In vitro evaluation of tissue adhesives composed of hydrophobically modified gelatins and disuccinimidyl tartrate

Abstract

The effect of the hydrophobic group content in gelatin on the bonding strength of novel tissue–penetrating tissue adhesives was evaluated. The hydrophobic groups introduced into gelatin were the saturated hexanoyl, palmitoyl, and stearoyl groups, and the unsaturated oleoyl group. A collagen casing was employed as an adherend to model soft tissue for the in vitro determination of bonding strength of tissue adhesives composed of various hydrophobically modified gelatins and disuccinimidyl tartrate. The adhesive composed of stearoyl-modified gelatin (7.4% stearoyl; 10Ste) and disuccinimidyl tartrate showed the highest bonding strength. The bonding strength of the adhesives decreased as the degree of substitution of the hydrophobic groups increased. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled 10Ste was integrated onto the surface of smooth muscle cells and showed no cytotoxicity. These results suggest that 10Ste interacted with the hydrophobic domains of collagen casings, such as hydrophobic amino acid residues and cell membranes. Therefore, 10Ste–disuccinimidyl tartrate is a promising adhesive for use in aortic dissection.     

Novel low‐dielectric‐constant fluorine‐functionalized polysulfone with outstanding comprehensive properties

In this work, a series of fluorine‐functionalized polysulfone (F‐PSU) copolymers with intrinsic low dielectric constants (low ε) are reported, which are derived from the polycondensation reaction of 4,4′‐dichlorophenyl sulfone with bisphenol A and bisphenol F (BPF) compounds. The resulting F‐PSU copolymers show high glass transition temperatures (T_g) varying from 187 to 201 °C and are thermally stable up to 500 °C under an N₂ atmosphere. The introduction of BPF units into the PSU copolymers imparts enhanced hydrophobic properties to the F‐PSU films with increased water contact angle values from 66.2° to 93.7°. Moreover, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the F‐PSU (sample V) film are as low as 2.2 and 0.003 at 1 kHz, respectively. Interestingly, the dielectric properties are relatively stable to near the glass transition temperature, which is because of the existence of BPF structures in the molecular backbone. Furthermore, the F‐PSU copolymers are soluble in common solvents and can be readily fabricated into flexible transparent films by the spin casting method. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

STRUCTURALLY COLORED WOOD COMPOSITE WITH REFLECTIVE HEAT INSULATION AND HYDROPHOBICITY

Structural colors are environmentally beneficial as they originate from the physical structure of the material, and they cannot be imitated by chemical dyes and are free from photo-bleaching. In this study, structurally colored wood was prepared by building a structurally colored film based on a wood substrate. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR). The angel-dependent optical effects were confirmed by comparing the CIE chromatic coordinates over a range of viewing angles. Through octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) treatment, the sample surface was made hydrophobic and had a water contact angle of 139°, which broadens the range of applications for the material. Thermal gravimetric analysis results showed that the thermal stability of the modified structurally colored wood (MCW) was much better than that of pristine wood. The reflectance spectra and the model room test results demonstrated that the MCW possesses the reflective heat insulation ability. The unique and promising properties of the MCW could potentially be applied in buildings, furniture, and for energy conservation.     

疏水缔合型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成及絮凝性能

以甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(TFEMA)为疏水单体、丙烯酰胺(AM)为主单体、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为阳离子单体,以过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠为复合引发剂,采用自由基胶束聚合法合成了共聚物P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)。分别考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体总质量分数及反应时间对P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)的产率及阳离子度的影响。确定较佳工艺条件为:反应温度65℃,引发剂用量占单体总质量的2%,单体总质量分数26%,反应时间3 h。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)和环境扫描电镜(ESEM)对其结构进行了表征。同时考察了P(AM-DMCTFEMA)对硅藻土悬浮液的絮凝效果,结果表明,其对硅藻土具有良好的絮凝效果,絮凝时间仅为20 s,合成的共聚物上清液透过率为97.31%。     

Evaluation of iron–epoxy metal nanocomposite in glass fibre and Kevlar

This paper deals with the enrichment of the both mechanical and electrical properties of Kevlar and glass fibres, not including mounting the weight of the structure by adding the iron (Fe) nanocomposites with the epoxy resin. The Fe is mixed well with the epoxy to increase the mechanical constancy and the electrical property of the fibre by a non-covalent approach. The synthesis of metal nanocomposite with epoxy is done by the direct mixing method. The Kevlar and the glass fibre were taken as the samples for this study. The zinc oxide and epoxy were mixed simultaneously using a mechanical stirrer to give appropriate dispersion and adhesion without disturbing the hydrophobic performance of the epoxy, and the Fe powder and epoxy are added with a hardener in the ratio of 1:1:0.1. The results show that the mechanical property of the fibre increased with the decrease in the weight of the laminate when they are treated with the metal nanocomposite.     

疏水亲油材料研究进展

采用疏水亲油材料进行油水分离是解决频繁发生原油泄漏事故的关键,如何提高其油水分离效率已成为亟待解决的问题。自然界中,一些植物、昆虫和动物的身上就具有可以使其在自然环境中更好地生存的超疏水结构。受到自然界中超疏水现象的启发,开发具有超疏水性能的油水分离材料引起了人们广泛的关注。目前常用于油水分离的材料主要可分为零维疏水粉体/一维纤维材料、二维疏水网/织布材料和三维疏水多孔材料。本文着重综述了近年来这3种疏水亲油材料的制备及其对有机物的吸附性能,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

乙醇辅助激光一步法制备硬质合金疏水表面

目的 在YT15硬质合金刀片上制备出具有疏水特性的织构表面.方法 在静态的无水乙醇环境中,利用光纤激光打标机,在YT15硬质合金刀片上制备织构,制备好的织构表面不做任何改性处理.根据织构表面形貌、织构表面化学成分,分析加工环境及激光参数对织构表面润湿性的影响.结果 无水乙醇辅助激光制备的织构表面表现出了疏水特性,疏水角的大小受激光参数影响.激光功率增大,织构表面接触角随之增大,功率为12～20 W时,接触角为112.5°～126.9°;激光扫描速度增加,织构表面接触角随之减小,扫描速度为0.5～2.5 mm/s时,接触角为118.3°～125.7°.当加工次数为1,激光频率为200 kHz,扫描速度为1 mm/s,功率为20 W时,织构表面的接触角最大,为126.9°.结论 无水乙醇环境中,采用激光技术在YT15刀片上制备出了新型的环形凸起微纳织构.与无织构表面相比,织构表面C原子明显增加,表现出了疏水特性.织构表面接触角的大小与织构形貌有关,环形凸起织构密度越大,接触角越大.环形凸起织构的密度受激光参数影响.织构形貌及表面化学成分决定了表面的润湿特性.     

纳米氧化锌掺杂对多孔聚氨酯薄膜表面结构和性能的影响

目的 通过纳米氧化锌(nano-ZnO)掺杂制备规整有序、分布均匀的蜂窝状多孔聚氨酯薄膜,并改善多孔薄膜表面的润湿性和热稳定性.方法 利用nano-ZnO的极性分子特性,以溶液共混的方式将TPU用四氢呋喃(THF)溶解,添加nano-ZnO颗粒进行混合,采用微液滴模板法固化成膜,制备不同掺杂比例的nano-ZnO/TPU多孔复合薄膜.结果 nano-ZnO的质量分数为0％～50％时,薄膜表面微孔结构呈现先有序、后无序.nano-ZnO的质量分数为10％(TPU-10)时,表面微孔排列最为致密有序,表面静态接触角(CA)达到最大,为134.5°,相比于未掺杂的多孔TPU薄膜,软段熔融温度(tm)、硬段软化温度(tg)分别升高了51、8.1℃,起始热分解温度(td)降低了61.1℃.nano-ZnO质量分数为40％～50％(TPU-40、TPU-50)时,经高锰酸钾(KMnO4)粗化及低表面能物质全氟辛基三甲氧基硅氧烷(POTS)修饰,CA达到156°以上.结论 掺杂的nano-ZnO抑制了多孔薄膜制备过程中TPU体系的微相分离,使多孔复合薄膜tm、tg相对于TPU-0有所升高,同时由于部分软段内部的氢键被取代,导致td降低.nano-ZnO质量分数为10％时,多孔复合薄膜表面微孔排列最规则,CA达到最大值;nano-ZnO质量分数≥40％时,薄膜通过KMnO4粗化及低表面能修饰,可获得超疏水性.