ZG3Cr18Ni25Si2耐热钢熔炼工艺的改进

介绍改进后的ZG3Cr18Ni25Si2耐热钢熔炼工艺及其特点.具有较高的合金元素收得率,铸件使用寿命比改进前延长35%～45%.     

Crystallization process in rapidly solidified AI-Nd-Ni amorphous alloy prepared by melt spinning

Rapidly solidified ribbons of Al90Nd7Ni3 metallic glasses were prepared by using melt spinning. Crystallization process of the totally amorphous ribbons was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis, under continuous heating regime. The results show that, under continuous heating regime, the metallic glass devitrifies via two main stages: primary crystallization, resulting in two-phase mixture of a(Al) plus residual amorphous phase, and secondary crystallization, corresponding to some inter-metallic phases appearing,successively including A111 Nds, Als Ni, and some unknown phases, in the AI amorphous/crystal matrix. Four peaks appear on the continuous heating DSC curves. Their peak temperatures are respectively 470.8, 570.8, 585.6, and 731.6 K at infinitesimal heating rate, and their activation energies of the respective phase transformation are 183.0,294.7, 232.5 and 269.1 kJ/mol. The values of Avrami exponent of the four reactions decrease with increasing relative transformation degree. At the earlier stage of phase transformation, the values of n are larger than 4, and at the later stage the values of n become close to some value from 0.5 to 2.0.     

Cu、Co元素对激光烧结CrFeNiAlSi高熵合金组织与性能的影响

采用Cr、Fe、Ni、Al、Cu、Co、Si纯金属粉末按照等摩尔比混合并压坯,激光自蔓延烧结制备CrFeNiAlSi、CrFeNiAlCuSi、CrFeNiAlCoSi高熵合金。利用OM、XRD、SEM、显微硬度计及磨粒磨损机等试验表征设备,分析了CrFeNiAlSi、CrFeNiAlCuSi、CrFeNiAlCoSi高熵合金的显微组织、物相及力学性能。结果表明:CrFeNiAlSi高熵合金主要由BCC相组成,为菊花状组织。在加入Cu、Co元素后,从单一的BCC相转化为BCC+FCC两种相共存,但仍以BCC相为主,CrFeNiAlCuSi高熵合金为菊花状+胞状组织,CrFeNiAlCoSi高熵合金为等轴晶组织。加入Cu、Co元素改变了CrFeNiAlSi高熵合金的形貌与性能,加入Cu元素后孔隙减少,硬度下降,磨损率上升。加入Co元素后硬度上升,磨损率下降,显微硬度均值为1010 HV0. 1,磨损率最小为46 mg·cm~(-2)。     

Al-Pb-Si-Sn-Cu轴瓦合金的微观结构及特征

采用机械合金化、冷压与热挤压法制备了Al-15％Pb-4％Si—1％Sn—1．5％Cu(质量分数，％)轴瓦合金。试验结果表明，块体材料的组织分布很均匀。Pb粒子细小均匀弥散分布在Al基体上，呈纳米晶粒。Al基体晶粒大小约1．2μm，在其晶界和晶粒内都有粒子析出。在Al基体上还分布着由非晶和亚微米晶粒构成的混合相。研究表明，该工艺是制备Al-Pb系列轴瓦合金的较佳方法；并为制备室温不互溶、高温存在很宽固溶间隙、有较大密度差异的合金组元且组织均匀的合金奠定了工艺基础。     

镍磷合金镀层防变色性能初探

采用正交试验和条件试验，筛选出了一种以植酸、苯甲酸钠、钼酸钠和EDTA为基本组成的镍磷合金抗蚀防变色剂。通过孔隙率测定、18％～20％盐酸点滴实验、10％氯化钠浸泡实验和阳极极化曲线测试等实验，对镍磷合金层的抗腐蚀性能进行了研究。     

Al-Si-Mg三元合金的溶质分凝及其对凝固过程的影响

从热力学角度分析了三元合金凝固过程中的溶质分凝行为, 利用耦合热力学计算技术研究了Al-Si-Mg三元合金溶质分凝因数在凝固过程中的变化规律, 获得了其与固相体积分数的定量关系, 进而预测了不同条件下Al-Si-Mg三元合金的凝固过程和相析出规律. 实验发现三元合金中溶质分凝因数在凝固过程变化巨大, 采用二元系中的参数使得对共晶种类和共晶分数的预测均与实验值有较大偏差. 采用耦合热力学计算技术, 获得了分凝因数在凝固过程中的变化规律, 使预测值更好地吻合于实验结果.     

Strengthening technology and mechanism for semi-solid die casting of aluminum alloy

Combined with theoretical evaluation,an optimized strengthening process for the semi-solid die castings of A356 aluminum alloy was obtained by studying the mechanical properties of castings solution treated and aged under different conditions in detail,then,the semi-solid die castings and liquid die castings were heat treated with the optimized process.The results show that the mechanical properties of semi-solid die castings of aluminum alloy are superior to those of the liquid die castings,especially the strengthening degree of heat treated semi-solid die castingsis much greater than that of liquid die castings with the tensile strength more than 330 MPa and the elongation more than 10％,and this is mainly contributed to the non-dendritic and more compact microstructure of semi-solid die castings.The strengthening mechanism of heat treatment for the semi-solid die castings of A356 aluminum alloy is due to the dispersive precipitation of the second phase(Mg2 Si) and formation of GP Zone.     

WD615气缸体铸件材料性能的改善

WD615气缸体铸件曾发生化学成分不稳定、铸件本体组织粗大、铁素体含量偏高、硬度偏低等质量问题，为此，采取了如下措施：1）加强熔炼用材料的质量控制；2）提高冲天炉的熔炼质量；3）改进熔炼工艺（调整C,Si量，采用Cu-Cr-Sn合金化；降低浇注温度）；4）改进孕育工艺；5）采用炉前快速检测技术；6）加强铸件本体质量检测。结果表明，缸体铸件的化学成分、金相组织及力学性能均满足技术要求。     

锡磷青铜合金水平连铸工艺参数的优化

铸造锡磷青铜合金组织中存在显微缩松、枝晶偏析和反偏析是冷加工报废的主要原因.通过连铸工艺参数的正交实验,建立了轧制成材率与主要工艺参数之间的神经网络描述,网络模型与遗传算法结合对工艺参数的组合进行了优化,改善了铸坯的组织,提高了轧制带材成材率.     

书讯——《金刚石工具制造理论与实践》

本书是由孙毓超、宋月清等编著，汇集了作者在金刚石工具制造研究实践中的部分内容，共分8个部分，主要研讨金属结合剂、合金元素在胎体中对金刚石的润滑和粘结，烧结合金化原理，预合金化粉末的性能，金刚石表面键合与涂覆，稀土元素在金刚石工具中的应用效果和机制以及其他一些广为关注的问题。