四种甘薯蛋白粉品质比较

通过测定“台农”，“京6”，“55—2”和“红冬”四种甘薯品种所提取蛋白粉各组分（粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、水分、灰分、总糖、金属元素）的含量、分析氨基酸组成、蛋白构成成分和色泽等项指标的差异，对四种甘薯蛋白粉品质进行了比较研究。结果表明，甘薯“55-2”所提取的蛋白粉纯度最高，其蛋白含量达到86．89％，且蛋白粉色泽好，金属元素含量少。     

大米蛋白酶解物体外清除自由基及抗脂质过氧化作用的研究

采用比色法测定了不同剂量的大米蛋白酶解物对清除超氧阴离子、羟自由基、DPPH自由基及抗脂质过氧化的作用。结果表明:(1)大米蛋白酶解物能有效地清除自由基O_2~-·、OH~-及DPPH,在50 mgpro/mL时,对活性氧自由基清除最佳;(2)大米蛋白酶解物可抑制小鼠肝组织的脂质过氧化,尤其对Fe~(2+)诱导的肝组织过氧化损伤更具有保护作用且在50 mgpro/mL时作用最强;能减少红细胞溶血的发生;(3)大米蛋白酶解物在体外试验中具有抗氧化活性,且在10～50 mgpro/mL作用最佳。     

氨肽酶脱苦效果的研究

目的研究从豆腐乳中筛选到的一种枯草芽孢杆菌所产的氨肽酶脱除大豆蛋白质水解物苦味的效果。方法用高效液相色谱法和感官评定。结果1%的大豆蛋白质溶液经胰蛋白酶水解,水解液呈苦味,添加氨肽酶可较好地脱苦,水解液中游离氨基酸的总量增加了28.8%,疏水氨基酸的量也明显增加。结论枯草芽孢杆菌氨肽酶具有较好的脱苦效果。     

SOME BARLEY GRAIN AND GREEN MALT PROPERTIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON MALT HOT-WATER EXTRACT: II. PROTEIN,PROTEINASE AND MOISTURE

This paper continues the study of variation between varieties in some properties of barley and malt and examines protein-related characters and moisture uptake. Initial rate of moisture uptake was more closely related to enzyme activities than maximum moisture content. Significant varietal variation was found in all characters and this variation was greater than environmental variation with the exception of grain nitrogen concentration. In the endosperm endopeptidase activity was the character most highly correlated with malt hot water extract (HWE). The combined influence of protein- and β-glucan-related characters was investigated and the relative influence of each group of characters on HWE varied in different sections of the grain. In the endosperm the protein- and β-glucan-related characters accounted for 30% and 60% of the variation in HWE respectively.     

Effect of free or protein-associated soy isoflavones on the antioxidant status in rats

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic ingestion of free and protein‐associated soy isoflavones on the antioxidant status in male Wistar rats. Free isoflavone (iso), protein‐associated soy isoflavone (iso + prot) and soy protein (prot) extracts were administered for 30 days by gavage to the rats at a dosage of 1 mg aglycone isoflavones per 200 g body weight, adjusted daily, and the prot group was given the same concentration of soy protein received by the iso + prot group. Antioxidant capacity of plasma, thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substance (TBARS) and glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in plasma, erythrocytes and tissues and gene expression levels in liver and kidney were evaluated. RESULTS: Chronic ingestion of free but not of protein‐associated soy isoflavones nor of solely soy protein increased plasma antioxidant capacity and GPx activity in erythrocytes. Soy protein increased CAT activity and gene expression in liver. SOD activity in erythrocytes was increased by all treatments. CONCLUSION: The overall results confirm that dietary soy isoflavones have a positive effect on antioxidant status, enhancing antioxidant capacity of plasma and antioxidant enzymes in various tissues, but the effects are dependent on the form of administration and on a complex mechanism of antioxidant status balance on the organism. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

不同挤压参数对大豆粕蛋白质NSI的影响

不同挤压条件会对粕蛋白质溶解性有很大影响,本文系统研究了一种新型预处理工艺中5种挤压参数δ段长度、模孔长度、挤压温度、螺杆转速、物料含水量变化对粕蛋白质NSI的影响规律,并从中优化出最佳挤压参数。     

大豆蛋白的流变特性及其粘度的数学模型研究

本文利用L-90型流变仪对大豆蛋白溶液的流变特性及其粘度的变化规律进行测定和研究。结果表明大豆蛋白溶液在低浓度下( <6% )表现为牛顿流体,在高浓度( >6% )下表现为非牛顿流体。温度对大豆蛋白溶液流变特性的影响比较复杂。通过DPS数据处理软件对实验数据进行非线性回归分析,建立大豆蛋白溶液的浓度和粘度的数学模型以及温度对大豆蛋白溶液粘度影响的数学模型。     

小麦蛋白质组分与面团特性和烘焙品质关系的研究

选用关中地区３０个小麦品种（系）为材料，对蛋白质组分与面团特性的关系进行了系统分析。结果表明：蛋白质组分对面团特性和烘焙品质有重要影响。麦醇蛋白和麦谷蛋白与沉淀值的关系十分密切。面团吸水率主要受麦醇蛋白的影响；面团形成时间，稳定时间，耐揉指数以及评价值与谷蛋白的关系更为密切。面团延伸度主要受麦醇蛋白影响；面团拉伸阻力、最大拉伸阻力和拉伸面积与谷蛋白关系密切。     

提高具有高起泡性大豆蛋白水解物得率的研究

主要研究还原剂Na2SO3或表面活性剂吐温80及大豆卵磷脂对木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白水解进程、产物得率和起泡性的影响,结果显示水解前加入适量的Na2SO3和大豆卵磷脂,不仅能够显著提高水解进程,同时能够进一步提高可溶性水解物得率,且产物具有较高的起泡性和泡沫稳定性。氨基酸分析表明沉淀中的疏水性氨基酸含量高于上清液,说明水解过程聚集和沉淀的产生与疏水相互作用有重要关联。