回料流入口高度对循环流化床提升管流动特性的影响

The axial pressure drop profile and the radial solids distribution were measured in a circulating fluidized bed for evaluating the effects of return gas-solids stream position on the riser flow properties.The saturation carrying capacity of gas for Geldart B typed particles and the flow mode of return gas-solids stream in the bed were discussed.It was found that arranging the inlet at a higher position of the riser would make the bottom bed leaner when U₀ was high and G_s was low.When G_s increased,the longer influenced region of return particles and a small air-staging through lifting the loosening air injection position made the bottom bed become denser significantly.The deceleration and residence of return particles caused a relatively denser but asymmetrical region in the vicinity of inlet.But much more symmetrical solids distribution profile was found in the upper and lower regions far away from the inlet.The effects of inlet height on the flow properties of the riser with air-staging also were analyzed.The secondary air injection below the solids inlet could not cut off the solids exchange in the bed.The bed solids concentration increased when the particles inlet moved to a higher position of the bed when air-staging was adopted.Using CO₂ as tracer,the dispersion of the loop-seal-fluidizing air for transmitting the return particles was investigated.It was found that the loop-seal fluidizing air dispersion rate was low but can be enhanced by the secondary air injection.     

激光尘埃粒子计数器信号幅度概率密度函数

为了研究激光尘埃粒子计数器计数信号幅度概率分布,对激光尘埃粒子计数器计数信号幅度概率分布与传感器光敏区光强分布、采样气流中的粒子数密度、气体层流速度分布之间的关系进行了理论分析。采用自行设计的带保护气套的光电传感器测定粒子计数信号幅度概率分布,给出的分布模型与理论分析相吻合。结果表明,尘埃粒子计数器计数信号幅度概率分布由传感器光敏区光强分布和粒子数密度空间分布共同决定,这为尘埃粒子计数器的设计提供了理论依据。     

条缝型送风口形成的竖壁贴附射流通风模式研究:送风速度的影响

提出了一种介于混合通风、置换通风之间的新型通风模式——条缝型送风口形成的竖壁贴附射流。利用2DPIV研究了该模式下射流送风速度对气流流场的影响,并对极限贴附距离进行了探讨。研究表明,射流送风速度越大,形成的贴附射流距离越长,贴附效果越显著;同时,送风速度越大,射流对周围空气的卷吸能力越强,射流影响区域越大;射流送风速度的改变对极限贴附距离的影响不明显。     

影响窑尾预分解系统分解率的因素分析

说明了窑尾预分解系统构成,阐述了影响窑尾预分解系统分解率的因素和改进措施。通过分析旋风预热器、分解炉对窑尾预分解系统分解率的影响,提出提高预热器系统分解率对减轻窑的热负荷和提高窑的运转周期的重要作用。     

改善真空洗浆机应用性能的探索

针对传统鼓式真空洗浆机在应用过程中存在的问题进行分析和探讨，采用了稳流式搅拌槽、上部插入式加液方法和溢流连续式洗涤装置等措施，改善和提高了真空洗浆机的操作运行性能，取得了较好的使用效果。     

提高多联机用旋风式油分离器切线速度方法的数值模拟

对小型多联机用旋风式油分离器建立了三维稳态数值模型.气相场选用重整化群湍流模型（RNG k-ε）,油滴轨迹采用随机轨道（DRW）模型,研究了进气管管径、筒体直径和进气碰撞结构对油分离器切线速度分布和压降的影响.发现较小的进气管管径有利于提高油分离器的切线速度;筒体直径对切线速度的影响不大,但较大的筒体直径使压降增加明显;进气碰撞结构O获得了高分离效率和低压降的结合.     

新型整流喷嘴式分流器最佳入口工况数值模拟

目的:改善或尽可能消除制冷系统中节流后气液两相制冷剂在蒸发器中分配不均匀导致的制冷系统性能下降的现象。方法:基于多相流模型中的混合物模型,建立整流喷嘴式分流器的物理模型及气液两相流动的数学模型,通过CFD模拟该分流器内部的相分布情况和气液两相分离程度,分析入口工况(流速、干度)对分流器分液均匀性的影响。结果:当入口流速为1 m/s,入口干度为0.2时,流型逐步趋于稳定,形成对称的环形流,分流器在此工况下整体不均匀度达到最小值,分流效果最优。结论:在对分流器结构进行优化的基础上,通过调整入口工况至最佳可进一步优化流型,形成对称环形流实现均匀分液。     

Numerical investigation of the effect of equivalence ratio on the propagation characteristics and performance of rotating detonation engine

The equivalence ratio is one of the significant factors affecting the propagation characteristics and performance of the rotating detonation engine (RDE). Using the compressible reacting flow solver based on the OpenFOAM open-source platform, the effect of different equivalence ratios of premixed H₂/Air gases on the propagation characteristics and performance of RDE under different total inlet pressures (P₀) is investigated. The reactants are injected through the discrete inlet to mimic the spatial inhomogeneity of the reactants in the actual RDE combustor. The results indicate a Y-shaped flow field structure is formed behind the rotating detonation wave (RDW) using the discrete inlet. There is only one RDW in the flow field with the change of the equivalence ratio when the P₀ is 0.5 MPa, and the primary factors affecting the RDW propagation velocity differ under fuel-lean and fuel-rich conditions. The RDW propagation mode switches from single-wave to co-directional double-wave and double-wave collision with the change of the equivalence ratio when the P₀ is 1.2 MPa. The velocity deficit of RDW in the double-wave mode is larger than that in the single-wave mode. Additionally, in the single-wave mode, the specific impulse decreases as the equivalence ratio increases, but the specific thrust increases as the equivalence ratio increases. When the propagation mode changes, the specific impulse and specific thrust show different trends with the change of the equivalence ratio. It demonstrates that multiple co-directional RDWs have the effect of stabilizing the thrust.     

外界供给参数对PEMFC输出性能及水热平衡的影响

为了改善质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)内部的水热平衡,从而进一步改善PEMFC的输出性能,文章建立了PEMFC的三维模型,通过改变PEMFC的外界供给参数(进气速度、加湿率以及冷却水流速),应用COMSOL模拟仿真得到了PEMFC的极化曲线和功率曲线、流道和气体扩散层(GDL)的水浓度分布情况,以及冷却水流速对PEMFC温度的影响。研究结果表明:随着进气速度和加湿率的逐渐增加,PEMFC的输出性能均逐渐提升,但是,过高的加湿率可能导致电极水淹;随着冷却水流速的增加,PEMFC温度加速下降,膜内温度分布变得更均匀。     

太阳能中温闪蒸海水淡化系统产水性能研究

为提高系统产水性能并降低内部结垢,提出一种由非跟踪复合抛物面聚光器加热导热油至100 ℃以上作为供能热源,采用喷雾辅助闪蒸的海水淡化系统。实验研究实际天气中,不同太阳辐照度下进水口温度、进水流量对系统产淡水性能的影响。采用密封压力桶可将进水口温度升至沸点以上,最高可达123 ℃。太阳辐照度波动较大时,进水口温度保持稳定,系统可稳定运行。进水口温度对产水速率影响显著,平均进水口温度从100 ℃升至120 ℃时,产水速率提高47.61%。当进水流量为50 kg/h,压力维持在0.045 MPa时,系统产水速率最大,日累计淡水产量可达11.14 kg/（d·m²）,小时效率为81.45%,单级生产率为9.15%。