油的接触角平均降低了33.56°，煤泥对药剂的吸附量平均降低了30.40%，当获得相同的精煤产率时，煤泥超声处理后的浮选药耗降低了75%.研究证明，煤泥超声处理降低了浮选药耗，提高了煤泥浮选的效率和选择性.     

Unidirectional Wetting in the Hydrophobic Wenzel Regime

Unidirectional wetting surfaces can cause liquid droplets to flow/move in one direction while pinning them in the other directions, a feature that is useful for biosensing, adhesives, thermal management, and microfluidics. Such surfaces can be fabricated by employing structurally or chemically asymmetric nanostructures. While unidirectional wetting in the hydrophobic Wenzel regime had previously been observed on surfaces decorated with chemically asymmetric nanostructures, it has yet to be demonstrated on structurally asymmetric nanostructures. Based on the current understanding of the phenomenon, this can only be achieved using highly bent nanowires. Here, evidence to the contrary is provided by showing that mildly bent nanowires can also bring about unidirectional wetting in the hydrophobic Wenzel regime, even for contact angles beyond the superhydrophobic limit. Using NaCl precipitation, the unidirectional wetting mechanism is analyzed on a nanoscale level and it is found that the criteria for unidirectional wetting to take place in the hydrophobic Wenzel regime are different from that in the hydrophilic Wenzel regime. Moreover, it is revealed that slight wetting in the pinned direction can be caused by large scale deformation of high aspect ratio nanostructures during droplet spreading, which may be part of the reason behind previous observations of near‐unidirectional wetting on bent nanowires with high aspect ratios.     

TDI双管板换热器制造质量的控制简

介绍了TDI双管板换热器的结构特点和深孔强度胀接技术。简述了制造过程中的质量控制关键点。通过用模拟管板进行了内管板胀接工艺评定的方法,采取了控制管孔加工精度、强度胀接、管板组装、调整开槽间距及宽度、安排合理的胀接焊接次序、选择合适的胀接压力等措施;采用了新的检验和检测技术,保证了产品质量;增设了压力传感器,完善了安全监测系统。     

铝/镍/铜UBM厚度对SnAgCu焊点的力学性能及形貌影响

研究了倒装芯片中UBM制备和焊球回流工艺流程。通过改变阻挡层Ni和浸润层Cu的厚度,结合推拉力测试实验,探究了SnAgCu焊点剪切强度的变化规律。研究结果表明,UBM中阻挡层Ni对SnAgCu焊点的力学性能影响最大,而浸润层Cu厚度的增加也能提高SnAgCu焊点的力学性能。进一步对推拉力实验后的焊点形貌进行了SEM观察和EDS分析,得到了焊盘剥离、脆性断裂、焊球剥离、韧性断裂四种不同的焊点失效形式,代表着不同的回流质量,而回流质量主要由UBM的成分和厚度决定。研究结果为倒装焊工艺的优化提供了理论指导。     

玻纤表面动态润湿行为

提出了采用线性回归处理分析玻纤与浸润液体动态润湿的新方法,结合高精度电子天平,表征了玻纤表面动态润湿性能。研究结果表明：在玻纤表面动态润湿过程中,随着润湿速度的增加,动态接触角有增大的趋势,玻纤与去离子水、乙二醇、760E环氧、CYD128环氧的接触角分别由66.04°、42.21°、51.31°、73.90°增加到69.05°、46.95°、74.58°、170.06°,玻纤表面可润湿性能下降。玻纤表面动态润湿过程中,黏度越大,随着润湿速度增加,可润湿性能下降越快,即玻纤与CYD128环氧体系的接触角下降96.16°,而与760E环氧树脂和乙二醇的接触角下降分别为23.27°和4.74°。基于新方法的玻纤表面动态润湿系统中,玻纤所受作用力随三相接触线移动速率和浸润液体黏度的增加而增大。